Status of Health related Quality of life between HBV and HCV Patients of Pakistan

The aim of the study is to explore the factors those differentiate health related quality of life (HRQOL) among hepatitis B (HBV) and hepatitis C (HCV) patients. Different public and private hospitals of Sargodha district were visited and 120 patients of hepatitis B and C were interviewed. World health related quality of life-BREF (WHOQOL-BREF) questionnaire was used to construct HRQOL instrument. Multiple regression analysis was performed to observe the collision of demographic, medical, economic and physical and psychological factors on patients HRQOL. Results showed that HBV patients enjoyed better HRQOL then HCV patients. 86.4% HCV patients faces death threat while, 67.3% HBV faces this threat. 93.5% HBV patients feels depression while, 97.8% HCV patients feels depression. Urban patients HRQOL scores were superior then rural patients in both HCV and HBV case. Moreover, male patients HRQOL scores were better as compared to female patients. Age of the patient, disease severity, use of drug, pain, depression, financial hindrance and threat of death negatively influence the HRQOL of both HBV and HCV patients while, vaccination, income, sleep, opportunity of leisure and better living condition were positively related to HRQOL.Sargodha; HBV; HCV; Pakistan

The roman conquered by delay: reducing the number of preemptions using sleep states

Sleep-states are emerging as a first-class design choice in energy minimization. A side effect of this is that the release behavior of the system is affected and subsequently the preemption relations between tasks. In a first step we have investigated how the behavior in terms of number of preemptions of tasks in the system is changed at runtime, using an existing procrastination approach, which utilizes sleepstates for energy savings purposes. Our solution resulted in substantial savings of preemptions and we expect from even higher yields for alternative energy saving algorithms. This work is intended to form the base of future research, which aims to bound the number of preemptions at analysis time and subsequently how this may be employed in the analysis to reduced the amount of system utilization, which is reserved to account for the preemption delay

Device power management for real-time embedded systems

A large part of power dissipation in a system is generated by I/O devices. Increasingly these devices provide power saving mechanisms to inter alia enhance battery life. While I/O device scheduling has been studied in the past for realtime systems, the use of energy resources by these scheduling algorithms may be improved. These approaches are crafted considering a huge overhead of device transition. The technology enhancement has allowed the hardware vendors to reduce the device transition overhead and energy consumption. We propose an intra-task device scheduling algorithm for real time systems that allows to shut-down devices while ensuring the system schedulability. Our results show an energy gain of up to 90% in the best case when compared to the state-of-the-art

Energy-conscious tasks partitioning onto a heterogeneous multi-core platform

Modern multicore processors for the embedded market are often heterogeneous in nature. One feature often available are multiple sleep states with varying transition cost for entering and leaving said sleep states. This research effort explores the energy efficient task-mapping on such a heterogeneous multicore platform to reduce overall energy consumption of the system. This is performed in the context of a partitioned scheduling approach and a very realistic power model, which improves over some of the simplifying assumptions often made in the state-of-the-art. The developed heuristic consists of two phases, in the first phase, tasks are allocated to minimise their active energy consumption, while the second phase trades off a higher active energy consumption for an increased ability to exploit savings through more efficient sleep states. Extensive simulations demonstrate the effectiveness of the approach

THE INFLUENCE OF INTEGRATED GUID INQUIRY LEARNING MODEL TECHNOLOGICAL PEDAGOGICAL CONTENT KNOWLEDGE CONCEPT ORGANIZATIONAL SYSTEMS OF LIVING THINGS ON METACOGNITIVE SKILLS AND CRITICAL THINKING ABILITY OF STUDENTS JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL (SMP) BURU

The guided inquiry learning model integrated with Technological Pedagogical Content Knowledge is a combination of learning models and approaches that utilize technology in the learning process. This study aims to improve students metacognitive skills and critical thinking skills. The material taught in this study is the system of living organizations (cells). This research was conducted in February 2021 in Buru District, Maluku Province. This research was conducted in three schools namely SMP Negeri 5 Buru, SMP Negeri 9 Buru and SMP Negeri 16 Buru, by using a quasi-experimental design type. The populations of this study were VII.a and VII.b at SMP Negeri 5 Buru, SMP Negeri 9 Buru and SMP Negeri 16 Buru, each with a total of 66 students. Data analysis used the Non-Parametric test with the Chi-Square test. The results of this study indicate that, in the metacognitive study there was no effect on SMP Negeri 5 Buru experimental and control classes and experimental class SMP Negeri 9 Buru with a sig > 0.05, while in the control class SMP Negeri 9 Buru and experimental and control classes at SMP Negeri 16 Buru the sig <0.05 it can be concluded that it has an effect. On critical thinking skills at SMP Negeri 5 Buru, SMP Negeri 9 Buru and at SMP Negeri 16 Buru in the experimental and control class the value is sig <0.05. Based on these data, it can be concluded that there is an influence of the guided inquiry learning model integrated with Technological Pedagogical Content Knowledge on students' critical thinking skills. &nbsp

Barriers to Customer Integration into New Product Development Process: A Case of Apparel Industry in Pakistan

In recent years,multinationals developed close relationship with customers by integrating theminto NPD process which reduced switching and increased satisfaction. While SMEsfaced severe breakdowns due to product failures led by customerdissatisfaction. A reason for this switching is prohibition of customerintegration into NPD process. Within this context, the objective is to identifythose potential reasons which become the source of non-integration. Data forthis study was derived for a survey carried out in 25 SMEs (apparel). Anexploratory factor analysis, correlation analysis, ANOVA and descriptive statswere utilized to discover the potential of various barriers. Out of allbarriers, lack of awareness, trust and compatibility were potential barriersfound positively related with non-integration. Non/less experienced firmsshowed lack of awareness which led them to lack of trust while experiencedfirms lacked flexibility in integrating customers. Locally operating SMEsshowed lack of awareness and trust while firms at regional level were foundmore aware but refused the importance of integration. This study is focusing oncustomer integration into the SMEs sector has many implications forprofessionals and organizations

Pakistan’s International Relations and Its Foreign Policy

The objective of a foreign policy is to achieve bilateralism with countries with somewhat same ideology, also to make a trade policy which is beneficial for economic development of the country, thirdly the most important concern of the state is national security of its citizens and its borders from external and internal threat. The countries like Turkey and South Korea had been success full cases of foreign policy but it’s not possible in real world to replicate the policy of other countries in one respective countries because the situation of each country is different from the others, and Pakistan is experiencing some extraordinary international problems and pressure that not one policy is enough and hence a policy mix consisting on Monroe Doctrine, Mercantilist view and some other are suggested. Keywords: Monroe Doctrine, national security, Mercantilist view Foreign policy, trad

EFFECTIVENESS OF SOURSOP LEAF EXTRACT (Annona muricata .L.) ON THE MORTALITY OF GRAYCOOL CATERPRISES (Spodoptera litura)

Annona muricata extract with a concentration of 20% during the day showed an average value of 29%, the afternoon 1:14%, whereas 40% at a concentration of 29% the morning, during the day 86%, and afternoon 1.14%. Concentration of 60% and 1.14% morning, afternoon and evening 1.43% 1.14%. Results of Kruskal-Wallis statistics on mortality of Spodoptera litura showed a significant difference between the P values ​​indicated by early spraying time (0.317), noon (0.254), and late (1,000). With treatment A.muricata extract statistical results Kruskal-Wallis P value <0.05. A.muricata extract treatment given to the mustard plant as much as 10 ml each spraying. Based on the observation and analysis of the data it can be concluded that the extract of A. muricata at a concentration of 20%, 40%, and 60% can affect the mortality of Spodoptera litura