CONVERSION OF SLUDGE BIOMASS INTO CATALYSTS: ENVIRONMENTAL TREATMENT APPLICATIONS

La força d'aquest objectiu de la recerca és l'ús de catalitzadors a base de fangs (SBC) per al tractament d'aigües residuals en els mètodes de tractament biològics i químics en condicions ambientalment acceptables. Aquesta investigació presenta una forma alternativa de reutilitzar els materials de rebuig de les plantes de tractament d'aigües residuals i el rendiment dels nous catalitzadors en les aplicacions de tractament de medi ambient, sobretot en els processos d'oxidació biològica i avançats (POA), com l'ozonització, reacció foto i oxidació amb aire humit catalítica. Aquest estudi inclou característiques importants com la carbonització, la impregnació del metall, la caracterització de la superfície, i el mecanisme de degradació dels contaminants en els processos de reacció biològics i oxidació. Els nanocompostos / TiO2 de carboni llots van ser sintetitzats per diferents mètodes clàssics i l'estudi del disseny i fabricació de materials fotocatalítics avançades en el marc de la nanociència es presenta.La fuerza de este objetivo de la investigación es el uso de catalizadores a base de lodos (SBC) para el tratamiento de aguas residuales en los métodos de tratamiento biológicos y químicos en condiciones ambientalmente aceptables. Esta investigación presenta una forma alternativa de reutilizar los materiales de desecho de las plantas de tratamiento de aguas residuales y el rendimiento de los nuevos catalizadores en las aplicaciones de tratamiento de medio ambiente, sobre todo en los procesos de oxidación biológica y avanzados (POA), como la ozonización, reacción foto y oxidación con aire húmedo catalítica. Este estudio incluye características importantes como la carbonización, la impregnación del metal, la caracterización de la superficie, y el mecanismo de degradación de los contaminantes en los procesos de reacción biológicos y oxidación. Los nanocompuestos / TiO2 de carbono lodos fueron sintetizados por diferentes métodos clásicos y el estudio del diseño y fabricación de materiales fotocatalíticos avanzadas en el marco de la nanociencia se presenta.The strength of this research aim is to use sludge-based catalysts (SBCs) for the treatment of wastewaters in the biological and chemical treatment methods at environmentally acceptable conditions. This research presents an alternative way to reuse waste materials from wastewater treatment plants and the performance of new catalysts in the environmental treatment applications, especially in the biological and advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) such as ozonation, photo reaction and catalytic wet air oxidation. This study includes important features such as carbonisation, metal impregnation, surface characterization, and degradation mechanism of pollutants on the biological and oxidative reaction processes. The sludge carbon/TiO2 nanocomposites were synthesized by different classical methods and the study of the design and fabrication of advanced photocatalytic materials in the framework of nanoscience is presented

A potential application of sludge-based catalysts for the anaerobic bio-decolorization of tartrazine dye.

Two highly efficient (K2CO3/sludge carbon and ZnCl2/sludge carbon) solids were prepared by chemical addition following carbonization at 800 °C and were tested for anaerobic reduction of tartrazine dye in a continuous upflow packed-bed biological reactor, and their performance was compared to that of commercial activated carbon (CAC). The chemical and structural information of the solids was subjected to various characterizations in order to understand the mechanism for anaerobic decolorization, and efficiency for SBCZN800 and SBCPC800 materials was 87% and 74%, respectively, at a short space time (τ) of 2.0 min. A first-order kinetic model fitted the experimental points and kinetic constants of 0.40, 0.92 and 1.46 min(-1) were obtained for SBCZN800, SBCPC800 and CAC, respectively. The experimental results revealed that performance of solids in the anaerobic reduction of tartrazine dye can depend on several factors including chemical agents, carbonization, microbial population, chemical groups and surface chemistry. The Langmuir and Freundlich models are successfully described in the batch adsorption data. Based on these observations, a cost-effective sludge-based catalyst can be produced from harmful sewage sludge for the treatment of industrial effluents

TiO2-Sludge carbon enhanced catalytic oxidative reaction in environmental wastewaters applications

http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2015.07.025The enhanced oxidative potential of sludge carbon/TiO2 nano composites (SNCs), applied as heterogeneous catalysts in advanced oxidation processes (AOPs), was studied. Fabrification of efficient SNCs using different methods and successful evaluation of their catalytic oxidative activity is reported for the first time. Surface modification processes of hydrothermal deposition, chemical treatment and sol-gel solution resulted in improved catalytic activity and good surface chemistry of the SNCs. The solids obtained after chemical treatment and hydrothermal deposition processes exhibit excellent crystallinity and photocatalytic activity. The highest photocatalytic rate was obtained for the material prepared using hydrothermal deposition technique, compared to other nanocomposites. Further, improved removal of bisphenol A (BPA) from aqueous phase by means of catalytic ozonation and catalytic wet air oxidation processes is achieved over the solid synthesized using chemical treatment method. The present results demonstrate that the addition of TiO2 on the surface of sludge carbon (SC) increases catalytic oxidative activity of SNCs. The latter produced from harmful sludge materials can be therefore used as cost-effective and efficient sludge derived catalysts for the removal of hazardous pollutants