The Observations of Type Ia Supernovae

The past ten years have seen a tremendous increase in the number of Type Ia supernovae discovered and in the quality of the basic data presented. The cosmological results based on distances to Type Ia events have been spectacular, leading to statistically accurate values of the Hubble constant, Omega_M, and Omega_Lambda. However, in spite of the recent advances, a number of mysteries continue to remain in our understanding of these events. In this short review, I will concentrate on unresolved problems and curious correlations in the data on Type Ia SNe, whose resolution may lead to a deeper understanding of the physical mechanism of the Type Ia supernova explosions.Comment: 10 pages, aipproc LaTeX, two eps figures, to be published in "Cosmic Explosions! The Proceedings of the Tenth Maryland Conference on Astrophysics," eds, Steven S. Holt and William W. Zhang, AI

Implications of Notch Signaling in Taste Cell Replacement

Cyclophosphamide (CYP) was one of the first chemotherapy drugs developed and used to treat several types of cancer, by disrupting proliferative cells. Unfortunately, CYP is unable to differentiate between cancerous cells and healthy cells turning over which ultimately kills normally functioning cells, including those of the taste system. This loss of taste cells may result in dysgeusia (altered sense of taste), hypogeusia (reduced taste ability) or ageusia (inability to detect any tastes), eventually leading to malnutrition and poor prognosis for patients. The notch signaling pathway is one of the most important pathways involved in the differentiation and fate of neural stem cells (Hitoshi et al., 2002). A previous study looked at genes expressed in developing circumvallate taste cells and found that notch signaling remains active in adult mice to determine cell lineage as the sensory cells are continuously replaced (Seta, Seta, & Barlow, 2003). The current research uses immunohistochemistry to identify the presence of notch signaling following injury by CYP. It was hypothesized that if Notch1 is involved in taste cell replacement, we predict the Notch1 signal should be amplified following challenge by cyclophosphamide

Colonial and Postcolonial Histories: comparative reflections on the legacies of empire

human development, culture