Augmented alternative communication methods in intubated COPD patients: Does it make difference

Background: Intubated patients experience an intensified need to communicate while their ability to do so is compromised as the endotracheal tube prevents speech which creates patient agitation. Aim: To determine the impact of using augmented alternative communication methods on outcome of intubated COPD patients. Patients and methods: Sixty male COPD intubated patients at the pulmonary critical care unit Mansoura University hospital were randomly assigned into two groups of 30 patients for each. The control group involved patients receiving the routine nursing communication practices while the study group involved patients who utilized modified communication board and paper/pen as an augmented alternative communication methods. Unconscious patients, visual and/or hearing impairment were excluded. Patient satisfaction questionnaire (PSQ), Patient Communication level, duration of intubation and mortality were adopted as endpoints. Results: Based on PSQ, 10% in the study group were very dissatisfied compared to 53.33% in the control group the difference was statistically significant. On the other hand, 40% in the study group were very satisfied compared to 6.66% in the control which was a statistically significant increase p < 0.001. However, the mortality did not differ significantly in both groups 16.66% in the control group compared to 13.33% in the study group. Conclusion: Alternative communication methods can improve the level of satisfaction and decrease distress but it did not change mortality in intubated COPD patients

Epidemiological characterization of viral etiological agents of the central nervous system infections among hospitalized patients in Egypt between 2016 and 2019

Abstract Viral infections of the central nervous system (CNS) are common worldwide and result in considerable morbidity and mortality associated with neurologic illness. Until now, there have been no epidemiologic data regarding viruses causing aseptic meningitis, encephalitis, and CNS infections in Egypt. We investigated 1735 archived cerebrospinal fluid samples collected from Egyptian patients between 2016 and 2019 and performed molecular characterization for infection for12 different viruses: herpes simplex viruses 1 and 2 (HSV-1 and HSV-2), varicella-zoster virus (VZV), Epstein–Barr virus (EBV), cytomegalovirus (CMV), human herpesviruses 6 and 7 (HHV-6 and HHV-7), human enteroviruses (HEVs), human parechovirus (HPeV), parvovirus B19 (B19V), adenovirus (AdV), and mumps virus (MuV). All included samples were negative for bacterial infection. Our results indicated a relatively high prevalence of viral infection, with HEVs being the most prevalent viruses, followed by HSV-1, EBV, and then HSV-2. The highest prevalence was among male patients, peaking during the summer. Data obtained from this study will contribute to improving the clinical management of viral infections of the CNS in Egypt