CAN ECO-LABELING DO MORE HARM THAN GOOD? A COMPARATIVE STATICS ANALYSIS

This paper uses a two-product partial equilibrium model with demand- and supply-side substitution effects to identify supply and demand conditions under which eco-labeling would be most and least effective. The results suggest that eco-labeling is most effective at reducing environmentally harmful production when it leads to a decrease in demand for unlabeled products and producers respond to non-price incentives in adopting the certified methods. The analysis demonstrates that consumer willingness-to-pay a premium and the potential demand for an eco-labeled product do not provide the best indication of an eco-labeling program's effectiveness at reducing adverse environmental impacts.Environmental Economics and Policy,

In Search of Canaan

Word spread across the southern farm country, and into the minds of those who labored over cotton or sugar crops, that the day of reckoning was near at hand, that the Lord had answered black prayers with the offer of deliverance in a western Eden. In this vast state where Brown had caused blood to flow in his righteous wrath, there was said to be land for all, and land especially for poor blacks who for so long had cherished the thought of a tiny patch of America that they could call their own. The soil was said to be free for the taking, and even better, passage to the prairie Canaan was rumored to be available to all. . . . Thus began a pellmell land rush to Kansas, an unreasoned, almost mindless exodus from the South toward some vague ideal, some western paradise, where all cares would vanish.In Search of Canaan tells the story of the Black migration from areas of the South to Kansas and other Midwestern and Western states that occurred soon after the end of Reconstruction. Working almost entirely from primary sources—letters of some of the black migrants, government investigative reports, and black newspapers—Robert G. Athearn describes and explains the “Exoduster” movement and sets it into perspective as a phenomenon in Western history.The book begins with details of Exodusters on the move. Athearn then fills in the background of why they were moving; relates how other people—Black and white, Northern and Southern—felt about the movement; examines political considerations; and finally, evaluates the episode and provides an explanation as to why it failed. According to Athearn, the exodus spoke in a narrower sense of Black emigrants who sought frontier farms, but in the main it told more about a nation whose wounds had been bound but had not yet healed. The Republicans, without any issues of consequence in 1880, gave the flight national importance in the hope that it would gain votes for them and, at the same time, reduce the South’s population and hence its representation in Congress. Thousands of Black Americans, many of them former slaves, were deluded by false promises made by individual interests. As the hawkers of glad tidings beckoned to the easily convinced, the word “Kansas” became equated with the word “freedom.” Emotional, often biblical, overtones gave the movement millenarian flavor, and Kansas became the unwilling focus of a revitalized national campaign for Black rights.Athearn describes the social, political, economic, and even agricultural difficulties that Exodusters had in adapting to white culture. He evaluates the activities of Black leaders such as Benjamin “Pap” Singleton, northern politicians such as Kansas Governor John P. St. John, and refugee aid organizations such as the Kansas Freedmen’s Relief Association. He tells the Exoduster story not just as a southern story—the turmoil in Dixie and flight from the scenes of a struggle—but especially as a western story, a meaningful segment of the history of a frontier state. His remarkably objective, as well as suspenseful, account of this unusual episodes contributes significantly to Kansas history, to western history, and to the history of Black people in America

A world educational association to promote international good will

Thesis (M.A.)--Boston Universit

Saltwater Fishing in Cobscook Bay: Angler profile and economic impact

This Research in Focus fact sheet profiles the economic impact of recreational fishing in Downeast Maine. Extension associate Chris Bartlett worked with University of Maine-Machias researcher Kevin Athearn to survey recreational fishers in the Cobscook Bay region. This research is informing sustainable development initiatives in Washington County

A Study of the Social and Economic Capacity of Eastern Maine Fishing Communities: How Can Small-Scale Fishing Communities Participate in Catch Share Programs?

This study aimed to assess the degree to which small-scale, fishery-dependent communities in eastern Maine can participate in the catch share system for New England groundfish. Catch share programs can take on a variety of forms, including: harvesting cooperatives, individual quotas, individual transferable quotas, or territorial user fishing rights (Holland and Wiersma 2010). In New England the regional Fishery Management Council implemented a catch share program beginning in 2010, known as sectors, where portions of the total allowable catch have been allocated to groups of fishermen. As managers continue to develop catch shares, and stocks hopefully rebuild, it is critical to assess the degree to which small-scale, fisherydependent communities, like those in eastern Maine, can participate successfully in this management system. This study asks the following question: What is needed for fisherydependent communities in eastern Maine to participate in the New England groundfish catch share system? Our approach was to first document the current and historical participation of Eastern Maine fishermen in the groundfish fishery through a rapid assessment and oral history interviews and then consider how the current catch share system in place creates barriers and opportunities for future participation by these communities

Democratizing the Church

SYNOPSIS: World Peace and Christian Education both demand, a reorganization of the Church. In a consideration of a suitable government for the Church or the World, we always associate Christianity and democracy. Christianity provides, the religious sanctions for the principles of democracy, and democracy secures, the social and political expression of the principles of Christianity. Religious education demands a reorganization of the Church insofar as the Church's methods of administration have been out of harmony, not only with the principles of pedagogy. but also with the principles of the Christian religion. [TRUNCATED