The effect of vitamin E- selenium injection on serumic levels of Albumin, Protein, Calcium, Phosphorous, Alkaline phosphates, Alaninamonitransferas and Aspartataminotransferas in the Arabian horse

This study was performed to evaluate the effect of vitamin E and Selenium injection on serumic levels of albumin, protein, calcium, phosphorous, alkaline phosphates, alaninamonitransferas and aspartataminotransferas in the Arabian stallions. In this study 12 Arabian horses were selected in 2 groups of 4 and 5 years old. In each group, horses were allocated to two sub groups of controls and treatment, each of them containing three animals. In the treatment group, 1cc/30 kg vitamin E and selenium was injected intramuscularly in 2 day intervals for 6 days, while in the control group the same amounts of normal saline (0.9%) was injected. Blood samples of all animals were collected from the jugular vein at days 2, 4 and 6 and their sera were harvested by centrifuging and the levels of the parameters were measured using commercial kits and the spectrophotometric method. The results of this study indicated that there was no significant difference on mean serumic albumin, phosphorous, alkaline phosphates, alaninamonitransferas, and spartataminotransferas in the studied animals while mean serumic protein values of 4 year old horses indicated a significant difference following the third vit E – Selenium injection (

Study on the effect of Lactobacillus casei o1 fermented milk consumption on lipid pattern of rats nourished with cholesterol enriched diet

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects ofconsumption of different amounts of fermented milk by L.casei on serum lipid trends including total cholesterol, LDL-C, HLD-C, VLDL-C and triglyceride in the serum of rats fed 1 and 2% cholesterol enriched diet. For this purpose 49 male albino wistar rats with a body weight of 200±15 gr were randomly allocated to seven groups each containing 7 rats and adapted to new conditions during a week. Rats in the first group (control group) received commercial diet and water for 30 days, the second to fourth groups received diet enriched with 1% cholesterol and rats in the fifth to seventh groups received diet enriched with 2% cholesterol. Each rat in the fourth and seventh groups (double dose receiving treatment groups) consumed fermented milk containing 4×108 CFU bacteria per day, rats in the third and sixth groups (single dose receiving treatment groups) consumed fermented milk containing 2×108 CFU bacteria per day and in the second and fifth groups (sham group) consumed sterilized milk instead of fermented milk. According to the statistical tests, one way analysis of variance and Tukey at a level of α= 0.05, mean levels of total cholesterol and LDL-C of rats in the  double dose receiving treatment groups and single dose receiving treatment groups were significantly lower and mean level of HDL-C was significantly higher than sham group (

Evaluation of serumic Uric acid,Total Protein, Albumin, Calcium and Phosphorus levels in laying hens afflicted by the gout syndrome

Gout syndrome is accounted for one of the prevalent causes of mortality in poultry farms. Gout is recognized by deposition of urates in kidneys, on serous surfaces of the heart, liver, mesenteries, air sacs and peritoneum. In some cases, these deposits may be observed on surfaces of muscles, synovial sheaths of tendons and joints, too. These deposits are like chalky coating and appear grossly. Gout could be seen in two forms, articular gout and visceral gout, and it is a disease with numerous causes.  The causing factors of the gout are classified in three groups which consist of nutrient and management factors, infectious factors, and toxic factors. For evaluation of biochemical parameters in gout disease, we surveyed and diagnosed in three farms of egg laying poultry breeding (HY-Line) affected to gout syndrome during spring and summer of 1386. In this study, from the above- mentioned poultry farms a number of 20 affected, and 20 healthy chickens (totally 120) were chosen and Blood samples of all animals were collected from wing veins and their sera were harvested by centrifuging and the levels of Uric acid, Total Protein, Albumin, Calcium and Phosphors parameters were measured by diagnostic laboratory kits. After taking blood, they were autopsied, and according to autopsy signs and syndromes, the diagnosis of gout was confirmed. Results of this study showed  significant increase on mean serumic Uric acid, Total Protein, Albumin, Calcium and Phosphorus in chickens affected by gout in comparison with the  healthy groups(

Evaluation of the levels of Leptin, Beta hydroxyl butyrate, Glucose, Cholesterol and Triglyceride in serum of Holstein cows with sub clinical ketosis

Leptin hormone is secreted from the white adipocytes of adipose tissue and its levels increase with the increase in size of the adipose tissue.  One of the most important actions of this hormone is the regulation of body metabolism by consuming adipose tissue and production of energy. The objective of this study was determination of Leptin and BHB, glucose, cholesterol and triglyceride levels in healthy Holstein cows and cows with Sub clinical Ketosis and the determination of the prevalence of Sub clinical Ketosis, using BHB level in blood serum as the gold standard. In this survey 7 dairy farms were chosen in Shahriar, (Tehran province), Samples were taken from 100 cows at two periods: 1) last week of pregnancy (dry period), 2) The same cows at 2 months after parturition. Serum samples were harvested and leptin levels were measured using DBC ELISA kit,Canada, BHB levels  were measured using  RANBUT kits and glucose, cholesterol and triglyceride levels were measured by commercial  kits (ziest chem) and spectrophotometer. In this study, the prevalence of Sub clinical Ketosis, using the 1/2, 1/4, 1/7 mmol BHB, as the cut point was calculated as 18%, 14% and 4% respectively. Leptin levels decreased significantly after parturition in healthy cows and those affected by subclinical ketosis. There was a significant correlation between leptin and glucose (r=0.53) and BHB and glucose (r= -0.27) in pre parturient group of cows. In the group of cows 2 month after parturition, there was a significant correlation between leptin and glucose (r=0.65), BHB and triglyceride (r=0.97) and BHB and glucose (r= -0.64). In the group affected by subclinical ketosis, a significant correlation was observed between leptin and glucose (r=0.72), BHB and glucose (r=-0.38), BHB and triglyceride (r=0.85) and BHB and cholesterol (r=0.64)

Evaluation of some hematological changes in canine heartworm infection (Dirofilaria immitis)

This study was conducted on 80, 3-5 year old mixed breed dogs suspected of dirofilariasis in the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Islamic Azad University of Tabriz. The direct method and the modified knott’s method were used for diagnosis of the parasitic microfilaria. Hematologic parameters including white and red blood cell and platelet counts and the amounts of hemoglobin and hematocrit, mean corpuscular volume (MCV), mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH), mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC), fibrinogen and protein were determined. This results of this study indicated that 20 of the 80 dogs examined were infected by Dirofilaria immitis microfilaria and the prevalence of dirofilariasis in this study was 25%. The mean levels of hematocrit, red blood cells and MCV in infected dogs were decreased significantly in comparison to the un-infected dogs and the mean levels of hemoglobin, MCH, MCHC and platelets did not show any significant differences. The mean levels of fibrinogen, protein, white blood cells and absolute and relative neutrophiles, eosinophiles, monocytes and basophiles were increased significantly and the mean levels of absolute and relative lymphocytes were decreased significantly in infected dogs compared to the healthy dogs

The effect of cefepime injection on clinical findings, gross lesions and some biochemical parameters in Rose Ringed Parakeet

This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of cefepime injection, a fourth generation cephalosporin drug, on clinical finding, gross lesions and some biochemical parameters in Rose Ringed Parakeet in high of the increasing use of medical antibiotics in avian medicine. Ten Rose Ringed Parakeets were randomly allocated into two groups of control and treatment each consisting of 5 birds with the same age, environmental and nutritional conditions. In the treatment group, 100 mg/kg cefepime was injected intramuscularly every 12 hours for 3 days while in the control group equal values of normal saline solution was injected similarly during the injection period, the birds were evaluated clinically. Blood samples of all bird were collected from the jugular vein 24 hours after the last injection, their sera separated following centrifugation and the levels of alkaline phosphatase (ALP), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), glucose, uric acid, creatinine, sodium, potassium, phosphorus and calcium were measured using the spectrophotometer and flame photometry techniques. Necropsy was also carried out following blood sampling to assess gross lesions. Comparison of the results of the biochemical parameters between treatment and control groups indicated a significant increase (

The effects of date consumption on serumic levels of glucose, lipids and lipoproteins in diabetic rats

Diabetes mellitus is an important problem amongst human and animals. In veterinary medicine too, diabetes mellitus occurs in many animals particularly household pets. This study was conducted in order to evaluate the effect of date consumption on serumic levels of glucose, triglyceride, cholesterol, LDL, VLDL and HDL in rats suffering from experimental diabetes mellitus. Thirty male wistar rats with the age of 8 weeks and mean body weight of 200±20 gr were selected and divided into 5 groups so that there were 6 rats per group. The groups consisted of day one healthy control, final day healthy control, healthy treatment consuming date, diabetic treatment consuming date and diabetic control group. Diabetic treatment and control groups received 100 mg/kg of alloxan subcutaneously to create experimental diabetes. The two healthy control groups also received equal amounts of normal saline solution subcutaneously. The injections were repeated a week later in all groups. After observing the diabetes symptoms including polydipsia, polyuria, glucosuria and hyperglycemia in groups that were given alloxan, feeding of healthy and diabetic treatment groups with equal ratio of date and pellet was initiated. Final day healthy control group and diabetic control group were fed only with pellet. The groups were fed for 10 days following the start of diabetes symptoms. Blood samples were collected from all groups on day 10. Evaluation of the serumic levels of glucose, cholesterol and LDL revealed statistically significant increase in diabetic control group in comparison with the healthy control groups and also in healthy and  diabetic treatment groups consuming date as compared with diabetic control and healthy groups (

Histopathological study of the protective effects of ethanolic extract of Crocus sativus L. (Saffron) stigma on hepatic and renal tissue changes in alloxanized diabetic rats

Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disorder affecting mankind and its incidence is considered to be high all over the world. Hepatic and renal insufficiencies are identified as the most important causes of death in this disease. A multitude of herbs has been described for the treatment of diabetics throughout the world. The aim of the present study was to assess the protective effects of ethanolic saffron stigma extract (Crocus sativus L.) on early hepatic and renal injuries in alloxan-induced diabetic rats.  For this purpose, 72 male wistar rats were randomly assigned to six different groups of 12 rats each, including healthy control rats, healthy control rats receiving ethanolic saffron extract, mild diabetic (MD) rats, mild diabetic rats receiving ethanolic saffron extract, severely diabetic (SD) rats and severely diabetic rats receiving ethanolic saffron extract. The most effective dose of the extract in reducing blood glucose (40 mg/kg), dissolved in normal saline solution (10 ml/kg) was administered intraperitoneally to treatment groups receiving the extract for 30 consecutive days. Control groups received normal saline solution in the same manner. Four hours after the last extract injections, all rats were euthanized simultaneously by cervical dislocation. Tissue specimens were fixed in 10% buffered formalin and 5 micron thick sections were prepared using routine hitopathological techniques. Histopathology of the liver and kidney in diabetic rats showed a spectrum of changes including periportal degeneration, membranoproliferative glomerulitis, enlargement of lining cells of tubules, lymphocytic infiltration, hyperemia and hemorrhage. These injuries were more prominent in SD rats. The histopathological appearance of liver and kidneys in ethanolic extract treated diabetic rats was near normal. The findings of the present study indicate that ethanolic extract of Crocus sativus L. stigma has protective effects on early diabetic nephropathy and hepatopathy in experimentally induced diabetes. Therefore, ethanolic extract of Crocus sativus L. stigma is recommended for prevention of early renal and hepatic injuries in diabetes mellitus, after randomized clinical trials

Study of the levels of beta hydroxy butyrate, glucose, protein and albumin in Holstein cows with subclinical ketosis

The objective of this study was to comparatively evaluate the levels of beta hydroxy butyrate (BHB), glucose, protein and albumin in serum of healthy Holstein cows and those with subclinical ketosis. In this survey, blood samples were collected at two stages from cows selected at 7 dairy farms in Shahriar province of Tehran. Five to 7 ml of blood were taken from the coccygeal vein of 100 cows during the last week of pregnancy when the animals were dry and once again 2 months after parturition from the same cows, their sera separated and the amounts of BHB, glucose, protein and albumin determined by enzymatic techniques and commercially available kits. With the cut point of BHB at 1.2, 1.4 and 1.7 mmol/lit, the percentage of cows affected with subclinical ketosis were 18, 14 and 4 percent, respectively. Mean levels of BHB in ketotic cows was significantly higher than healthy cows before and after parturition while mean levels of glucose, protein and albumin was significantly lower during the same periods (

Serum Levels of Zinc, Copper and Their Carrier Proteins in Cattle with theileriosis

In this study, 90 cattle with theileriosis and 90 healthy cattle were studied based on clinical and laboratory examination including parasitological and biochemical tests. Special biochemical kits were used for determination of zinc, copper, albumin, calcium, magnesium and ferrous levels in sera. Serum levels of transferin and ceruloplasmin were measured with ELISA and Sunderman & Nomoto method, respectively. The serum level of zinc was significantly decreased in cattle suffering from theileriosis (