Urinary elimination

Elimination from the urinary tract is usually taken for granted. Only when a problem arises do most people become aware of their urinary habits and any associated symptoms. A person's urinary habits depend on social culture, personal habits and physical abilities or disabilities. In Australia, most people are accustomed to privacy and clean surroundings while they urinate. Personal habits regarding urination are affected by the social propriety of leaving to urinate, the availability of a private, clean facility and initial bladder training. Urinary elimination is essential to health and voiding can be postponed for only so long before the urge normally becomes too great to control

Wishing you a Formidable Christmas

1. O holy night, 2. Por Ti Sere (You raise me up

Fully-formed

Formidable is formed from staff, students and graduates of CQUniversity Australia.Songs:1 O Sole Mio 2 Brave New World 3 Better Be Home Soon 4 Por Ti Sere (You Raise Me Up) 5 Torna A Surriento 6 Maria 7 Music Of The Night 8 You Are My Heart's Delight 9 The Devil Went Down To Georgia 10 Girls Were Made To Love And Kiss 11 Lately 12 I Am Australian 13 Nessun Dorma 14 Con Te Pertiro (Time To Say Goodbye)</div

ICORG 10-14: NEOadjuvant trial in adenocarcinoma of the oEsophagus and oesophagoGastric junction international study (Neo-AEGIS)

Background: Neoadjuvant therapy is increasingly the standard of care in the management of locally advanced adenocarcinoma of the oesophagus and junction (AEG). In randomised controlled trials (RCTs), the MAGIC regimen of pre- and postoperative chemotherapy, and the CROSS regimen of preoperative chemotherapy combined with radiation, were superior to surgery only in RCTs that included AEG but were not powered on this cohort. No completed RCT has directly compared neoadjuvant or perioperative chemotherapy and neoadjuvant chemoradiation. The Neo-AEGIS trial, uniquely powered on AEG, and including comprehensive modern staging, compares both these regimens. Methods: This open label, multicentre, phase III RCT randomises patients (cT2-3, N0-3, M0) in a 1:1 fashion to receive CROSS protocol (Carboplatin and Paclitaxel with concurrent radiotherapy, 41.4Gy/23Fr, over 5 weeks). The power calculation is a 10% difference in favour of CROSS, powered at 80%, two-sided alpha level of 0.05, requiring 540 patients to be evaluable, 594 to be recruited if a 10% dropout is included (297 in each group). The primary endpoint is overall survival, with a minimum 3-year follow up. Secondary endpoints include: disease free survival, recurrence rates, clinical and pathological response rates, toxicities of induction regimens, post-operative pathology and tumour regression grade, operative in-hospital complications, and health-related quality of life. The trial also affords opportunities for establishing a bio-resource of pre-treatment and resected tumour, and translational research. Discussion: This RCT directly compares two established treatment regimens, and addresses whether radiation therapy positively impacts on overall survival compared with a standard perioperative chemotherapy regimen Sponsor: Irish Clinical Research Group (ICORG). Trial registration: NCT01726452 . Protocol 10-14. Date of registration 06/11/2012.</p