2ارتباط شادکامی با فشارخون و قند خون در بزرگسالان مبتلا به دیابت نوع

مقدمه دیابت علاوه بر آسیب به کلیه، چشم و درگیری اعصاب بدن، منجر به افزایش فسردگی و اختلالات روانی شده و با توجه به شیوع بالا و انجام اندک مطالعاتی در این زمینه، پژوهش حاضر به منظور بررسی ارتباط شادکامی با فشار خون و قند خون در بزرگسالان مبتلا به دیابت نوع دو انجام گردید. مواد و روش ها پژوهش توصیفی )مورد-شاهدی( حاضر در مورد مبتلایان به دیابت نوع 2 و افراد غیر دیابتی مراجعه کننده به مرکز غربالگری دیابت جنوب تهران انجام شد. دادهها با استفاده از SPSS مستقل، آنالیز واریانس و ضریب همبستگی پیرسون به کمک نرم افزار t آزمون آماری تحلیل شد. v.22 یافته ها 113/33+25/ 111 و در دیابتیها 11 /13+11/ میانگین امتیاز شادکامی در غیر دیابتی ها 50 و فشارخون سیستولی در گروه غیر دیابتی )P =5/ بود. شادکامی با عدم ابتلا به دیابت، ) 512 رابطه معنیداری نشان داد. بین شادکامی و قند خون ناشتا در افراد غیر دیابتی )P=5/550( رابطه معنیدار وجود داشت. همچنین بین شادکامی و سن )P=5/ و دیابتی ) 54 )P=5/50( همبستگی آماری معنیدار و معکوس مشاهده شد. اما شادکامی با )P=5/523, r= -5/142( شاخص توده بدن، فشارخون دیاستول و کلسترول تام هر دو گروه ارتباط معنی داری نداشت. نتیجه گیری کنترل فشار خون سیستولی در افراد غیر دیابتی و قند خون ناشتا بر پیشگیری از ابتلا به بیماری های مزمن از جمله دیابت و بیماری قلبی در افراد سالم نقش مهمی دارد. همچنین کنترل این عوامل در افراد دیابتی در جلوگیری از پیشرفت عوارض دیابت موثر است. بنابراین ضرورت قرارگیری ایجاد شادکامی در برنامههای سلامت کشور در جهت ارتقاء سلامتی افراد احساس میشود

Happiness Among College Students: A Cross-Sectional Web-Based Study Among Iranian Medical Students

Background: During the recent decades, happiness and psychological wellbeing have been among the most attractive issues for researchers in the fields of social sciences and health. Medical and paramedical students in comparison with other college students are less happy due to work circumstance in hospital and special education. Objectives: The aim of the present study was to evaluate happinessamongcollege students of Qazvin University of Medical Sciences in terms of socio-demographic variables. Materials and Methods: In this cross-sectional web-based study, all the students of Qazvin University of Medical Sciences in Iran who had course classes were invited to participate in the study and 541 students filled out the web-based questionnaire including questions for measuring happiness oxford happiness questionnaire (OHQ), health status, stress experience in the past six months, cigarette and hookah smoking, physical activity rapid assessment of physical activity (RAPA), as well as socio-economic and demographic information. Results: The mean happiness score was 114.59 ± 18.31. Socio-economic status, physical activity, and experience of stress in the last 6 months were related to the happiness score (P = 0.009, P < 0.001, P < 0.001, respectively). However, gender, cigarette smoking, hookah smoking and body mass index were not significantly correlated with happiness. Conclusions: The findings of the present study show that a happiness score among our sample study was slightly low and people with high happiness scores had a healthier lifestyle, i.e. more physical activity and less tobacco smoking. College students should be encouraged to do regular exercise as a way to increase the happiness level. Keywords: Happiness, Tobacco Smoking, Life Satisfaction, Physical Activity, Student

Time-related meal patterns and breakfast quality in a sample of Iranian adults

Abstract Background Some evidence shows that meal timing is associated with diet quality. We aimed to investigate the relationship between meal timing and breakfast quality in a sample of Iranian adults. Methods This cross-sectional study was conducted on 850 men and women living in Tehran, Iran. Dietary data was recorded by three non-consecutive 24-h dietary recalls. The Breakfast Quality Index (BQI) was calculated. Time-related meal patterns included the interval between the first and last meal (eating and fasting window), frequency of meals, length of sleep, and time of first and last eating occasion. The multiple linear regression analysis was used to identify the relationships between time-related meal patterns and BQI. Results The mean (95% CI) of BQI was 4.52 (4.45–4.65) and the maximum was 8. Bread, cheese, vegetables, fruits, energy, and carbohydrate intake showed positive associations with BQI scores. Longer fasting time showed a positive association with fruits (β (CI 95%)) (0.11 (0.0003–0.005), and vegetable consumption (0.12 (0.009–0.07)) and BQI score (0.39 (0.001–0.06)). Time of first eating occasions indicated a negative association with protein and fat intake and BQI score. Time of last eating occasions showed a positive association with vegetables consumption and BQI score. The longer length of sleep was associated with a higher BQI score. The frequency of meals was significantly and positively related to energy and macronutrients intake and BQI. Conclusion Earlier first and last meal, longer sleep length, longer fasting window, and a greater meal frequency were associated with a better breakfast quality