Domestic Violence

Domestic violence is a problem that affects the lives of many women both in urban and rural areas. Depression and post-traumatic stress disorder are the most prevalent mental health problems related with domestic violence. Children of battered women are also affected from the domestic violence. Children who grow up in families with intimate partner violence may suffer from a range of behavioral and emotional disturbances that can be associated with the perpetration or experiencing of violence later in life. The mental health care sector can have a significant impact on publicizing and addressing violence against women and children and on reducing the mental health problems related to abuse. This review focuses on domestic violence victims, most of whom are women and children victimized by their spouses or parents, along with the causes and cycle of domestic violence

Mobbing (Psychological Violence) in Different Aspects

Recently, being a universal fact, mobbing has been attracted academic interest in Turkey as well. Psychological violence in the workplace (mobbing) is a process in which one or more of the employees, for at least 6 months another employee or group, has a variety of behaviors that may threaten mental and physical health, such as long-term and systematic humiliation, prevention of duties. It is a malicious behavior model that aims to expel people from their work by the applying unfair accusations, gossip, humiliation, emotional abuse and psychological violence. Mobbing behaviors happen quite destructive effects on the personnel’s motivation, productivity, job satisfaction, performance and organizational loyalty level. Although mobbing is a phenomenon that can be encountered in every sector, it is more common among employees of education and higher education sector. Mobbing can happen to any employee regardless of gender, age, seniority or educational background

Multifaceted Glance on Childhood Sexual Abuse and Incest

An experience of domestic violence can lead to permanent physical, mental, and psychological harms, whether the child is a direct victim or a witness. Although having no standard definition, it is generally agreed that childhood sexual abuse and incest are underreported. The majority of sexual abuse happens in childhood, with incest being the most common form. Incest is a sexual activity or assault between family members or close relatives and can be defined as the sexual abuse of the child, as well. On the other hand, pedophilic disorder is defined as having recurrent, intense sexual urges or behaviors involving sexual activity with a preadolescent child, over a period of at least 6 months. In this article, clinical, social, and legal effects from the sexual abuse of results are investigated. Results of our research will be hopefully helpful in informing social policy and guiding mental health practice

Stuttering

Stuttering is a multi-dimensional problem involving a particular kind of speech behavior, feelings, beliefs, self- concepts, and social interactions. Stutterers have "good days"? with less stuttering? and "bad days"? when they can't get a word out. Current research suggests that it is caused by a complex interaction between a person’s physical makeup and the environment. Stutterers are, on average, psychologically normal, except for fears and anxieties around talking. Stress and anxiety may aggravate stuttering. On the other hand, most stutterers speak fluently when relaxed, but stutter under stress. Stuttering affects people from all levels of the socioeconomic scale and is found in all parts of the world. The frequency of stuttered words, the type of speech disruption, and the presence of, and type of associated behavior varies from person to person. In terms of prognosis, early detection is important. The aim of this article, is to examine the persons who stutter, within the light of the etiology, frequency, definition, differential diagnosis, and comorbid psychiatric symptoms

Synthetic Cannabinoids

Synthetic cannabinoids which is a subgroup of cannabinoids are commonly used for recreational drug use throughout the whole world. Although both marijuana and synthetic cannabinoids stimulate the same receptors, cannabinoid receptor 1 (CB1) and cannabinoid receptor 2 (CB2), studies have shown that synthetic cannabinoids are much more potent than marijuana. The longer use of synthetic cannabinoids can cause severe physical and psychological symptoms that might even result in death, similar to many known illicit drugs. Main treatment options mostly involve symptom management and supportive care. The aim of this article is to discuss clinical and pharmacological properties of the increasingly used synthetic cannabinoids. [Psikiyatride Guncel Yaklasimlar - Current Approaches in Psychiatry 2017; 9(3.000): 317-328

Çocukluk Çağı Cinsel İstismar ve Ensest Olgularına Çok Yönlü Bakış

An experience of domestic violence can lead to permanent physical, mental, and psychological harms, whether the child is a direct victim or a witness. Although having no standard definition, it is generally agreed that childhood sexual abuse and incest are underreported. The majority of sexual abuse happens in childhood, with incest being the most common form. Incest is a sexual activity or assault between family members or close relatives and can be defined as the sexual abuse of the child, as well. On the other hand, pedophilic disorder is defined as having recurrent, intense sexual urges or behaviors involving sexual activity with a preadolescent child, over a period of at least 6 months. In this article, clinical, social, and legal effects from the sexual abuse of results are investigated. Results of our research will be hopefully helpful in informing social policy and guiding mental health practice

Oxidative metabolism may be associated with negative symptoms in schizophrenia

Objective: In the present study, we aimed to examine the relationship between the oxidative metabolism with disease severity, sociodemographic, and clinical characteristics in the patients with schizophrenia. Methods: Seventy-one patients with schizophrenia and 76 healthy volunteers were included in the study. Plasma total antioxidant level (TAL) and total oxidant level (TOL) were analyzed, and oxidative stress index (OSI) was calculated. Results: There was a statistically significant increase in TOL and OSI and decrease in TAL in the patients with schizophrenia compared to the controls (p < .05). There were positive, mild, statistically significant correlations between TOL, OSI, and Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale-Total scores (p = .01, p = .01, respectively), Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale-Negative scores (p = .002, p = .001, respectively), Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale Global Psychopathology scores (p = .03, p = .03, respectively), and Clinical Global Impression-Severity Scale scores (p = .008, p = .009 respectively). OSI levels were significantly lower in the patients who were on treatment with atypical antipsychotics (AAP) compared to the patients who were on typical antipsychotics (TAP) and combined antipsychotic (CAP) agents (p = .032). Conclusions: Oxidative stress was higher in schizophrenia patients. The increased severity of negative symptoms was in line with the disruption in oxidative balance. Oxidative stress is quite lower in AAP users compared to the TAP and CAP users. One of the mechanisms underlying the fact that AAPs are more effective on negative symptoms than typical agents may be the positive effect on the oxidative stress