Determination of risk perception in small-scale fishing and navigation

In this study, risk perception and the impact of various environmental factors on accidents involving fishing vessels in small-scale fishing vessels during navigation were examined. Thirty fishing vessel captains from Çeşmealtı and İskele fishing ports evaluated the risks of environmental conditions under different scenarios in the bridge navigation simulator based on the Fine-Kinney risk assessment method. Nonparametric (Mann-Whitney U-test) and parametric tests (Pearson correlation and independent-samples t-test) were performed to analyse other related parameters. The study also conducted a small questionnaire study that included questions such as the number of past accidents by fishermen and the number of engine rudder failures. According to the sum of the fishermen's assessments, reduced visibility was the highest factor increasing the probability and consequences of accidents in sea navigation, while they identified night and heavy weather conditions as the highest factor in port navigation. Fishermen also found navigating their ports safer than sea navigation. There is a significant, positive, and strong correlation between the number of fishermen’s accidents and the number of engine rudder failures (p=0.047, r=0.714), the perception of accident probabilities in port navigating with restricted visibility (p=0.027, r=0.726) and in port navigation at night and in heavy weather (p=0.003, r=0.866). According to the results of the study, using the outcomes of the pre-fishing environmental risk assessment, the competent maritime authorities may be able to take effective measures to prevent the occurrence of serious marine casualties

Effectiveness of Basic Safety Training Among Ratings

Human error plays a serious role in causing accidents at sea. The human factor should be emphasized more than automation and technology with quality and effective training. In order to maintain the safety culture on board, it is necessary to standardize the effectiveness of the trainings. The aim of this study is to determine the effectiveness of the training of seafarers and prospective seafarers who take part in basic safety training. The participants in the study are 275 seafarers or prospective seafarers. It was used to evaluate the effectiveness of basic safety training in relation to the response of the Kirkpatrick Training Evaluation Model. The data obtained /rom the scale results were analyzed using non-parametric tests (Mann Whitney U test and Kruskal Wallis H test) on SPSS package program. As a result of the study, it was concluded that basic safety training at a high level was effective. The perceptions of effectiveness of seafarers who received training far the first time were higher than those of seafarers who received training to renew their certificates

Two-dimensional multiphase non-isothermal modeling of a flowing electrolyte - Direct methanol fuel cell

A two-dimensional, non-isothermal, two-phase model is developed to investigate the non isothermal and thermo-osmotic behavior within a flowing electrolyte direct methanol fuel cell (FE-DMFC). The physics of this fuel cell are examined and discussed for varied anode and cathode inlet temperatures, with particular emphasis being placed on the non isothermal behavior of this fuel cell. The results show that the cathode's thermal entrance length is much larger than that of the anode's, and that the cathode's inlet temperature influences the overall cell temperature more significantly than that of the anode's. This was found to be primarily due to the cathode's high velocity and molecular diffusivity, which allowed for a high degree of convective cooling. This effect was found to cause the mid-plane temperature to be similar to 10 degrees C lower than that of the set point temperature for the coldest air inlet temperature of 40 degrees C. Furthermore, it was also found that possible flooding conditions could occur within the cathode air channel, if either the anode's or cathode's inlet temperature is too low, relative to the fuel cell's set point temperature. (C) 2016 Hydrogen Energy Publications LLC. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved

Sustainable Features of Vernacular Architecture: Housing of Eastern Black Sea Region as a Case Study

The contributions of sustainability to architectural designs are steadily increasing in parallel with developments in technology. Although sustainability seems to be a new concept in today’s architecture, in reality, it is not. This is because, much of sustainable architectural design principles depend on references to vernacular architecture, and there are many examples found in different parts of the world to which architects can refer. When the world seeks for more sustainable buildings, it is acceptable to revisit the past in order to understand sustainable features of vernacular architecture. It is clear that vernacular architecture has a knowledge that matters to be studied and classified from a sustainability point of view. This work aims to demonstrate that vernacular architecture can contribute to improving sustainability in construction. In this sense, the paper evaluates specific vernacular housing in Eastern Black Sea Region in Turkey and their response to nature and ecology. In order to explain this response, field work was carried out and the vernacular architectural accumulation of the region was examined on site. The features of the examples have been identified and debated in today’s sustainable architectural concept. This work holistically evaluates this architectural manifestation, in the light of current knowledge, in order to find scientific justification for its knowledge to verify and promote its application in the future

Medicolegal consequences of thoracic gossypiboma: A case report

The term gossypiboma is used to describe a retained surgical sponge after operation. It is a rare but it is associated with severe medical and legal consequences. The diagnosis can be missed despite radiological investigations. We report a case of a 15-year-old female who presented with fever, cough, dyspnea and hemoptysis. She had a history of hydatid cyst operation 2 years ago. Post-discharge follow up occurred for two years on hospital where hydatid cyst surgery had been done. Radiological investigations were inconclusive in detecting the retained sponge despite radiopaque marker. So gossypiboma should be kept in mind as a differential diagnosis in postoperative cases presenting as persistent respiratory symptoms after the operation. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd and Faculty of Forensic and Legal Medicine. All rights reserved