Rectal cancer treatment and outcome in the elderly: an audit based on the Swedish rectal cancer registry 1995–2004

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Limited information is available regarding the effect of age on choice of surgical and oncological treatment for rectal cancer. The objective of this study was to assess the influence of age on treatment and outcome of rectal cancer.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>We utilized data in the Swedish Rectal Cancer Registry (SRCR) from patients treated for rectal cancer in Sweden in 1995–2004.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>A total of 15,104 patients with rectal cancer were identified, 42.4% of whom were 75 years or older. Patients ≥75 years were less likely to have distant metastases than younger patients (14.8% vs. 17.8%, <it>P </it>< 0.001), and underwent abdominal tumor resection less frequently (68.5% vs. 84.4%, <it>P </it>< 0.001). Of 11,725 patients with abdominal tumor resection (anterior resection [AR], abdominoperineal excision [APE], and Hartmann's procedure [HA]), 37.4% were ≥75 years. Curative surgery was registered for 85.0% of patients ≥ 75 years and for 83.9% of patients < 75 years, <it>P </it>= 0.11. Choice of abdominal operation differed significantly between the two age groups for both curative and non-curative surgery, The frequency of APE was similar in both age groups (29.5% vs. 28.6%), but patients ≥75 years were more likely to have HA (16.9% vs. 4.9%) and less likely to have preoperative radiotherapy (34.3vs. 67.2%, <it>P </it>< 0.001). The relative survival rate at five years for all patients treated with curative intent was 73% (70–75%) for patients ≥75 years and 78% (77–79%) for patients < 75 years of age. Local recurrence rate was 9% (8–11%) for older and 8% (7–9%) for younger patients.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>Treatment of rectal cancer is influenced by patient's age. Future studies should include younger and older patients alike to reveal whether or not age-related differences are purposive. Local recurrence following surgery for low tumors and quality of life aspects deserve particular attention.</p

Continuous and discontinuous Galerkin time stepping methods for nonlinear initial value problems with application to finite time blow-up

We consider continuous and discontinuous Galerkin time stepping methods of arbitrary order as applied to first-order initial value ordinary differential equation problems in real Hilbert spaces. Our only assumption is that the nonlinearities are continuous; in particular, we include the case of unbounded nonlinear operators. Specifically, we develop new techniques to prove general Peano-type existence results for discrete solutions. In particular, our results show that the existence of solutions is independent of the local approximation order, and only requires the local time steps to be sufficiently small (independent of the polynomial degree). The uniqueness of (local) solutions is addressed as well. In addition, our theory is applied to finite time blow-up problems with nonlinearities of algebraic growth. For such problems we develop a time step selection algorithm for the purpose of numerically computing the blow-up time, and provide a convergence result

Binary-fluid–solid interaction based on the Navier–Stokes–Cahn–Hilliard Equations

We consider amodel for binary-fluid-solid interaction based on a diffuse-interface model for the binary fluid and a hyperelastic-materialmodel for the solid. The diffuse-interface binary-fluidmodel is described by the quasi-incompressible Navier-Stokes-Cahn-Hilliard equations with preferential-wetting boundary conditions at the fluid-solid interface. The fluid traction on the interface includes a capillary-stress contribution in addition to the regular viscous-stress and pressure contributions. The dynamic interface condition comprises the traction exerted by the nonuniform solid-fluid surface tension in accordance with the Young-Laplace law for the solid-fluid interface. The solid is modeled as a hyperelastic material. We present a weak formulation of the aggregated binary-fluid-solid interaction problem, based on an arbitrary Lagrangian-Eulerian formulation of theNavier-Stokes-Cahn-Hilliard equations and a properweak evaluation of the binary-fluid traction and of the solid-fluid surface tension. We also present an analysis of the essential properties of the binary-fluid-solid interaction problem, including a dissipation relation for the complete fluid-solid interaction problem. To validate the presented binary-fluid-solid interactionmodel, we consider numerical simulations for the elasto-capillary interaction of a droplet with a soft solid substrate and present a comparison to corresponding experimental data

dealii/dealii: deal.II version 9.4.1

All download files are mirrored at https://dealii.43-1.org/downloads/ This is a minor update to 9.4.0 with the following changes: cmake: always export compile_commands.json in deal.II and user projects doxygen: fix various errors in formulas doxygen: fix SymmetricTensor friends cmake: fix PETSc version detection base: fix some VectorizedArrayTypes for non-default vectorization gitignore: ignore clangd files and directories change ConsensusAlgorithm deprecations to early deprecated step-81: Mention example step in the tutorial lists bugfix: use correct tolerance in MappingCartesian chec

dealii/dealii: deal.II version 9.4.2

All download files are mirrored at https://dealii.43-1.org/downloads/ This is a minor update to 9.4.1 with the following changes: a compilation issue with step-70 has been resolved CMake: prefer -pthread for posix thread support a type mismatch for suitesparse has been fixed that lead to compilation failures on certain platforms a number of Microsoft Visual Code compatibility fixes concerning extern declaration

dealii/dealii: deal.II version 9.4.0

All download files are mirrored at https://dealii.43-1.org/downloads/ The major changes of this release are: Three new tutorial programs: 81, 82, 85 demonstrating solving a variety of equations and illustrating functionality in deal.II. Advances in simplex- and mixed-mesh support Repartitioning of distributed meshes Advances in matrix-free infrastructure Advances in multigrid infrastructure CutFEM support Experimental integration of the Computational Geometry Algorithms Library (CGAL) Performance improvements in the particle infrastructure Improvements to unstructured communication For more information see The preprint at https://www.dealii.org/deal94-preprint.pdf The list of changes at https://www.dealii.org/developer/doxygen/deal.II/changes_between_9_3_3_and_9_4_0.htm