KORIŠTENJE KONTRACEPCIJE I SPOLNO PONAŠANJE STUDENATA U BOSNI I HERCEGOVINI

The aim of the study was to establish the parameters of sexual behavior and contraception use among full time male students in Bosnia and Herzegovina. In a prospective study that included 2128 male students aged 19-24, an anonymous survey was conducted on sexual behavior and contraception use in four university cities in Bosnia and Herzegovina during the 2007-2009 period. Out of the total number of surveyed students (N=2118), 74.6% (n=1581) were sexually active and the largest number of students (16.7%, n=614) had sexual relations with one partner. In the group of subjects with one sex partner, there was a signifi cant difference according to universities (Cilj rada je defi nirati parametre spolnog ponašanja i upotrebu metoda kontracepcije kod redovnih studenata u BiH. Ispitanici i metode: U prospektivnoj studiji na 2.128 redovnih studenata, u dobi od 19 do 24. godine života provedena je anonimna anketa o spolnom ponašanju i korištenju kontracepcije u 4 univerzitetska grada u BiH u razdoblju od 2007. do 2009. god. Rezultati: Od ukupnog broja anketiranih studenata (N=2.118) spolno aktivnih je bilo 74,6 % (N=1.581), a najveći broj studenata - 16,7 % (N=614) imao je spolne odnose s jednim partnerom. U proporciji ispitanika s jednim spolnim partnerom postoji značajna razlika po univerzitetima za muške ispitanike (x2=13,62; p=0,009). Ne postoji značajna razlika u broju spolnih partnera studenata prema studijskim skupinama, prema proporciji ispitanika s jednim i dva partnera (x2=1,41; p=0,492), ali postoji značajna razlika po godinama studija studenata muškaraca (x2=10,13; p=0,038). Srednja dob seksarhe je 17,35±1,71 godina, te postoji statistički značajna razlika srednjih vrijednosti seksarhe (F(4,1576)=9,273; p<0,001). Kontracepciju je koristilo 74,3 % spolno aktivnih studenata. Kondom kao metodu kontracepcije koristili su u 79% (N=1249) slučajeva, a druge metode u 21 % (N=332) slučajeva. Zaključak: Porast spolne aktivnosti među studentima muškog spola registriran je uz visoku stopu korištenja kontracepcije tijekom spolnog odnosa

Implementation of the hemoprophylactic protocol in orthopedic surgery

Introduction: Antibiotic prophylaxis is defined as the use of antimicrobials in the absence of symptoms of infection, with the aim of preventing or reducing the incidence of infection after surgery. We analyzed the incidence of surgical wound infection in patients in whom a protection of hemoprophylaxis conducted using cefazolin and gentamicin, and determine the frequency of surgical wound infection in patients in whom there was a deviation in the implementation of hemoprophylaxis protection.Methods: This retrospective-prospective study included 100 patients surgically treated at the The Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, University Clinical Center in Tuzla from December 2007 to February 2010, which examined the incidence of surgical wound infection after surgical treatment of fractures or degenerative changes in the hip, thigh and lower leg fractures.Results: In the first group, in patients who were treated with cefazolin were detected in 2 cases (5.7%) while the length of hemoprophylaxis was 7 days, patients who were treated with cefazolin and gentamicin were detected in 1 case (2.8%) and duration hemoprophylaxis was 7 days. In another control group tah was found 9 cases of wound infection (30%), and hemoprophylaxis duration was 10 days.Conclusion: The combination of cefazolin and gentamycin for a period of 5 days significantly reduces the incidence of infection and significantly shortened the time of antibiotics in group that is respected application protocol in accordance with international recommendation

Frequency of neonatal complications after premature delivery

Introduction: Preterm delivery is the delivery before 37 weeks of gestation are completed. The incidence of preterm birth ranges from 5 to 15%. Aims of the study were to determine the average body weight, Apgar score after one and five minutes, and the frequency of the most common complications in preterminfants.Methods: The study involved a total of 631 newborns, of whom 331 were born prematurely Aims of this study were to (24th-37th gestational weeks-experimental group), while 300 infants were born in time (37-42 weeks of gestation-control group).Results: Average body weight of prematurely born infants was 2382 grams, while the average Apgar score in this group after the fi rst minute was 7.32 and 7.79 after the fifth minute. The incidence of respiratory distress syndrome was 50%, intracranial hemorrhage, 28.1% and 4.8% of sepsis. Respiratory distresssyndrome was more common in infants born before 32 weeks of gestation. Mortality of premature infants is present in 9.1% and is higher than that of infants born at term.Conclusions: Birth body weight and Apgar scores was lower in preterm infants. Respiratory distress syndrome is the most common fetal complication of prematurity. Intracranial hemorrhage is the second most common complication of prematurity. Mortality of premature infants is higher than the mortality of infants born at term birth

Frequency of neonatal complications after premature delivery

Introduction: Preterm delivery is the delivery before 37 weeks of gestation are completed. The incidence of preterm birth ranges from 5 to 15%. Aims of the study were to determine the average body weight, Apgar score after one and five minutes, and the frequency of the most common complications in preterm infants. Methods: The study involved a total of 631 newborns, of whom 331 were born prematurely Aims of this study were to (24th-37th gestational weeks-experimental group), while 300 infants were born in time (37-42 weeks of gestation-control group). Results: Average body weight of prematurely born infants was 2382 grams, while the average Apgar score in this group after the fi rst minute was 7.32 and 7.79 after the fifth minute. The incidence of respiratory distress syndrome was 50%, intracranial hemorrhage, 28.1% and 4.8% of sepsis. Respiratory distress syndrome was more common in infants born before 32 weeks of gestation. Mortality of premature infants is present in 9.1% and is higher than that of infants born at term. Conclusions: Birth body weight and Apgar scores was lower in preterm infants. Respiratory distress syndrome is the most common fetal complication of prematurity. Intracranial hemorrhage is the second most common complication of prematurity. Mortality of premature infants is higher than the mortality of infants born at term birth

Etiological factors of preterm delivery

<strong>Introduction:</strong> Preterm delivery is the delivery before 37 weeks of gestation are completed. Preterm birth is a major course of neonatal morbidity and mortality, the incidence of premature delivery in developed<br />countries is 5 to 9%. Aims of this study were to determine the common etiological factors for preterm delivery, most common weeks of gestation for pretern delivery, and most commom way of delivery for preterm delivery.<br /><strong>Methods:</strong> The study included 600 patients divided into two groups, experimental group (included 300 preterm delivered pregnant women), control group (included 300 term delivered women).<br /><strong>Results: </strong>The incidence of preterm delivery in pregnant women younger than 18 years was 4.4%, and in pregnant women older than 35 years was 14%. 44.6 % of preterm delivered women at the experimental<br />group had lower education. In the experimental group burdened obstetrical history had 29%, 17.2% had a preterm delivery, 35.6% had a premature rupture of membranes, 15% had a preterm delivery before<br />32 weeks of gestation, 12.4% between 32-33.6 weeks of gestation, while 72.6% of deliveries were between 34- 36.6 weeks of gestation. Multiple pregnancy as an etiological factor was present in 10.07% of<br />cases. Extragenital diseases were present in 10.4%. In the experimental group there were 29%, while in the control group there were 15% subjects with burdened obstetrical history.<br /><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Preterm birth more often occurs in a pregnant women younger than 18 and older than 35 years, and in a pregnant women of lower educational degree. Preterm delivery in the most common<br />cases was fi nished in period from 34 to 36.6 weeks of gestation. The most common etiological factor of preterm delivery in the experimental group was preterm rupture of membranes and idiopathic preterm<br />delivery

Use of colposcopy for detection of squamous intraepithelial lesions

Introduction   Pap smear, the main tool of cervical cancer screening is not always available, but some patients are in urgent need for proper diagnostic. Aim of this article was to investigate accuracy of colposcopy for detection of squamous intraepithelial lesions of low or high grade (LGSIL, HGSIL) and to promote colposcopy as useful tool for detection of patients in need for immediate further diagnostics.  Methods Prospective multicentric study performed in B&H in 2012 -2013 included 87 patients with colposcopic images related to squamous intraepithelial lesion (SIL) who formed experimental group: 56 patients with colposcopic images related to LGSIL and 31 patients related to HGSIL. Control group included 50 patients without colposcopic abnormalities. To test accuracy of colposcopy, PAP smear and histology were used. For statistical analysis χ2 was used. Results 94.5% patients in experimental group had abnormal PAP test:  64.3% correlated to LGSIL (χ2= 60.48 P < 0.0001), while 64.5% correlated to HGSIL (χ2 = 54.23 P<0.0001) Odds Ratio = 490; 95% CI = 42.024 to 5713.304).  HGSIL was confirmed in 27 (87%) cases by histology (CIN II /CIN III). There were no statistically significant differences between colposcopic finding and histology results (Yates-corrected χ2 = 0.33 P = .5637) Conclusions This study showed high level of correlation between colposcopy and PAP results    (63-64%) and to histology for HGSIL (87%). In absence of PAP test colposcopy could be used to select patients in need for biopsy

Use of colposcopy for detection of squamous intraepithelial lesions

Introduction   Pap smear, the main tool of cervical cancer screening is not always available, but some patients are in urgent need for proper diagnostic. Aim of this article was to investigate accuracy of colposcopy for detection of squamous intraepithelial lesions of low or high grade (LGSIL, HGSIL) and to promote colposcopy as useful tool for detection of patients in need for immediate further diagnostics. Methods Prospective multicentric study performed in B&amp;H in 2012 -2013 included 87 patients with colposcopic images related to squamous intraepithelial lesion (SIL) who formed experimental group: 56 patients with colposcopic images related to LGSIL and 31 patients related to HGSIL. Control group included 50 patients without colposcopic abnormalities. To test accuracy of colposcopy, PAP smear and histology were used. For statistical analysis χ2 was used.Results 94.5% patients in experimental group had abnormal PAP test:  64.3% correlated to LGSIL (χ2= 60.48 P &lt; 0.0001), while 64.5% correlated to HGSIL (χ2 = 54.23 P&lt;0.0001) Odds Ratio = 490; 95% CI = 42.024 to 5713.304).  HGSIL was confirmed in 27 (87%) cases by histology (CIN II /CIN III). There were no statistically significant differences between colposcopic finding and histology results (Yates-corrected χ2 = 0.33 P = .5637)Conclusions This study showed high level of correlation between colposcopy and PAP results    (63-64%) and to histology for HGSIL (87%). In absence of PAP test colposcopy could be used to select patients in need for biopsy

Use of colposcopy for detection of squamous intraepithelial lesions

Introduction   Pap smear, the main tool of cervical cancer screening is not always available, but some patients are in urgent need for proper diagnostic. Aim of this article was to investigate accuracy of colposcopy for detection of squamous intraepithelial lesions of low or high grade (LGSIL, HGSIL) and to promote colposcopy as useful tool for detection of patients in need for immediate further diagnostics.  Methods Prospective multicentric study performed in B&H in 2012 -2013 included 87 patients with colposcopic images related to squamous intraepithelial lesion (SIL) who formed experimental group: 56 patients with colposcopic images related to LGSIL and 31 patients related to HGSIL. Control group included 50 patients without colposcopic abnormalities. To test accuracy of colposcopy, PAP smear and histology were used. For statistical analysis χ2 was used. Results 94.5% patients in experimental group had abnormal PAP test:  64.3% correlated to LGSIL (χ2= 60.48 P < 0.0001), while 64.5% correlated to HGSIL (χ2 = 54.23 P<0.0001) Odds Ratio = 490; 95% CI = 42.024 to 5713.304).  HGSIL was confirmed in 27 (87%) cases by histology (CIN II /CIN III). There were no statistically significant differences between colposcopic finding and histology results (Yates-corrected χ2 = 0.33 P = .5637) Conclusions This study showed high level of correlation between colposcopy and PAP results    (63-64%) and to histology for HGSIL (87%). In absence of PAP test colposcopy could be used to select patients in need for biopsy