L’observation entre pairs comme dispositif de développement professionnel d’enseignantes à l’éducation préscolaire

In an action research project involving 12 preschool teachers of 4 and 5-year-old children, a training and professional support program focusing on the quality of classroom interactions was implemented over two years. After the first year, the teachers showed interest in peer observation to improve their practices. The peer observation as a professional development approach involved the researcher, the observing teacher, and the observed teacher. It consisted of in-classroom observation, followed by an objective assessment of the observation and an interview. The overall objective was to identify the teachers' perceptions regarding peer observation as a professional development tool. The results demonstrate that peer observation is beneficial for teachers. This study will contribute to research on different observation models and provide recommendations to enhance this professional development approach.Dans une recherche-action menée auprès de 12 enseignantes à l’éducation préscolaire 4 et 5 ans, un dispositif de formation et d’accompagnement professionnel en classe en matière de qualité des interactions a été mis en place sur une période de deux ans. Au terme de la première année, les enseignantes ont montré de l’intérêt à s’observer entre pairs afin de bonifier leurs pratiques. L’observation entre pairs comme dispositif de développement professionnel réunissait la chercheure, l’enseignante observatrice et l’enseignante observée et comportait une observation en classe, suivie d’une objectivation de l’observation et un entretien. L’objectif général était d’identifier les perceptions des enseignantes au regard de l’observation entre pairs comme dispositif de développement professionnel. Les résultats démontrent que l’observation entre pairs est avantageuse pour les enseignantes. Cette étude permet d’alimenter les recherches qui portent sur les différents modèles d’observation et de proposer des recommandations pour améliorer ce dispositif de développement professionnel

CD38 genetic variation is associated with increased personal distress to an emotional stimulus

Genetic variation in CD38—a putative oxytocin pathway gene—has been linked to higher oxytocin levels, empathy, and sensitive parenting, but also to more negative interpersonal outcomes (e.g., alienation from friends and family, poorer romantic relationship quality). To reconcile these seemingly contradictory findings, we drew upon the idea that CD38 variation may heighten social-emotional sensitivity and, consequently, make individuals prone to negative emotions in distressing interpersonal situations. To test this hypothesis, we performed a secondary analysis of a dataset including participants’ (n = 171; 94 females) empathic concern (“sympathetic”) and distress-related (“anxious”) responses to an emotional video. Distress responses were higher for the CD38 rs3796863 AA/AC group vs. the CC group (p = 0.03, η2 = 0.027); however, there was no significant effect of genotype for empathic concern responses to the video or for indices of trait empathy. These findings provide preliminary evidence that, in the face of an interpersonal stressor, CD38 genetic variation may predict more self-focused, aversive emotional reactions. More broadly, this finding highlights the need to adopt a more nuanced perspective in which the influence of oxytocin system variation (assessed by oxytocin-related genetic variation) should be considered in light of the social context

CD38 genetic variation is associated with increased personal distress to an emotional stimulus

AbstractGenetic variation in CD38—a putative oxytocin pathway gene—has been linked to higher oxytocin levels, empathy, and sensitive parenting, but also to more negative interpersonal outcomes (e.g., alienation from friends and family, poorer romantic relationship quality). To reconcile these seemingly contradictory findings, we drew upon the idea that CD38 variation may heighten social-emotional sensitivity and, consequently, make individuals prone to negative emotions in distressing interpersonal situations. To test this hypothesis, we performed a secondary analysis of a dataset including participants’ (n = 171; 94 females) empathic concern (“sympathetic”) and distress-related (“anxious”) responses to an emotional video. Distress responses were higher for the CD38 rs3796863 AA/AC group vs. the CC group (p = 0.03, η2 = 0.027); however, there was no significant effect of genotype for empathic concern responses to the video or for indices of trait empathy. These findings provide preliminary evidence that, in the face of an interpersonal stressor, CD38 genetic variation may predict more self-focused, aversive emotional reactions. More broadly, this finding highlights the need to adopt a more nuanced perspective in which the influence of oxytocin system variation (assessed by oxytocin-related genetic variation) should be considered in light of the social context.</jats:p

CD38 genetic variation is associated with increased personal distress to an emotional stimulus

Abstract Genetic variation in CD38—a putative oxytocin pathway gene—has been linked to higher oxytocin levels, empathy, and sensitive parenting, but also to more negative interpersonal outcomes (e.g., alienation from friends and family, poorer romantic relationship quality). To reconcile these seemingly contradictory findings, we drew upon the idea that CD38 variation may heighten social-emotional sensitivity and, consequently, make individuals prone to negative emotions in distressing interpersonal situations. To test this hypothesis, we performed a secondary analysis of a dataset including participants’ (n = 171; 94 females) empathic concern (“sympathetic”) and distress-related (“anxious”) responses to an emotional video. Distress responses were higher for the CD38 rs3796863 AA/AC group vs. the CC group (p = 0.03, η2 = 0.027); however, there was no significant effect of genotype for empathic concern responses to the video or for indices of trait empathy. These findings provide preliminary evidence that, in the face of an interpersonal stressor, CD38 genetic variation may predict more self-focused, aversive emotional reactions. More broadly, this finding highlights the need to adopt a more nuanced perspective in which the influence of oxytocin system variation (assessed by oxytocin-related genetic variation) should be considered in light of the social context