Adult Barriers To Higher Education: A Comparison Of Gender, Age, And Ethnicity In Faith-Based Colleges

The study compares the responses of students in nontraditional undergraduate and graduate degree programs from three faith-based institutions and multiple campuses to determine what barriers exist for adult students. Nontraditional, in this case, refers to degree programs offered within the context of night classes and accelerated programs of study that cater primarily to working adults

Refrigeration Requirements for Precooling and Fermentation Control in Wine Making

A database is provided which can be used as a guide to determine the maximum refrigeration capacity required during wine making (precooling and fermentation control). Factors such as maximum daily grape intake, temperature of the grapes, precooling period, fermentation rate, heat gain in the fermentation building, heat gain in the refrigerated water distribution system as well as the efficiency of refrigeration systems are considered. Graphs, as well as equations, are provided from which the maximum refrigeration capacity required for grape intakes varying from 25 t - 1 000 t per day can be determined in kJ/h. Provision is made for three different precooling periods. Separate graphs are provided from which the influence of the temperature of the grapes, as well as the influence of heat gain in refrigerated water distribution systems on the overall refrigeration capacity required, can be determined respectively. The database cannot replace thorough detailed refrigeration system design and engineering. However, it provides wine makers with a simple guide whereby designs can be checked, or the use of the capacity of existing systems managed more effectively

Five New Arkansas Millipeds of the Genera Eurymerodesmus and Paresmus (Xystodesmidae)

Author Institution: Fayetteville, Arkansa

Epide·miology of non-fatal injuries due to external causes in Johannesburg-Soweto Part I. Methodology and materials

In this, the first of two articles examining the epidemiology of non-fatal trauma in Johannesburg-Soweto, we define case inclusion criteria, and discuss the methodology and materials used in this low-cost, hospital-based survey. The survey was conducted between 8 June 1989 and 24 August 1990. Sampling of both inpatient trauma cases and those seen in casualty departments took place in 6 state and 5 private hospitals located within or nearby the Johannesburg magisterial district. Demographic details about each patient, as well as information concerning spatial and temporal details of the incident, involvement of alcohol or drugs, diagnosis, severity of injury, and placement after casualty treatment, were collected by interviewing each patient. Data concerning the age, sex and racial composition of the background population were assembled from a number of sources. After discussing the internal limitations of this methodology, it is concluded that its findings may be of limited use for improving secondary interventions, but are of definite value for trauma prevention programmes

The declining share of primary data and the neglect of the individual level in international business research

Complementing Nielsen and colleagues’ (2020) analysis of methodological trends in the Journal of International Business Studies over the past 50 years, we examine similar data on methods published in a wider range of leading international business (IB) journals. Our analysis shows a clear decline of studies based on primary data relative to secondary data, and a persistently low level of individual-level studies among the growing body of research using secondary data across all IB journals considered. We discuss the main mechanisms driving these trends and identify the problems of IB’s increasing exposure to the risks inherent in secondary data. We also discuss the implications related to neglecting individual-level data for theory advancement in IB, such as a disregard for novel secondary data opportunities at the individual level and the risk of reduced theoretical pluralism. In doing so, we substantially extend the debate initiated by Nielsen and colleagues (2020)