« Dites-moi quel crime il a commis et je vous dirai d’où il vient »

« Tell me his crime and I'll tell you where he comes from » The reporting of criminals’ ethnic or national origin in the press in the Joe Van Holsbeeck case Previous studies demonstrate frequent mentions of the ethnicity or nationality of criminals in Western media. In order to identify the relevance attributed by journalists to such information, we analyzed editorials that were published in six Belgian newspapers on the Joe Van Holsbeeck case, named after a teenager who was killed while thieves tried to steal his MP3-player. The analysis shows that such information pulls the crime out of its immediate context in order to place it within a system of preexisting representations. In that sense, reporting the ethnic or national origins of suspects holds referential rather than indexical value.De nombreuses études montrent que la mention de l’origine ethnique ou nationale des criminels est une pratique répandue dans les médias occidentaux. Pour identifier la valeur que les journalistes attribuent à cette information, nous avons analysé les éditoriaux publiés par six quotidiens belges, relatifs à l’affaire Joe Van Holsbeeck, du nom d’un adolescent tué par des individus qui tentaient de voler son lecteur MP3. L’analyse met en évidence que cette information sort le crime de son contexte immédiat pour l’inscrire dans un système de représentations préexistantes. En ce sens, la mention de l’origine ethnique ou nationale des suspects a une portée davantage référentielle qu’indicielle

Procedural justice and the allocation of power in intergroup relations: Studies in the United States and South Africa

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Structural and normative sources of ethnic conflict: Status, size, and normative rules for power allocation

The thesis presents some theoretical arguments and two empirical investigations concerning the normative bases of conflict between ethno-cultural majorities and minorities differing in status. The arguments were derived from an analysis of thirteen real-world conflicts between ethno-cultural groups within contemporary states. This analysis suggested the existence of various patterns of ethno-cultural conflict, which were defined in terms of the kinds of demands made by low power groups, the patterns of violence they advocated, and the kinds of reactions to these demands by groups in power. The specific hypotheses derived from the comparative analysis predict that power allocation between ethno-cultural groups is governed by ideologically based normative rules. When these rules are violated to a group\u27s disadvantage, members of this group are likely to perceive power differentials as illegitimate, to make demands for change, and to support the use of political violence as a means to achieve group demands. The hypotheses were tested in two experimental simulations, in which subjects were placed in a hypothetical situation where each played the role of a member of one of two ethnic groups in a particular country. Overall, the results revealed that power is allocated according to normative rules and that the violation of these rules lead to the perception of existing power differences as illegitimate and to advocacy of demands for change. Normative violations are not sufficient to produce support for the use of political violence; but when negotiations are blocked by the other group, support for the use of political violence to achieve group demands increases. The major implication is that inequalities in power lead to conflict over power only when they constitute normative violations

La dynamique des conflits intergroupes

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La paix à travers le partage du pouvoir et la reconnaissance mutuelle

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Psychologie sociale

2e édition 1995-1996/1Syllabus strictement réservé aux étudiants de 1re cand. psychologie et éducation, 2e cand. sciences sociales, 2e cand. sciences politiques (option) de l'Université Libre de Bruxellesinfo:eu-repo/semantics/published

Structural and normative sources of ethnic conflict: Status, size, and normative rules for power allocation

The thesis presents some theoretical arguments and two empirical investigations concerning the normative bases of conflict between ethno-cultural majorities and minorities differing in status. The arguments were derived from an analysis of thirteen real-world conflicts between ethno-cultural groups within contemporary states. This analysis suggested the existence of various patterns of ethno-cultural conflict, which were defined in terms of the kinds of demands made by low power groups, the patterns of violence they advocated, and the kinds of reactions to these demands by groups in power. The specific hypotheses derived from the comparative analysis predict that power allocation between ethno-cultural groups is governed by ideologically based normative rules. When these rules are violated to a group\u27s disadvantage, members of this group are likely to perceive power differentials as illegitimate, to make demands for change, and to support the use of political violence as a means to achieve group demands. The hypotheses were tested in two experimental simulations, in which subjects were placed in a hypothetical situation where each played the role of a member of one of two ethnic groups in a particular country. Overall, the results revealed that power is allocated according to normative rules and that the violation of these rules lead to the perception of existing power differences as illegitimate and to advocacy of demands for change. Normative violations are not sufficient to produce support for the use of political violence; but when negotiations are blocked by the other group, support for the use of political violence to achieve group demands increases. The major implication is that inequalities in power lead to conflict over power only when they constitute normative violations

From Competitive Interests, Perceived Injustice, and Identity Needs to Collective Action: Psychological Mechanisms in Ethnic Nationalism

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Implicit and category-based allocations of decision-making power in majority-minority relations

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Les revendicationsidentitairesdans le conflit entre groupes

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