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Designing spin-1 lattice models using polar molecules
We describe how to design a large class of always on spin-1 interactions
between polar molecules trapped in an optical lattice. The spin degrees of
freedom correspond to the hyperfine levels of a ro-vibrational ground state
molecule. Interactions are induced using a microwave field to mix ground states
in one hyperfine manifold with the spin entangled dipole-dipole coupled excited
states. Using multiple fields anistropic models in one, two, or three
dimensions, can be built with tunable spatial range. An illustrative example in
one dimension is the generalized Haldane model, which at a specific parameter
has a gapped valence bond solid ground state. The interaction strengths are
large compared to decoherence rates and should allow for probing the rich phase
structure of strongly correlated systems, including dimerized and gapped
phases.Comment: 24 pages, 5 figure