Application of aliovalency effect in the processing of refractory minerals

639-642Doping of the matrix of mineral or chemical compound of different elements, with a small amount of salt is known to bring about the aliovalency effect. In essence, it is supposed to introduce defect or propagate its effect in the host element or matrix. This property has been judiciously exploited in the processing of refractory minerals like ilmenite, barite and celestite. Finally, the reasons for the success or failure of this effect in certain cases have been clearly elucidated

A kinetic model for leaching process in preparation of Raney nickel catalyst

This article does not have an abstract

Elucidation of toxicity of organic acids inhibiting growth of Escherichia coli W

The toxic effects of 3-hydroxypropionic acid (3-HP) at high concentrations on cell growth and cellular metabolism are a great challenge to its commercial production. This study has examined and compared the toxic effects of 3-HP on cell growth with other similar weak acids, especially lactic acid, under various concentrations, temperatures and pH using Escherichia coli W as the test strain. 3-HP was approximately 4.4-times more toxic than lactic acid due to the 4.4-fold weaker acidity or 0.64 higher pKa value. The two acids presented no appreciable difference when the growth inhibition was correlated with the undissociated or protonated free acid concentration calculated by the Henderson-Hasselbalch equation. The growth inhibition by other small organic acids, such as acetic acid, pyruvic acid, propionic acid, 2-hydroxybutyric acid (2-HB) and 3-hydroxybutyric acid (3-HB), was also well correlated with their pKa values or protonated free acid concentrations. This study suggests that the growth inhibition by small weak acids is mainly caused by the socalled proton effect (rather than the anion effect), i.e., an increase in the intracellular proton concentration. An appropriate increase in the medium pH was suggested to alleviate the acid toxicity by reducing the free acid concentration in the culture medium

Abstracts of National Conference on Research and Developments in Material Processing, Modelling and Characterization 2020

This book presents the abstracts of the papers presented to the Online National Conference on Research and Developments in Material Processing, Modelling and Characterization 2020 (RDMPMC-2020) held on 26th and 27th August 2020 organized by the Department of Metallurgical and Materials Science in Association with the Department of Production and Industrial Engineering, National Institute of Technology Jamshedpur, Jharkhand, India. Conference Title: National Conference on Research and Developments in Material Processing, Modelling and Characterization 2020Conference Acronym: RDMPMC-2020Conference Date: 26–27 August 2020Conference Location: Online (Virtual Mode)Conference Organizer: Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, National Institute of Technology JamshedpurCo-organizer: Department of Production and Industrial Engineering, National Institute of Technology Jamshedpur, Jharkhand, IndiaConference Sponsor: TEQIP-