307 research outputs found
OL-EDA-ID Syndrome: a Novel Hypomorphic NEMO Mutation Associated with a Severe Clinical Presentation and Transient HLH
Efficacy and safety of human intravenous immunoglobulin 5% (Ig VENA) in pediatric patients affected by primary immunodeficiency
PIN46 Pharmacoeconomic Evaluation of the Introduction of Universal Varicella Vaccination in Italy
PCV13 serotype decrease in Italian adolescents and adults in the post-PCV13 era: Herd protection from children or secular trend?
FOXP3 expression in peripheral blood and synovial cells of patients with juvenile idiopathic arthritis: relationship with IL-17 at cytokine and molecular level
Streptococcus pneumoniae: elusive mechanisms of the body?s defense systems
Streptococcus pneumoniae is one of the most important human pathogens. It represents the most frequent cause of pneumonia, meningitis, sinusitis and otitis.
After the PCV7 vaccine introduction, a serotypic switch was noticed. This phenomenon led to the replacement of the seven sero- types contained in the vaccine with other less common ones, some of which are invasive or characterised by antibiotic-resistance. This replacement is only partially due to the vaccination. Many causes have been suggested to explain this effect: apearance of new serotypes, diffusion of minority serotypes and replacement of common serotypes due to natural secular trend.
Pneumococcus has a promiscuous ?sex life?, characterized by homologous recombinations within the same species and also between different species. This fact can unlock the secret of how these pathogens can develop antibiotic or vaccine-resistanceThe serotypic switch involves big loci that are responsible for capsular polysaccharide synthesis. The most important region of the genome involved in this process is near the gene tetM. The same mechanisms are also responsible for antibiotic resist- ance. In recent years the growth of penicillin, macrolides and clindamycine resistance has been noticed. It is also important to underline that multidrug-resistant bacteria isolation has increased.
In conclusion, to obtain more information about bacteria compo- sition and evolution, antibiotic-resistance and vaccine response, it is fundamental to improve the epidemiological surveillance of pneumococcal infections using modern molecular diagnostic techinques.
The full article is free available on www.jpmh.or
Association Between Mannose-bindingLectin Gene Polymorphisms and Necrotizing Enterocolitis in Preterm Infants.
Comparative analysis of rs12979860 SNP of the IFNL3 gene in children with hepatitis C and ethnic matched controls using 1000 Genomes Project data.
Vaccines Safety in Children and in General Population: A Pharmacovigilance Study on Adverse Events Following Anti-Infective Vaccination in Italy
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