Direct and indirect aqueous mineralization using red gypsum for carbon dioxide sequestration

Carbon capture and storage is gaining prominence as a means of combating climate change. Mineral carbonation is the only known form of permanent and leakage-free carbon storage. The aim of this research was to investigate the suitability and feasibility of utilizing red gypsum as the calcium source for the mineral carbonation process. The physico-chemical analysis of red gypsum showed that calcium and iron are its major constituents, which makes it a highly suitable and potential feedstock for mineral carbonation. The direct carbonation of red gypsum showed that both the purity of the product and the efficiency of the reaction were very low even at elevated reaction temperature and CO2 pressure. The maximum CaCO3 purity of 23.63% and carbonation efficiency of 41.04% were achieved during direct aqueous carbonation of red gypsum. The red gypsum dissolution studies showed that H2SO4 resulted in higher calcium extraction efficiency compared to HCl and HNO3. Increasing the reaction temperature from 30 °C to 70 °C and also increasing the reaction time from 5 to 120 minutes were found to be effective in enhancing the degree of extraction for all three types of acid used. The maximum of 100% and 84.6% extraction efficiency was achieved for Ca and Fe, respectively. Kinetic analysis found that the dissolution rate of red gypsum is controlled by the combination of product layer diffusion and chemical reaction control. The carbonation efficiency was found to be in direct relationship with CO2 pressure where the maximum carbonation efficiency of 100% was achieved at 8 bar CO2 pressure. The pH swing experiments resulted in CaCO3 with a maximum purity of 98%. The pH swing carbonation of red gypsum could be further investigated as a promising method for large scale CO2 sequestration

Life Cycle Energy Balance Analysis for Producer Gas Production from Bio-oil for Power Generation

AbstractCatalytic reforming of bio-oil is one of the promising routes for the production of producer gas from renewable resources for power generation. This study evaluates the energy balance analysis for the production of producer gas and utilization of gas for power generation. A centralized unit of 10 MW power generation based on fuel gas produced from bio-oil reforming has been proposed at Sungai Rasau industrial area of Selangor state in Malaysia. The energy balance analysis of this study comprises of four stages which are oil palm plantation, palm oil mill extraction, production of bio-oil and reforming of bio-oil and utilization of fuel gas for power generation. The net energy balance for this analysis was found to be 3.81MJ kgfg-1 while net energy ratio was found to be 1.10

Ultrasound-Assisted CO2 Flooding to Improve Oil Recovery

The authors would like to gratefully acknowledge and appreciate the School of Engineering, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, Scotland, United Kingdom, for the provision of the laboratory facilities necessary for completing this work.Peer reviewedPostprin

Effects of ultrasonic waves on carbon dioxide solubility in brine at different pressures and temperatures

Peer reviewedPublisher PD

CO2 Storage in Low Permeable Carbonate Reservoirs: Permeability and Interfacial Tension (IFT) Changes During CO2 Injection in an Iranian Carbonate Reservoir

The lack of fundamental experimental studies on low permeable carbonate reservoirs for CO2 sequestration purposes is essential for further application of CO2 sequestration as a highly-anticipated CO2 mitigation method in deep saline aquifers, specifically those with low permeabilities. The core samples were taken from a carbonate reservoir in Iran and the brine composition was based on that of the same formation. The objective of this study is to investigate permeability alteration during CO2 sequestration in the aquifers of a low permeable Iranian carbonate reservoir. Various parameters have been investigated. The effects of different parameters such as injection pressure, confining pressure, and temperature on permeability alteration of the cores was investigated. Moreover, the interfacial tension (IFT) of CO2/brine was also determined at pressures and temperatures up to 7 MPa and 100 °C, respectively. The experimental results showed CO2 solubility and rock dissolution to be the governing mechanism when CO2 was injected into carbonate cores. The permeability measurements showed that permeability increases by increasing injection pressure and decreases by increasing confining pressure and temperature. The IFT measurement results showed that the IFT decreases significantly when there is an increase in pressure and temperature

Experimental Investigation of Interfacial Tension Measurement and Oil Recovery by Carbonated Water Injection : A Case Study Using Core Samples from an Iranian Carbonate Oil Reservoir

The authors would like to gratefully acknowledge and appreciate the Department of Petroleum Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Marvdasht Islamic Azad University, Marvdasht, 73711-13119, Iran, for the provision of the laboratory facilities necessary for completing this work.Peer reviewedPostprin

CO2 sequestration through direct aqueous mineral carbonation of red gypsum

The authors would like to appreciate the Department of Petroleum Engineering, Marvdasht Branch, Islamic Azad University, Marvdasht, Iran for the provision of the laboratory facilities necessary for completing this work.Peer reviewedPublisher PD

Experimental Investigation of Asphaltene Content Effect on Crude Oil/CO2 Minimum Miscibility Pressure

Minimum Miscibility Pressure (MMP) is regarded as one of the foremost parameters required to be measured in a CO2 injection process. Therefore, a reasonable approximation of the MMP can be useful for better development of injection conditions as well as planning surface facilities. In this study, the impact of asphaltene content ranging from 3.84 % to 16 % on CO2/heavy oil MMP is evaluated. In this respect, slim tube miscibility and Vanishing Interfacial Tension (VIT) tests are used. Regarding the VIT test, the Interfacial Tension (IFT) is measured by means of two methods including pendant drop and capillary apparatuses, and thereafter the MMP measurement error between slim tube and VIT methods are calculated. Based on the results, by increasing the asphaltene content, the measured MMP by slim tube method increases linearly while that by VIT follows no clear trend. The results also indicate that there is an asphaltene content range within which the MMP error between slim tube and VIT tests is minimized. IFT measurement by pendant drop and Capillary Glass Tube (CGT) methods show that by increasing asphaltene content up to 10.15 %, IFT declines, whereas for further increase in content, IFT increases because of the irregular dispersion of asphaltene in oil droplets

CO2 sequestration using red gypsum via pH-swing process : Effect of carbonation temperature and NH4HCO3 on the process efficiency

The authors would like to appreciate the Department of Petroleum Engineering, Marvdasht Branch, Islamic Azad University, Marvdasht, Iran for the provision of the laboratory facilities necessary for completing this work. We would also like to thank Dr. Peter Dunning from University of Aberdeen for English proofreading of this manuscript.Peer reviewedPostprin

Mechanistic Investigation of LSW/Surfactant/Alkali Synergism for Enhanced Oil Recovery : Fluid-Fluid Interactions

Funding Information: The authors would like to gratefully acknowledge and appreciate the Department of Petroleum Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Marvdasht Islamic Azad University (Marvdasht, Iran), and the School of Engineering, University of Guelph (Guelph, Canada), for supporting this work.Peer reviewedPublisher PD