ANTIPROLIFERATIVE, ADME AND POTENTIAL IN SILICO G6PDH INHIBITORY ACTIVITY OF NOVEL 2-(1-BENZOFURAN-2-YL)-4-(5-PHENYL-4H-1, 2, 4-TRIAZOL-3-YL) QUINOLINE DERIVATIVES

Objectives: Synthesis of new 2-(1-benzofuran-2-yl)-4-(5-phenyl-4H-1, 2, 4-triazol-3-yl) quinoline and its derivatives for antiproliferative potential against cancer cells.Methods: The general methods were employed for the synthesis and the structures were confirmed by IR, 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR and mass spectral analysis. The antiproliferative activity was performed by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay and molecular docking study were performed by Auto Dock Tools. In silico Absorption-Distribution-Metabolism-Excretion-Toxicity (ADMET) study for the drug, likeliness was carried out on ACD/lab-2.Results: The compound 3l showed 44, 44, 38 and 37 % inhibition against MCF-7, HepG2, Colo205 and HeLa cell lines, respectively; whereas, the compounds 3i and 3j exhibited 49 and 42 % inhibition against MCF-7 cell line. The molecular docking study revealed that the compound 3i has the lowest binding energy (-8.60 Kcal mol-1), suggesting to be potentially best inhibitor of Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PDH). The in silico ADME analysis also revealed that compound 3i does not violate any of the Lipinski rules of five and has the best stimulative human colonic absorption up to 95 %.Conclusion: The study reveals that the compounds containing benzofuran coupled nitrogen heterocycles are essential for activity as they possess excellent drug-like characteristics.Â

Evaluation of Interactive Effects of Row Arrangement, Plant Geometry and Mulching on Yield of Early Maturity Maize Hybrid under Traditional Rainfed Conditions

Aim: To study the grain yield performance of early maturity maize hybrid under rainfed conditions in relation to row arrangement, plant geometry and mulching. Place of Study: A field experiment was conducted at Agricultural research station, Karimnagar during kharif 2011-12. Methodology: The experiment was carried out in red sandy loam soils, in a split- split plot design with main plots as row arrangement (2) i.) Equal rows at 67cm ii). Paired row at 84: 50cm (Between and within paired rows), Sub plots as plant geometry (3) i.) with 40000 Plants/ha (intra row spacing of 37 cm) ii.) with 50000 Plants /ha (intra spacing of 30cm) iii.) with 60000 Plants/ha (intra row spacing of 25cm) and Sub- sub plots as mulching treatments (2) i.) without mulching ii.) with surface mulch @ 5 t/ha. The results indicated that there is no significant difference in grain yield of early maturity maize hybrid, when the crop is grown in equal row spacing of 67cm (5148 kg/ha) or paired row spacing of 84:50cm (4962 kg/ha). The grain yield of maize crop with 60000 Plants /ha (i.e., 25 cm intra row spacing) recorded higher grain yield of 5339 kg/ha followed by maize crop with 50000 Plant /ha (i.e., 30 cm intra row spacing) with 5097 kg/ha grain yield and 4729 kg/ha with 40000 Plant/ha (i.e., 37 cm intra row spacing). When crop rows were mulched with grass and dried weed material @ 5t/ha significantly increased the maize grain yield (5724 kg/ha) by 23 % than compared to the crop kept without mulch (4386 kg/ha). Consequently, the maize crop with surface mulching resulted in higher net returns (Rs.31770/ha) and benefit cost ratio of 1.7 over no mulching. While, the interaction for all parameters was non significant. Results: It can be concluded that farmers can either follow equal row spacing or paired row spacing based on situation, as there is no significant difference in terms of yield by either method. Mulching of inter row of maize crop under rainfed conditions has resulted in 23% increased yield than that of crop kept without mulch

Not Available

Not AvailableMesoscale eddies are important ocean phenomena that enhance biological productivity by mixing of water column and influence fishery catches, especially in stratified seas such as Bay of Bengal and Andaman Sea. The current study was conducted around the Andaman and Nicobar Islands (ANI), India located in the Eastern Indian Ocean. The study tested the feasibility of targeted fishing in eddies, by characterizing the mesoscale eddies in the region, towards developing operational altimetry-based fishery advisories for the fishers. We analysed fish catch data from 15,370 commercial fishing trips from the Islands using five fishing gears during 2014-17 spatially vis-a-vis the eddies delineated from Maps of Sea Level Anomaly (M-SLA). We show that 5-24% of the routine commercial catches occurred in eddies, fishery catches are positively influenced by different eddy zones and the fish catch using different fishing gear are significantly higher in some of the eddy zones. We generated experimental advisories showing locations of eddies and their zones, identified using Near Real-Time M-SLA data and guided the commercial fishers for targeted fishing in eddies. The fish Catch Per Unit Effort (CPUE) from the experimental fishing within the eddy zones was significantly (p < 0.01) higher than that from the traditional fishing grounds in the non-eddy areas. The spatio-temporal analysis of eddies around ANI during 2009-16 showed the occurrence of higher number of anticyclonic eddies, majority of which move westward and have a lifespan of less than 2 weeks and amplitude less than 4 cm. In the current study, the areas around ANI with frequent eddy occurrence and eddy density have been identified, which could aid in increasing the fishing intensity by targeting the pelagic fishes, using longlines, gillnets and ringnets. Thus, we show the possibility of using eddy fishing advisories generated from altimeter data, for augmenting the currently operational Potential Fishing Zone (PFZ) advisories that are generated using optical/thermal remote sensing data and disseminated to the coastal fishers in India. This will be helpful especially for the regions with and during periods of persistent cloud cover.National Remote Sensing Centre (NRSC)Indian Space Research Organization (ISRO), [RRSC - NRSC - 2018

Not Available

Not AvailablePlanning aquaculture and fisheries activities in a reservoir requires knowledge of dynamics of water spread. We studied water spread dynamics of three reservoirs in the Godavari river basin, India using multi-temporal satellite imagery for the period 1990–2018 and developed a framework for mapping the spatial extent of water spread area (WSA) having potential for enclosure fish culture. The study showed that WSA of Nizamsagar reservoir in pre-monsoon season has declined from 108.11 to 99.34 km2 from phase I (1990–2006) to phase II (2007–2018), respectively and a similar trend was seen in Pocharam and Nallavagu reservoirs. For post monsoon seasons of the same time period, an increase in WSA was seen in Nizamsagar (133.75–144.14 km2) and Pocharam reservoirs (14.15-14.67 km2). Based on frequency of water presence during 2007–2018, WSA with potential for cage and pen culture was determined in Nizamsagar (31.04 km2) and Pocharam (2.87 km2) reservoirs. The study showed that both the reservoirs can accommodate maximum allowed number of cages (5000 and 500 cages respectively). We provide a decision matrix for location-specific selection of suitable culture methods and candidate species, which would aid in optimal utilization of the hitherto under-utilized reservoirs, especially in in situ data poor conditions. This study can be scaled up in the entire country with the help of academia/industry to prioritize reservoirs with potential for enclosure fish culture and plan appropriate interventions for reducing their yield gap.Not Availabl

Sustainable intensification of climate-resilient maize–chickpea system in semi-arid tropics through assessing factor productivity

Abstract Global trends show that the rapid increase in maize production is associated more with the expansion of maize growing areas than with rapid increases in yield. This is possible through achieving possible higher productivity through maize production practices intensification to meet the sustainable production. Therefore, a field experiment on “Ecological intensification of climate-resilient maize–chickpea cropping system” was conducted during consecutive three years from 2017–2018 to 2019–2020 at Main Agricultural Research Station, Dharwad, Karnataka, India. Results of three years pooled data revealed that ecological intensification (EI) treatment which comprises of all best management practices resulted in higher grain yield (7560 kg/ha) and stover yield compared to farmers’ practice (FP) and all other treatments which were deficit in one or other crop management practices. Similarly, in the succeeding winter season, significantly higher chickpea yield (797 kg/ha) was recorded in EI. Further EI practice recorded significant amount of soil organic carbon, available nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, zinc, and iron after completion of third cycle of experimentation (0.60%, 235.3 kg/ha,21.0 kg/ha,363.2 kg/ha,0.52 ppm and 5.2 ppm respectively). Soil enzymatic activity was also improved in EI practice over the years and improvement in each year was significant. Lower input energy use was in FP (17,855.2 MJ/ha). Whereas total output energy produced was the highest in EI practice (220,590 MJ ha−1) and lower output energy was recorded in EI–integrated nutrient management (INM) (149,255 MJ/ha). Lower energy productivity was noticed in EI-INM. Lower specific energy was recorded in FP and was followed by EI practice. Whereas higher specific energy was noticed is EI–INM. Each individual year and pooled data showed that EI practice recorded higher net return and benefit–cost ratio. The lower net returns were obtained in EI-integrated weed management (Rs. 51354.7/ha), EI-recommended irrigation management (Rs. 56,015.3/ha), integrated pest management (Rs. 59,569.7/ha) and farmers’ practice (Rs. 67,357.7/ha) which were on par with others

Not Available

Not AvailablePlanning aquaculture and fisheries activities in a reservoir requires knowledge of dynamics of water spread. We studied water spread dynamics of three reservoirs in the Godavari river basin, India using multi-temporal satellite imagery for the period 1990-2018 and developed a framework for mapping the spatial extent of water spread area (WSA) having potential for enclosure fish culture. The study showed that WSA of Nizamsagar reservoir in pre-monsoon season has declined from 108.11 to 99.34 km(2) from phase I (1990-2006) to phase II (2007-2018), respectively and a similar trend was seen in Pocharam and Nallavagu reservoirs. For post monsoon seasons of the same time period, an increase in WSA was seen in Nizamsagar (133.75-144.14 km(2)) and Pocharam reservoirs (14.15-14.67 km(2)). Based on frequency of water presence during 2007-2018, WSA with potential for cage and pen culture was determined in Nizamsagar (31.04 km(2)) and Pocharam (2.87 km(2)) reservoirs. The study showed that both the reservoirs can accommodate maximum allowed number of cages (5000 and 500 cages respectively). We provide a decision matrix for location-specific selection of suitable culture methods and candidate species, which would aid in optimal utilization of the hitherto under-utilized reservoirs, especially in in situ data poor conditions. This study can be scaled up in the entire country with the help of academia/industry to prioritize reservoirs with potential for enclosure fish culture and plan appropriate interventions for reducing their yield gap.Not Availabl