An Analysis of the Use of Suspense in the Plot Development of Agatha Christie's Tape-measure Murder

Detective fiction is one of the most popular narrative genres today. It includes any story that has a crime and its solution as a central feature of its plot. In detective fictions, suspense plays a very important role and it supports the development of the plot. This paper focuses on the use of suspense in the plot development of the detective short story Tape-measure Murder written by Agatha Christie. The research was carried out to analyse the phases of the plot and to classify the types of suspense used in the story and to investigate the impact of suspense on the plot development of the story. In conduction this research, the phases of the plot were analysed by applying Pyramid Theory proposed by Gustav Freytag (1900) and the types of suspense occurred in each phase were classified by applying the classification of suspense proposed by Nino and Tarmar (2013) and Reedsy (2018). According to the research, the use of horrific suspense is mostly found to express the fact that each occurance of suspense affects the plot to be more horrific and shocking. It is found out that the use of suspense in the plot development provides a satisfactory impact on the readers who love detective fictions as it promotes their critical thinking and problem-solving skills together with the detectives. It is hoped that detective stories can be used as classroom materials in teaching English Literature

Hemoglobin E prevalence in malaria-endemic villages in Myanmar.

The population of Myanmar comprises 8 major indigenous races (Bamar, Kayin, Kachin, Shan, Rakhine, Mon, Chin, and Kayah). The Bamar reside in the 7 central divisions of the country, and the others reside in the 7 peripheral states that border neighboring countries, including China, Laos, and Thailand in the east and India and Bangladesh in the west. Both malaria and HbE are endemic in Myanmar, although the actual prevalence of the latter in the different indigenous races is not yet known. Hemoglobin electrophoresis was performed in 4 malaria-endemic villages, each having a different predominating indigenous race. The overall prevalence of HbE was 11.4% (52/456 villagers), ranging from 2-6% in the Kayin-predominant villages to 13.1-24.4% in the Bamar-predominant villages. Although the overall HbE prevalence in the villages studied was not significantly different from that of the general Myanmar population, this study strongly documented the influence of racial differences on the prevalence of HbE in Myanmar. To prevent and control severe thalassemia syndromes in Myanmar, extensive prevalence studies of the country?s indigenous races are suggested.</p

A Study of the Prayers and Curses as Contained in the Bagan Inscriptions

Prayers and curses are expression of emotions that comes to human's feeling. Prayers and curses come from love and anger. The Bagan inscriptions which include prayers and curses will be extracted from Ancient Burmese inscriptions Volume I, II and III. There will be an analysis of the meaning of prayers and swearings according to their categories. The purpose of this paper is to know the curses and prayers and to avoid doing evil deeds, and to do good deeds after knowing them. Although there is no prayer and swearing according to the Theravada Buddhism, prayer and swearing occurs according to the belief of the fruit of Kamma. This will be presented in this paper

Development of Better Time and Cost Plan by Integrating Information in a Construction Project

Commonly, there are no compactible and integrated models among architecture, structure and mechanical and electrical engineering yet before actual construction starts. As a consequence, many problems such as time and cost overruns, quality improvement, etc occur in almost every project. This study aims to reduce problems in construction mentioned by the aid of advanced technique BIM (Building Information Modelling). As a case study, commercial building construction in Mandalay is selected. Firstly, time and resource scheduling and cost estimations are done by using collected datas based on individual drawings from different designers such as architects, structure and M&amp;E engineers. As a result, estimated construction time is about seven years and total construction cost is 58571 lakhs. As an alternative way, firstly, clashes due to inconsistencies among architectural, structural and M&amp;E drawings are checked by using Revit software. Then, the coordination is done by using interference check. At the end of the check, the coordinated structure (structure with elements at right positions) is obtained and depicted in accordance with phases of construction. Then, time and resource scheduling are done by using Microsoft Project software based on the construction phases. As a result of Microsoft Project software, the estimated time is five years and construction cost is 54325 lakhs. So, estimated time and cost by applying BIM technique are 30% and 10% less than usual estimation respectively. This paper concludes that time and cost control can be best done with the aid of BIM technique

Development of Radio Wave Propagation Model in Indoor Non-Line-of-Sight (NLOS) Scenario

To improve the performance of an indoor WLAN, it is very important to estimate specific received signal strength based on experimental and predicting data. As the design of building layouts and constructed building materials modernize and are complex, it is difficult to estimate the received signal strength values according to those building structure. For this reason, this research develops a new radio wave propagation model for  indoor Non-Line-of-Sight (NLOS) scenarios with the help of TP-LINK router .In order to develop the proposed model, the free space model is modified by considering the influence of corridor conditions on each floor based on ray tracing technique at a carrier frequency range of 2.4GHz. Using this model, indoor received signal strength values can be estimated according to the geometrical plan in modeling of indoor radio wave propagation. The performance comparison of channel capacity is implemented with various frequency ranges using MATLAB programming language. The recommendation results from experimental data and proposed model will help wireless network system designers in optimization overall cost effect

Epidemiological survey on porcine cysticercosis in Nay Pyi Taw Area,

Cross-sectional surveys were conducted to determine the prevalence and associated risk factors of Taenia solium cysticercosis in pigs within Nay Pyi Taw area, Myanmar. Meat inspection in three slaughterhouses, ELISA test, and questionnaire surveys were conducted in this study. Three hundred pigs were inspected in slaughterhouses and 364 pigs were randomly selected and examined from 203 households from three townships in Nay Pyi Taw area. The prevalence of porcine cysticercosis in meat inspection was 23.67% (71/300). Seroprevalence of T. solium cysticercosis in pigs in the study area was 15.93% (58/364). Significant associated risk factors with T. solium cysticercosis were gender (OR = 3.0; 95% CI = 1.7-5.4), increased age (OR = 2.3; 95% CI = 1.2-4.2), husbandry system (OR = 5.1; 95% CI = 2.4-11.2), feed type (OR = 16.9; 95% CI = 2.3-124.3), not using anthelmintics in pigs (OR = 11.9; 95% CI = 5.0-28.5), not using anthelmintics in owner (OR = 2.5; 95% CI = 1.4-4.4), no hand-washing before feeding (OR = 31.5; 95% CI = 4.3-230.9), and pork consumption of owner (OR = 37.4; 95% CI = 9.0-156.1) in the study area. This is the first report of porcine cysticercosis in Myanmar

Factors associated with psychological distress among Myanmar residents during COVID-19 pandemic crises

Background: COVID-19 pandemic reached a public health emergency status of international concern. The impacts and events associated with this were associated with adverse psychological impacts among the general public globally. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of psychological distress and to identify predictors associated with psychological distress due to the COVID-19 pandemic among the population in Myanmar. Design and Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted from March to April 2020 among adults, 18 years old and above, who reside in Myanmar through a structured questionnaire distributed in social media platforms. Univariate and Bivariate analyses were used to estimate the prevalence of COVID-19 Peritraumatic Distress Index (CPDI) symptoms and to test the associations between CPDI and the exposure variables. Logistic Regression Analysis was done to identify significant predictors of distress. Results: There were 530 participants in this study.37.4% of them did not have psychological distress,55.6% experienced mild to moderate psychological distress, and 7% experienced severe psychological distress due to COVID-19 pandemic. Simple and Multiple Logistic Regression Analyses were performed to determine the factors associated with psychological distress due to COVID-19. Conclusions: It was shown that the self-employed group and age group older than 45 years old had more psychological distress than others. However, Buddhists and people from the capital city had less distress than other religions and districts. This study recommends the government to develop better strategies for self-employed groups, elders, and the poor for a support, relief, and resettlement of their ruined status

Pilot study on depression among secondary school students in Selangor

A cross sectional descriptive study of 2048 subjects was conducted to determine the prevalence of depression and factors influencing depression among students in secondary school from urban and rural areas in the state of Selangor. Malaysia. The children's depression inventory (COl) developed by Maria Kovacs was used in this study. Students who participated in this study come from two urban schools and three rural schools. It was found that in the yield for scores for five factors were 9.2% have negative mood. 5% have interpersonal problems. 8.3% have ineffectiveness. 9.8% have anhedonia and 10.6% have negative self esteem. Following the interpretive guidelines for the T-scores. it was found that 10.3% of the students were much above average in the depression scale. This study also found that: 1% of students were smoking. 1.6% of students were gum sniffling. 0.9% took drugs. 4.1 % took alcohol and 9.9% took things from other people. Females were more depressed than males. The Chinese students were more depressed compared to Indian students. Students whose parents had no formal education or had only primary education were more depressed than students whose parents had secondary. college or university education. Depression increased with increasing number of siblings. Depression contributed to the habit of drug abuse. gum sniffing and stealing but not to smoking and alcohol abuse. Suicidal tendencies were more likely among the depressed students. It is imperative that not only caregivers but also teachers have to be equipped with the knowledge. attitude and skills to assist secondary school children cope with their emotions. handle conflicts and manage stress early so that a more productive society will develop in the future

Prediction of Storm Surge and Risk Assessment of Rakhine Costal Region

Rakhine coastal region, western coast of Myanmar, is prone to cyclone and storm surge flooding. The probability of cyclone in Rakhine coast is more than those of any other places of Myanmar coast. That’s why, it is very essential to develop storm surge risk maps for Rakhine state. The study area for numerical simulation covers the latitude 14° to 22° N and longitude 89.8° to 98.1° E. Five historical storm surge heights along the coast are determined both by empirical equation and simulated using Delft 3D numerical model coupling with Delft Dashboard and, compared with observed peak surge. Hazard maps of storm surge are developed by modelling three cyclone scenarios for respective recurrence interval. In this study, population data, housing data and livelihood data of Rakhine State during the period of 2010 are adopted for vulnerability analysis. Vulnerable maps for human and social sector, physical infrastructure sector and production sector are developed by using Analytical Hierarchy Process. Finally, risk maps for population, production, infrastructure and livelihood sector of Rakhine State by village tracts are developed by using ArcGIS 10.3

Prevalence of Depression and its Associated Factors Among Adults during Third Wave of COVID-19 Pandemic in Malaysia, 2021

Malaysia recently entered third-wave of COVID-19 pandemic starting from October 2020 to end of January 2021. Therefore, objective of our study was to identify the prevalence of depression and its associated factors among adults during third wave of COVID-19 pandemic in Malaysia. A total of 1468 Malaysian adults participated in this cross-sectional web-based survey. A standardized questionnaire was generated using the Google Form, and the link was shared through social media such as Facebook, Twitter, Instagram and WhatsApp. Patient Health Questionnaires (PHQ-9) was used to assess the levels of depression. Among 1468 participants, 320 (22 %) and 358 (24.6 %) indicated to have moderate to severe depression during third-wave of COVID-19 in Malaysia. Multiple predictors were identified that contributed to depression. These included female gender, family’s source income affected by the pandemic, do not perform exercise, victim of abuse and those with family and/or friends infected with COVID-19 virus. COVID-19 pandemic had caused the implementation of lockdown and physical distancing in Malaysia and nations across the globe. The pandemic had brought serious negative impacts on mental health of the adults especially depression especially during third wave of pandemic. The findings of our study suggested that new interventions or strategies are needed to be developed to address the severity of depression among Malaysian adults