Placentophagia in Nonpregnant Nulliparous Mice: A Genetic Investigation

The genetic influence on the response of nonpregnant nulliparous mice to foster placenta was investigated. Two highly inbred strains (BALB/cBy and C57BL/6By), their F1 hybrids, a backcross generation, and seven recombinant-inbred strains derived from the F2 generation were tested. It was concluded that there is a genetic component to the response of female mice to placenta in the absence of previous experience, and that more than one, but possibly as few as two loci are involved. Alternative explanations of average dominance for placentophagia and for no placentophagia (by the promotion of competing responses) were considered

Fractional diffusion emulates a human mobility network during a simulated disease outbreak

From footpaths to flight routes, human mobility networks facilitate the spread of communicable diseases. Control and elimination efforts depend on characterizing these networks in terms of connections and flux rates of individuals between contact nodes. In some cases, transport can be parameterized with gravity-type models or approximated by a diffusive random walk. As a alternative, we have isolated intranational commercial air traffic as a case study for the utility of non-diffusive, heavy-tailed transport models. We implemented new stochastic simulations of a prototypical influenza-like infection, focusing on the dense, highly-connected United States air travel network. We show that mobility on this network can be described mainly by a power law, in agreement with previous studies. Remarkably, we find that the global evolution of an outbreak on this network is accurately reproduced by a two-parameter space-fractional diffusion equation, such that those parameters are determined by the air travel network.Comment: 26 pages, 4 figure

Corn root rot studies

Publication authorized September 14, 1927."Also submitted to the Faculty of the Graduate School of the University of Missouri as a thesis in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy"--P. [3].Digitized 2007 AES.Includes bibliographical references (pages 67-71)

Corn root rot

Caption title.Original in the University of Missouri--Columbia Libraries collections; scanned by the University of Missouri Systems Office

Chlamydia trachomatis and the risk of spontaneous preterm birth, babies who are born small for gestational age, and stillbirth: A population-based cohort study

Background: Chlamydia trachomatis is one of the most commonly diagnosed sexually transmitted infections worldwide, but reports in the medical literature of an association between genital chlamydia infection and adverse obstetric outcomes are inconsistent. Methods: The Western Australia Data Linkage Branch created a cohort of women of reproductive age by linking records of birth registrations with the electoral roll for women in Western Australia who were born from 1974 to 1995. The cohort was then linked to both chlamydia testing records and the state perinatal registry for data on preterm births and other adverse obstetric outcomes. We determined associations between chlamydia testing, test positivity, and adverse obstetric outcomes using multivariate logistic regression analyses. Findings: From 2001 to 2012, 101558 women aged 15 to 38 years had a singleton birth. Of these women, 3921 (3·9%) had a spontaneous preterm birth, 9762 (9·6% of 101371 women with available data) had a baby who was small for gestational age, and 682 (0·7%) had a stillbirth. During their pregnancy, 21267 (20·9%) of these women had at least one chlamydia test record, and 1365 (6·4%) of those tested were positive. Before pregnancy, 19157 (18·9%) of these women were tested for chlamydia, of whom 1595 (8·3%) tested positive for chlamydia. Among all women with a test record, after adjusting for age, ethnicity, maternal smoking, and history of other infections, we found no significant association between a positive test for chlamydia and spontaneous preterm birth (adjusted odds ratio 1·08 [95% CI 0·91–1·28]; p=0·37), a baby who was small for gestational age (0·95 [0·85–1·07]; p=0·39), or stillbirth (0·93 [0·61–1·42]; p=0·74). Interpretation: A genital chlamydia infection that is diagnosed and, presumably, treated either during or before pregnancy does not substantially increase a woman’s risk of having a spontaneous preterm birth, having a baby who is small for gestational age, or having a stillbirth. Funding: Australian National Health and Medical Research Counci

Assessment on outcome of garlic mixture on blood pressure among hypertensive clients

Quality of life may be multidimensional incorporating individuals subjective perception physical, emotional and social well being including both cognitive (satisfactory) and emotional (happiness) component. Cardiovascular disease is the world’s leading killer, accounting for 16.7 million or 29.2 percent of total global in 2003. With modernization, a large proportion of Asians are trading healthy traditional diets for fatty foods, physical jobs for deskbound sloth, the relative calm of the countryside for the stressful city. Heart-attack victims are just the first wave of a swelling population of Asians with heart problems. While deaths from heart attacks have declined more than 50 percent since the 1960s in many industrialized countries, 50 percent of global cardiovascular diseases related deaths now occur in low and middle-income nations, which cover most countries in Asia. The consumption of fruits and vegetables has been associated with low incidences and mortality rates of many diseases, particularly cardiovascular disease and cancer. Eating fruits and vegetables also reduces blood pressure and serum cholesterol, boosts the immune system, detoxifies contaminants and pollutants, and reduces inflammation. Hence, the investigator was interested to decrease the economic burden of the disease by a selected non- pharmacological method, for reducing the level of blood pressure. Thus, “A study was conducted to assess the outcome of garlic mixture on blood pressure among hypertensive clients in selected village, Kollencode”. The aim of the study was to assess the outcome of garlic mixture on blood pressure. A Quasi experimental research design was adopted. The study was conducted at Kollencode village. 60 hypertensive clients who fulfilled the inclusion criteria were selected using non probability purposive sampling technique. The demographic variables were age, gender, education, occupation, income, marital status, type of food, nature of physical activities, chronicity, family history, exercise, drugs, and sleep. Pre-test level of blood pressure was taken for both experimental and control group in lying down position in the right hand. Preparation of garlic mixture was given to the experimental group for 30 days.8-10 cloves of garlic (10 gms) prepared by boiling of 100ml of aavin nice milk, which is I.S.O certified has the nutritive value of fat 3percent and S.N.F 8.5percent homogenized and pasteurized toned milk, remove milk cream, crush the garlic and again boil the skimmed milk with garlic for 5minutes and given to the hypertensive clients every day in the morning before breakfast for 30 days and advised to follow their regular antihypertensive drugs also.The control group were given only antihypertensive drugs.post test level of blood pressure was measured. The comparison of pre and post assessment was made which showed high significant result. Thus, the study concludes that garlic mixture was effective to decrease the level of high blood pressure. The conceptual framework of this study was based on Errestin Wiedenbach’s Helping Art of Clinical Nursing Theory. The research hypothesis formulated for the study was, there is a significant difference between pre test and post test level of blood pressure among hypertensive clients in the age group between 45 to 65years. The findings showed highly significant decrease in value of level of blood pressure following nursing intervention at p<0.05. The outcome was proved by comparing the pre and post test levels of blood pressure where the result showed p<0.05 level of significance. Thus, the research hypothesis was accepted. It was also found that, there was a significant association between the demographic variables such as diet, family history of hypertension and the mean difference of the blood pressure. The study concluded that the administration of garlic mixture has reduced the level of high blood pressure. Therefore, it can be used as a safe and effective way to maintain the blood pressure thereafter. It can be incorporated in community health care nursing practice. Hence, the investigator ended in reducing the economic burden of the disease by a selected non- pharmacological method, for reducing the level of blood pressure, the prime root cause for major life threatening diseases