Acne Vulgaris Awareness and Impact on Quality of Life and Psychological Status of Adolescent School Children in Jazan, Saudi Arabia

Severe psychological impairment is found among 7.3% of adolescents with no difference between sexes

Correction to: Cluster identification, selection, and description in Cluster randomized crossover trials: the PREP-IT trials

An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via the original article

Designing Magnetic Layered Double Hydroxides and Two-Dimensional Magnetic Nano-Nets of Cobalt Ferrite through a Novel Approach

The present study has a dual aim of supporting magnetic nanoparticles over the nanolayers of LDHs and designing two-dimensional magnetic nano-nets of cobalt ferrite. In this trend, nanoparticles of CoFe2O4 were prepared and supported by Co-Fe LDH through urea hydrolysis. The nanolayered structures of Co-Fe LDH were confirmed by X-ray diffraction, energy-dispersive X-ray spectrometry, FT-IR spectra, thermal analyses, and transmission electron microscopy. In addition, they indicated that 13.2% CoFe2O4 were supported over Co-Fe LDH. Transformation of the nanolayered structures of Co-Fe LDH to nano-nets was achieved by the catalytic effect of the supported CoFe2O4 nanoparticles through solvent thermal technique. X-ray diffraction patterns and transmission electron microscopy images confirmed the transformation of the supported Co-Fe LDH to nano-nets of cobalt ferrite. In order to indicate the effect of the LDH for designing the nano-nets, nanoparticles of cobalt ferrite were prepared by the same technique without LDH. The magnetic behavior of the nano-nets and the supported Co-Fe LDH were measured and compared with the nanoparticles through vibrating sample magnetometer technique. The magnetic parameters indicated that the prepared nano-nets have ferromagnetic behavior and high coercivity. However, the prepared nanoparticles revealed a superparamagnetic state and low coercivity. The experimental results concluded that the incorporation of nanoparticles with nanowires into nano-net structures has been found to be an efficient way to improve their magnetic properties and prevent their agglomerations. Finally, layered double hydroxides are an important source for constructing magnetic nanolayered structures and nano-nets

Synthesis of Zn Intercalated Zn–V@Mo–V Nanorods-based Cathodes for Prolonged Cyclic Stability of Rechargeable Aqueous Zinc-Ion Batteries

Stationary rechargeable Zn-ion batteries (ZIBs) are attractive energy storages systems because of their natural abundance, safety, and low cost. High capacity, stable, and robust cathode materials play an important role in aqueous electrolyte systems in ZIBs, where metal oxide cathode dissolution is a problem that needs to be addressed. Herewith, we report an intercalation-type Zn-doped Zn–V@Mo–V (ZMV) cathode material affording prolonged cycle stability and high storage capacity. Porous, superfine nanostructures offer Zn2+ ion diffusion pathways, alleviating intercalation redox reactions without dissolution. Zn doping restructures the cathode expansion-like, resulting in increased electrical conductivity and faster electrochemical ion diffusion. A reversible and uniform Zn electroplating at the anode surface interface indicates improved cell reversibility. The ZMV cathode scales up to assemble a pouch cell of Zn//ZnSO4//ZMV, where the cathode enhances the rate performance and decreases the self-discharge rate. High efficiency and long cycle life can be endowed to the cathode material to construct a stable Zn-ion battery, accelerating the commercialization of the whole system

Design of Inverted Nano-Cone Arrayed SERS Substrate for Rapid Detection of Pathogens

Rapid detection of bacteria is a very critical and important part of infectious disease treatment. Sepsis kills more than 25 percent of its victims, resulting in as many as half of all deaths in hospitals before identifying the pathogen for patients to get the right treatment. Raman spectroscopy is a promising candidate in pathogen diagnosis given its fast and label-free nature, only if the concentration of the pathogen is high enough to provide reasonable sensitivity. This work reports a new design of surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) substrate which will provide high enough sensitivity and fast and close contact of the target structure to the optical hot spots for immunomagnetic capturing-based bacteria-concentrating technique. The substrate uses inverted nanocone structure arrays made of transparent PDMS (Polydimethylsiloxane) to funnel the light from the bottom to the top of the cones where plasmonic gold nanorods are located. A high reflective and low loss layer is deposited on the outer surface of the cone. Given the geometry of cones, photons are multi-reflected by the outer layer and thus the number density of photons at hotspots increases by an order of magnitude, which could be high enough to detect immunomagnetically densified bacteria

The Prevalence and Risk Factors of Postpartum Depression among Mothers in Najran City, Saudi Arabia

Background: Postpartum depression (PPD) is a significant mental health concern affecting mothers globally. However, research on PPD prevalence and risk factors in Najran City, Saudi Arabia, is limited. Study Aim: this cross-sectional study aimed to determine the prevalence and risk factors associated with PPD among mothers in Najran City. Methodology: A questionnaire-based study was conducted from September 2023 to January 2024, involving 420 mothers aged 16–50 years with newborns (2–10 weeks after delivery). The questionnaire included demographic information and the Arabic version of the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS). Statistical analysis utilized SPSS software v. 26, including descriptive statistics, Mann–Whitney U test, Kruskal–Wallis H test, and logistic regression. Results: The majority of participants were aged 20–35 years (61.4%), Saudi nationals (87.6%), and had university education (51.4%). EPDS scores indicated that 66.7% of mothers screened positive for possible depression. Significant associations were found between higher EPDS scores and factors such as unemployment (p = 0.004), younger age (p = 0.003), caesarean delivery (p = 0.043), mental illness (p = 0.0001), lack of adequate family support (p = 0.0001), and higher stress levels (p = 0.0001). Conclusion: The study revealed a high prevalence of PPD among mothers in Najran City, with sociodemographic, obstetric, and psychosocial factors significantly influencing PPD risk. These findings emphasize the need for targeted interventions and support systems to address maternal mental health needs effectively

DIAGNOSIS AND SURGICAL INTERVENTION ACUTE CHOLECYSTITIS

Cholecystitis is inflammation of the gallbladder that take place usually because of an obstruction of the cystic duct by gallstones arising from the gallbladder. For early treatment and preventing the complications, diagnostic methods, surgical approach and its contraindications are reviewed. MEDLINE, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials were electronically searched for studies reporting surgical intervention acute cholecystitis published in English through 2018. Acute cholecystitis results from blockage of the cystic duct, generally by a gallstone, followed by distension and succeeding chemical or bacterial swelling of the gallbladder. Individuals with acute cholecystitis usually have constant right upper quadrant pain, anorexia nervosa, nausea, vomiting, and fever. Concerning 95% of people with acute cholecystitis have gallstones (calculous cholecystitis) and 5% lack gallstones (acalculous cholecystitis). Severe acute cholecystitis might result in necrosis of the gallbladder wall surface, referred to as gangrenous cholecystitis

Magnetic Properties and Cation Distribution of Bimetallic (Mn-Co) Doped NiFe2O4 Nanoparticles

Nickel ferrite (NiFe2O4), an inverse spinel crystal structure and a soft transition metal oxide, contemplated as a good magnetic semiconducting material with low coercivity and saturation magnetization (M (s)). In this study, Ni1-2xMnxCoxFe2O4 (0.0 <= x <= 0.5) nanoparticles were synthesized by the microwave assisted approach with citric acid as fuel. The effect of both cobalt and manganese substitution on the morphological, structural, and magnetic properties of the NiFe2O4 nanoparticles were studied. X-ray powder diffraction patterns confirm their complete conversion to NiFe2O4 crystal phase and the increase in lattice constant provides evidence for the effect of both Co and Mn substitution. SEM images divulge the nano-size of the prepared products with speck morphology. Magnetic properties of the final products were evaluated using Vibrating Sample Magnetometer and Fe-57 Mossbauer spectroscopy. The results from both analyses suggested the M (s) and coercive field of NiFe2O4 NPs increases as the concentration of Co and Mn increase and Ms getting closer to the bulk value

Magnetic Properties and Cation Distribution of Bimetallic (Mn-Co) Doped NiFe2O4 Nanoparticles

Nickel ferrite (NiFe2O4), an inverse spinel crystal structure and a soft transition metal oxide, contemplated as a good magnetic semiconducting material with low coercivity and saturation magnetization (M (s)). In this study, Ni1-2xMnxCoxFe2O4 (0.0 <= x <= 0.5) nanoparticles were synthesized by the microwave assisted approach with citric acid as fuel. The effect of both cobalt and manganese substitution on the morphological, structural, and magnetic properties of the NiFe2O4 nanoparticles were studied. X-ray powder diffraction patterns confirm their complete conversion to NiFe2O4 crystal phase and the increase in lattice constant provides evidence for the effect of both Co and Mn substitution. SEM images divulge the nano-size of the prepared products with speck morphology. Magnetic properties of the final products were evaluated using Vibrating Sample Magnetometer and Fe-57 Mossbauer spectroscopy. The results from both analyses suggested the M (s) and coercive field of NiFe2O4 NPs increases as the concentration of Co and Mn increase and Ms getting closer to the bulk value