Regression calibration for Cox regression under heteroscedastic measurement error - Determining risk factors of cardiovascular diseases from error-prone nutritional replication data

For instance nutritional data are often subject to severe measurement error, and an adequate adjustment of the estimators is indispensable to avoid deceptive conclusions. This paper discusses and extends the method of regression calibration to correct for measurement error in Cox regression. Special attention is paid to the modelling of quadratic predictors, the role of heteroscedastic measurement error, and the efficient use of replicated measurements of the surrogates. The method is used to analyze data from the German part of the MONICA cohort study on cardiovascular diseases. The results corroborate the importance of taking into account measurement error carefully

New Physics at the International Facility for Antiproton and Ion Research (FAIR) Next to GSI

The project of the international Facility for Antiproton and Ion Research (FAIR), co-located to the GSI facility in Darmstadt, has been officially started on November 7, 2007. The current plans of the facility and the planned research program will be described. An investment of about 1 billion euro will permit new physics programs in the areas of low and medium energy antiproton research, heavy ion physics complementary to LHC, as well as in nuclear structure and astrophysics. The facility will comprise about a dozen accelerators and storage rings, which will enable simultaneous operations of up to four different beams.Comment: 7 pages, 1 figure. Invited Talk presented at the "Fourth International Conference on Fission and Properties of Neutron-Rich nuclei", held at Sanibel Island, Florida, November 11-17, 200

Penerapan Model Pembelajaran Langsung Untuk Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar Matematika Siswa Kelas III Sdn Ngagel Rejo Iii/398 Surabaya

Tugas utama seorang guru adalah bertanggung jawab membantu anak didik dalam hal belajar. Dalam proses belajar mengajar, gurulah yang menyampaikan pelajaran, memecahkan masalah-masalah yang terjadi dalam kelas, membuat evaluasi belajar siswa, baik sebelum, sedang maupun sesudah pelajaran berlangsung. Permasalahan yang ingin dikaji dalam penelitian tindakan ini adalah Penelitian ini berdasarkan permasalahan: (1) Bagaimanakah aktivitas guru dalam penerapan model pembelajaran langsung untuk meningkatkan hasil belajar matematika siswa kelas III SDN Ngagel Rejo III/398 Surabaya? (2) Bagaimanakah aktivitas belajar siswa dalam penerapan model pembelajaran langsung untuk meningkatkan hasil belajar matematika siswa kelas III SDN Ngagel Rejo III/398 Surabaya? (3) Bagaimanakah hasil belajar siswa setelah penerapan model pembelajaran langsung untuk meningkatkan hasil belajar matematika siswa kelas III SDN Ngagel Rejo III/398 Surabaya?.Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah: (1) Mendeskripsikan aktivitas guru dalam penerapan model pembelajaran langsung untuk meningkatkan hasil belajar matematika siswa kelas III SDN Ngagel Rejo III/398 Surabaya. (2)Mendeskripsikan aktivitas belajar siswa dalam penerapan model pembelajaran langsung untuk meningkatkan hasil belajar matematika siswa kelas III SDN Ngagel Rejo III/398 Surabaya. (3) Mendeskripsikan hasil belajar siswa setelah penerapan model pembelajaran langsung untuk meningkatkan hasil belajar matematika siswa kelas III SDN Ngagel Rejo III/398 Surabaya. Dari hasil analisis didapatkan bahwa dengan penerapan model pembelajaran langsung proses pelaksanaan pembelajaran Matematika berjalan aktif dan keaktifan siswa semakin aktif. persentase ketuntasan prestasi belajar siswa mengalami peningkatan dari siklus I sampai siklus II yaitu, siklus I (65,71%), siklus II (94,29%) . Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini adalah penerapan model pembelajaran langsung berdampak positif terhadap keaktifan siswa sehingga berpengaruh terhadap hasil belajar siswa dalam pelajaran Matematika, sehingga model pembelajaran ini bisa digunakan sebagai alternatif untuk meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa dalam proses pembelajaran

Restoration of peatlands and greenhouse gas balances

In this chapter the impact of peatland restoration on greenhouse gas fluxes is discussed based on a literature review. Casestudies are presented covering different peatland types, different regions and different starting conditions

Measurement of the Blackbody Radiation Shift of the 133Cs Hyperfine Transition in an Atomic Fountain

We used a Cs atomic fountain frequency standard to measure the Stark shift on the ground state hyperfine transiton frequency in cesium (9.2 GHz) due to the electric field generated by the blackbody radiation. The measures relative shift at 300 K is -1.43(11)e-14 and agrees with our theoretical evaluation -1.49(07)e-14. This value differs from the currently accepted one -1.69(04)e-14. The difference has a significant implication on the accuracy of frequency standards, in clocks comparison, and in a variety of high precision physics tests such as the time stability of fundamental constants.Comment: 4 pages, 2 figures, 2 table

Irradiation study of a fully monolithic HV-CMOS pixel sensor design in AMS 180 nm

High-Voltage Monolithic Active Pixel Sensors (HV-MAPS) based on the 180 nm HV-CMOS process have been proposed to realize thin, fast and highly integrated pixel sensors. The MuPix7 prototype, fabricated in the commercial AMS H18 process, features a fully integrated on-chip readout, i.e. hit-digitization, zero suppression and data serialization. It is the first fully monolithic HV-CMOS pixel sensor that has been tested for the use in high irradiation environments like HL-LHC. We present results from laboratory and test beam measurements of MuPix7 prototypes irradiated with neutrons (up to $5.0\cdot10^{15}{\,\rm{n}_{\rm{eq}}/cm^2}$) and protons (up to $7.8\cdot 10^{15} \,\rm{protons}/cm^2$) and compare the performance with non-irradiated sensors. Efficiencies well above 90 % at noise rates below 200 Hz per pixel are measured. A time resolution better than 22 ns is measured for all tested settings and sensors, even at the highest irradiation fluences. The data transmission at 1.25 Gbit/s and the on-chip PLL remain fully functional

Soil and Phyllosphere Microorganisms of the Rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) Holobiont Involved in Chloromethane Emissions

Brassica napus, or rapeseed, is one major oilseed crop in Europe and Germany and is used for food, feed, and Biodiesel production. Chloromethane (CH3Cl) is the most abundant halogenated organic compound in the atmosphere and triggers the chlorine-mediated destruction of the ozone layer. Anthropogenic sources became negligible because of taken measures according to the Montreal Protocol (1987) and therefore natural sources such as plants became more relevant for the global chloromethane budget. The actual global budget is imbalanced through missing sinks, which may be activities of soil and phyllosphere microbiomes which together with the plant is considered as the holobiont. The amount of CH3Cl from crops has not been addressed and might even increase under stresses such as elevated soil salinization and temperature. We proved that B. napus (rapeseed) plants emit CH3Cl. Certain methylotrophs (microorganisms that utilize one-carbon compounds) degrade CH3Cl and can gain a selective advantage while colonizing plants. Moreover, methylotrophs thrive in the rhizosphere of grassland plants. The rapeseed associated microbiome likely harbours methylotrophs that degrade CH3Cl. Therefore, we addressed in this study the rapeseed holobiont to resolve its response to stressors such as salt and temperature in regard to CH3Cl emission. We addressed in our project the following objectives: (i) To measure CH3Cl emission rates from single B. napus holobionts under different NaCl and temperature stress levels in pot experiments, (ii) to assess the B. napus microbiome and its CH3Cl degradation ability through amplicon sequencing of bacterial 16S rRNA genes and functional gene markers. The summer cultivar MAKRO was used as a model organism. We identified methylotrophs that responded to salt and temperature stress conditions in the phyllo- and rhizosphere of rapeseed and correlated those to the observed net emission rates