Racial/Ethnic Differences in Concerns About Current and Future Medications Among Patients With Type 2 Diabetes

OBJECTIVE—To evaluate ethnic differences in medication concerns (e.g., side effects and costs) that may contribute to ethnic differences in the adoption of and adherence to type 2 diabetes treatments

Filicide in Austria and Finland - A register-based study on all filicide cases in Austria and Finland 1995-2005

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Filicide is the tragic crime of murdering one's own child. Previous research has found that the offending parents are commonly depressed and that suicide is often associated as an actual act or an intention. Yet, filicide is an underreported crime and previous studies have been strained with methodological problems. No comprehensive international studies on filicide have been presented in the literature until now.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>This was a descriptive, comprehensive, register-based study of all filicides in Austria and Finland during 1995-2005. Filicide-suicide cases were also included.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>Most of the perpetrators were the biological mothers; in Austria 72%, in Finland 52%. Suicide followed filicide either as an attempt or a fulfilled act in 32% and 54% of the cases in Austria and Finland, respectively. Psychotic mood disorders were diagnosed for 10% of the living perpetrators in Austria, and 12% in Finland. Non-psychotic depression was diagnosed in 9% of surviving perpetrators in Austria, 35% in Finland.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>The data from the two countries demonstrated that filicide is such a multifaceted and rare phenomenon that national data from individual countries seldom offer sufficient scope for its thorough study. Further analyses are needed to produce a complete picture of filicide.</p

Applying the ALARA concept to the evaluation of vesicoureteric reflux

The voiding cystourethrogram (VCUG) is a widely used study to define lower urinary tract anatomy and to diagnose vesicoureteric reflux (VUR) in children. We examine the technical advances in the VCUG and other examinations for reflux that have reduced radiation exposure of children, and we give recommendations for the use of imaging studies in four groups of children: (1) children with urinary tract infection, (2) siblings of patients with VUR, (3) infants with antenatal hydronephrosis (ANH), and (4) children with a solitary functioning kidney. By performing examinations with little to no radiation, carefully selecting only the children who need imaging studies and judiciously timing follow-up examinations, we can reduce the radiation exposure of children being studied for reflux

Sensitivity of routine ultrasound screening of pregnancies in the Eurofetus database

In this prospective study, we recorded details on 3685 fetuses with congenital structural abnormalities from an unselected population of women who underwent routine ultrasound examination during their pregnancies. Overall, 2262 fetuses were diagnosed as being abnormal before birth (sensitivity = 61.4%). The total number of abnormalities was 4615, of which 1733 (37.5%) were major abnormalities. The overall number of detected abnormalities was 2593 (sensitivity = 56.2%). If only major abnormalities were considered, the sensitivity rose to 73.7%, compared to only 45.7% for the minor abnormalities. Within each severity group, the accuracy of detection varied across systems. For the major abnormalities, it was higher for the central nervous system (88.3%) and urinary tract (84.8%), but lower for heart and great vessels (38.8%). Detection of minor abnormalities was also effective for the urinary tract (89.1%), but not for the heart and great vessels (20.8%) and the musculoskeletal system (18%).SCOPUS: cp.kFLWINinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishe