The first report of Pleuroflammula ragazziana in Poland

The first locality of Pleuroflammula ragazziana (Bres.) E. Horak in Poland, found in 2017 in Debrza Nature Reserve (Tarnów District), is reported herein. The global distribution of this species was mapped. The morphology of this species, based on the specimens from Poland, is presented

The effect of benzene moiety fused with macrocyclic ring on the proton affinity of crown ethers studied in MS/MS experiment

In this paper we address the question how the presence of an aromatic moiety affects the proton affinity of crown ethers. In order to compare the proton affinities of crown ethers studied (M), we compared the abundances of protonated crown ethers ([M + H]+ ions) with the abundance of the ion [NH2-B15C5 + H]+ (formally also protonated crown ether). Both [M + H]+ and [NH2-B15C5 + H]+ were formed as a result of decomposition of [NH2-B15C5 + H + M]+. The presence of a benzene moiety fused with a macrocyclic ring strongly decreases the ratio [M + H]+/[NH2-B15C5 + H]+. Thus, the higher ring strain caused by the benzene moiety leads to a substantial lowering of the proton affinity of crown ethers. It is also suggested that for protonated benzocrown ethers the ring strain is partly compensated by the proton-đ interaction. The presence of an NO2 group decreases the electron density on the aromatic ring and, consequently, the proton-đ interaction is suppressed. As expected, the proton affinity of benzo-crown ethers increases with increasing size of their cavity since the ring strain is lower for larger molecules. An unexpectedly high proton affinity of dicyclohexano-18-crown-6 (DC18C6) has been observed

Leucocoprinus lilacinogranulosus (Henn.) Locq. w Polsce

The paper presents the first finding of Leucocoprinus lilacinogranulosus in Poland, the rare, exotic fungus, sporadically found in Europe. The species was found indoors, on soil in terrarium. A description based on the specimens from Poland as well as photographs and microcharacter drawings are presented.W Polsce stwierdzono dotychczas występowanie pięciu gatunków z rodzaju czubnik (Leucocoprinus): L. badhamii, L. birnbaumii, L. caepistipes, L. straminellus i L. cygneus. Owocniki tych grzybów obserwowane były przeważnie w pomieszczeniach zamkniętych (szklarnie, mieszkania, centra handlowe), w donicach z roślinami ozdobnymi, jednakże część z nich pojawia się poza budynkami, na siedliskach antropogenicznych i półnaturalnych. Leucocoprinus lilacinogranulosus jest gatunkiem szeroko rozpowszechnionym w Europie. Jest uznawany za gatunek obcy dla bioty Europy, jednakże jego pochodzenie nie zostało ostatecznie ustalone. Nie był on dotychczas podawany z obszaru naszego kraju. W 2012 r. zebrano owocniki tego gatunku w miejscowości Bystra k. Bielska Białej. Wyrosły one w prywatnym mieszkaniu, w terrarium, na podłożu torfowym. W pracy przedstawiono opis cech makro- i mikroskopowych, opracowany na podstawie znalezionych owocników. Ponadto przedyskutowano zagadnienia taksonomiczne oraz rozmieszczenie L. lilacinogranulosus

Contribution to knowledge of fungal biota of Kampinos National Park (Poland): part 3

We present interesting findings from the final year (2018) of the project concerning fungi in the fire-damaged forests in Kampinos National Park (central Poland). Seven taxa have been collected which are new to the park, one species (Scutellinia patagonica) hitherto unrecorded in Poland has been found. The current number of macromycetes taxa known from Kampinos National Park has reached 1,611

How many fungal species grow in the Bialowieza Forest? Exhibitions of fungi as a source of new data

Mycological data published in the years 2012−2017 in six papers on the exhibitions of fungi of the Białowieża Forest (NE Poland) was analysed to demonstrate that incidental, few days long field studies in that region may provide interesting and valuable data on fungal diversity and richness. The discussed papers, in addition to the lists of species presented, include information on some interesting taxa collected during the preparation of the exhibitions. This data complements the knowledge on the fungal biota of the Białowieża Forest and is documented by the herbarium specimens. There are 865 macrofungal taxa (72 of Ascomycota and 793 of Basidiomycota) mentioned in these papers. Almost half of them (421 taxa) were particularly valuable fungi, with 239 being new for the Białowieża Forest, i.e. they had not been reported from this area earlier. 75 taxa found during the field work preceding the exhibitions had not been found in Poland previously (e.g. Chromosera cyanophylla, Clitocybe collina, Cortinarius talimultiformis, Cystoderma subvinaceum). Moreover, 67 taxa have not been so far reported from other localities in Poland (e.g. Amylocystis lapponica, Pycnoporellus alboluteus and Steccherinum tenuispinum). 15 fungal species collected before the exhibitions are protected in Poland, 6 of them are strictly protected. 185 red−listed fungi were also found, among them 1 species with Ex (extinct) category (Scytinostroma galactinum) and 61 with E (endangered) category (e.g. Pholiota squarrosoides, Punctularia strigosozonata, Rigidoporus crocatus). An analysis of the published data indicates that even short−term, incidental studies may provide important and valuable data on the fungi of the Białowieża Forest and that the potential richness of its mycobiota is much higher than previously recognised and estimated. Presented results confirm the need for further basic research on the biodiversity of macrofungal biota of the Białowieża Forest. It should involve application of new research methods, participation of taxonomists specializing in specific fungal groups, identification of threats and establishing of a conservation program and population monitoring of the most valuable species in this area

Rzadkie gatunki z rodzaju Lepiota i rodzajów pokrewnych

The paper presents 47 fungi taxa (species and varietes) belonging to the genera Cystolepiota, Echinoderma, Lepiota, Leucoagaricus, Leucocoprinus, Macrolepiota and Melanophyllum, found in Poland, which have been not reported earlier from this area (18 species: Cystolepiota fumosifolia, C. moelleri, C. petasiformis, Echinoderma carinii, E. pseudoasperula, Lepiota angustispora, L. apatelia, L. cingulum, L. cortinarius var. audreae, L. cristata var. felinoides, L. forquignonii, L. rubella, Leucoagaricus cinerascens, L. ionidicolor, L. sericifer var. sericellatus, Macrolepiota heimii, M. rhodosperma var. rhodosperma, M. venenata) or have been known only from a few localities. For the species new to Poland short descriptions, based on the specimens examined and literature data, are given and their micromorphological characters are illustrated.W pracy przedstawiono 126 stanowisk grzybów należących do rodzajów Cystolepiota, Echinodema, Lepiota, Leucoagaricus, Leucocoprinus, Macrolepiota i Melanophyllum. Zaprezentowano gatunki rzadkie, znane z nielicznych stanowisk w Polsce oraz 18 taksonów nowych dla tego terenu (Cystolepiota fumosifolia, C. moelleri, C. petasiformis, Echinoderma carini, E. pseudoasperula, Lepiota angustispora, L. apatelia, L. cingulum, L. cortinarius var. audreae, L. cristata var. felinoides, L. forquignonii, L. rubella, Leucoagaricus cinerascens, L. ionidicolor, L. sericifer var. sericellatus, Macrolepiota heimii, M. rhodosperma var. rhodosperma, M. venenata). Gatunki nie notowane wcześniej z obszaru Polski opisano w oparciu o cechy znalezionych okazów

Orobanche pallidiflora Wimm. and Grab. in Poland: distribution, habitat and host preferences

The paper presents ten new localities of Orobanche pallidiflora Wimm. & Grab. from Poland (Middle Roztocze, Równina Bełska plain, Wyżyna Malopolska upland, Góry Kaczawskie Mts and Western Bieszczady Mts). Information on hosts, abundance and habitat preferences at the new localities is given and a supplemented map of the distribution in Poland is included