Hopfield Networks in Relevance and Redundancy Feature Selection Applied to Classification of Biomedical High-Resolution Micro-CT Images

We study filter–based feature selection methods for classification of biomedical images. For feature selection, we use two filters — a relevance filter which measures usefulness of individual features for target prediction, and a redundancy filter, which measures similarity between features. As selection method that combines relevance and redundancy we try out a Hopfield network. We experimentally compare selection methods, running unitary redundancy and relevance filters, against a greedy algorithm with redundancy thresholds [9], the min-redundancy max-relevance integration [8,23,36], and our Hopfield network selection. We conclude that on the whole, Hopfield selection was one of the most successful methods, outperforming min-redundancy max-relevance when\ud more features are selected

Comparing Rotational Stability Over Time Between Four Monofocal Toric Intraocular Lenses

Peter Hoffmann,1 Richard Potvin,2 Robert D Anello,3 Fritz Hengerer,4 Gerd Auffarth,5 Yves Guldenfels,6 Eckart Bertelmann,7 Ramon Ruiz Mesa,8 Isaak Fischinger,9 Sandra Krawczyk,10 Berthold Seitz,11 David Antolin-Garcia,12 Stefanie Schmickler,13 Louis Hoffart,14 Thomas Kohnen,15 Alvin S Relucio3 1Augen- und Laserklinik Castrop-Rauxel GmbH, Castrop-Rauxel, Germany; 2Science in Vision, Frisco, Texas, USA; 3HOYA Surgical Optics, Irvine, California, USA; 4Augenklinik, Bürgerhospital, Frankfurt, Germansy; 5Universitäts-Augenklinik Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany; 6La Clinique Rhena, Strasbourg, France; 7Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany; 8Clínica OFTALVIST Ophthalmologie in Jerez de la Frontera, Jerez de la Frontera, Spain; 9Berlin Eye Research Institute, Berlin, Germany; 10Klinikum Stuttgart – Katharinenhospital, Stuttgart, Germany; 11Universitätsklinikum des Saarlandes Klinik für Augenheilkunde, Homburg/Saar, Germany; 12Hospital La Milagrosa Servicio de Ofthalmología, Madrid, Spain; 13Augen-Zentrum-Nordwest, Ahaus, Germany; 14Centre Vision Sud, Marseille, France; 15Universitätsklinikum Frankfurt, Frankfurt, GermanyCorrespondence: Robert D Anello, HOYA Surgical Optics 110 Progress, Suite 175, Irvine, CA, 92618, USA, Tel +1-909-224-6149, Email [email protected]: To evaluate the rotational stability of four different monofocal toric intraocular lenses (IOLs) from surgery to 4– 6 months postoperative.Methods: This was a subset of data from a prospective multi-center randomized clinical study. High resolution retro-illuminated images of eyes implanted with four different toric IOLs were obtained immediately after surgery, and at 1 day, 1 week, 1 month and 4– 6 months after surgery. Fixed scleral features were identified in the surgical image. An independent reading center evaluated the orientation of the IOL from all images, based on the angle between the toric axis marks and these fixed scleral landmarks. Rotational stability was determined by calculating differences in orientation between visits.Results: Digital images from 299 eyes implanted with one of the four IOLs were available for analysis. Orientation data were successfully determined in about 90% of images. Biometry and IOL orientation were not significantly associated with IOL rotation. The Vivinex lens showed the lowest absolute rotation, with a mean value less than 1.5 degrees at all time intervals measured, with a maximum standard deviation of 1.4 degrees. The AcrySof lens was next lowest, with an absolute rotation below two degrees for all intervals. Mean absolute rotation for the Tecnis lens was significantly higher than for the other IOLs (> 2 degrees for all intervals). For the AcrySof and Vivinex lenses, there were no reported rotations > 10 degrees for any interval; 97% or more of results were < 5 degrees, compared to 93% for the AT Torbi lens and 90% for the Tecnis lens. Only 6 lenses (4 Tecnis: 8.3%, 2 AT Torbi: 4.3%) had a rotation > 10 degrees at any time point.Conclusion: Rotational stability appeared excellent for the Vivinex and AcrySof toric IOLs, with slightly more variable performance evident with the AT Torbi and Tecnis IOLs.Keywords: toric, Vivinex™, XY1A, XY1-SP, AcrySof™ SN6ATx, Tecnis™ Toric ZCT, AT Torbi™, rotation, Astigmatis

Severe Pediatric COVID-19 and Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children from Wild-type to Population Immunity: A Prospective Multicenter Cohort Study with Real-time Reporting

Background: SARS-CoV-2 variant evolution and increasing immunity altered the impact of pediatric SARS-CoV-2 infection. Public health decision-making relies on accurate and timely reporting of clinical data. Methods: This international hospital-based multicenter, prospective cohort study with real-time reporting was active from March 2020 to December 2022. We evaluated longitudinal incident rates and risk factors for disease severity. Results: We included 564 hospitalized children with acute COVID-19 (n = 375) or multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (n = 189) from the Netherlands, Curaçao and Surinam. In COVID-19, 134/375 patients (36%) needed supplemental oxygen therapy and 35 (9.3%) required intensive care treatment. Age above 12 years and preexisting pulmonary conditions were predictors for severe COVID-19. During omicron, hospitalized children had milder disease. During population immunity, the incidence rate of pediatric COVID-19 infection declined for older children but was stable for children below 1 year. The incidence rate of multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children was highest during the delta wave and has decreased rapidly since omicron emerged. Real-time reporting of our data impacted national pediatric SARS-CoV-2 vaccination- and booster-policies. Conclusions: Our data supports the notion that similar to adults, prior immunity protects against severe sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 infections in children. Real-time reporting of accurate and high-quality data is feasible and impacts clinical and public health decision-making. The reporting framework of our consortium is readily accessible for future SARS-CoV-2 waves and other emerging infections