Institutional and economic perspectives on distant-water fisheries access arrangements

This report undertakes a targeted examination of the economic dynamics, policy drivers, and institutional framework of fishing access arrangements (FAA). Six comprehensive case studies of three resource-holding countries or regions (Ghana, Namibia and the Pacific Island Countries and Territories (PICT)), and three resource‑seeking countries or regions (Japan, the European Union and China) are examined

A geopolitical-economy of distant water fisheries access arrangements

In recent decades, fishing fleets and effort have grown in aggregate throughout the waters of lower-income coastal countries, much of which is carried out by vessels registered in higher-income countries. Fisheries access arrangements (FAAs) underpin this key trend in ocean fisheries and have their origins in UNCLOS’s promise to establish resource ownership as a mechanism to increase benefits to newly independent coastal and island states. Coastal states use FAAs to permit a foreign state, firm, or industry association to fish within its waters. This paper provides a conceptual approach for understanding FAAs across the global ocean and for exploring their potential to deliver on the promise of UNCLOS. Illustrated with the findings from multiple case studies, we advance understanding of FAAs by developing a geopolitical-economy of access that attends to the combination of contingent and context-specific economic, ecologic, and geopolitical forces that shape the terms, conditions and practices of the FAAs shaping this persistent phenomenon of higher-income industrial fleets fishing throughout lower-income countries’ waters

Discrete interval system reduction using Pade approximation to allow retention of dominant poles

This brief presents a method of reduction for discrete interval systems using Fade approximation to allow the retention of dominant poles. For a given system, the denominator of the reduced model is formed by retaining the dominant poles of the original system, while the numerator is obtained by matching interval time moments. Two numerical examples illustrate the procedure

Routh Pade-approximation for Interval Systems

This note presents a method for the reduction of the order of interval system. The denominator of the reduced model is obtained by a direct truncation of the Routh table of the interval system. The numerator is obtained by matching the coefficients of power series expansions of the interval system and its reduced model. A numerical example illustrates the proposed procedure