Prediction of Rehabilitation Nurses' Psychological Well-Being Through Personality Traits and Defense Mechanisms

Objectives: In clinical practice, nurses who have shown consternation at the psychological well being are more motivated in practice. The stigma of needing mental health care remains a concern for most people. The purpose of the study was to predict the psychological well-being of rehabilitation nurses based on personality traits and defense mechanisms. Methods: In a co relational research, the participants consisted of all married female nurses in rehabilitation hospitals of the Qom city. The sample size estimated by Tabachnik and Fidel method 114 and with Overestimate attain to 120 people. The participants were selected by cluster random sampling method. Data collected by Ryff's Scales of Psychological well-being, Big Five Personality Inventory short form (NEO FFI) and defense style questionnaire (DSQ -40). Data analyzed by Pearson correlation coefficient and multivariate regression by the use of SPSS software (V20). Results: Analysis of research data indicated that traits of extroversion (P 0.01), neuroticism (P 0.01), agreeableness (P 0.01), mature defensive style (P 0.01) and immature defense style (P 0.01) could explain variance of psychological well-being of nurses significantly. Discussion: Considering to the findings of this research can concluded that personality traits and defense styles be able to predict the psychological well-being significantly

The Associations Between the Maladaptive Personality Dimensions of Neediness and Self-Criticism, Defense Styles, Selfobject Needs, and Attachment Styles in an Iranian Sample

The present study extends previous findings by examining whether defense styles, selfobject needs, attachment styles relate to Neediness and Self-Criticism, as maladaptive personality dimensions focused, respectively, on relatedness and self-definition in an Iranian sample. Three hundred and 52 participants completed a sociodemographic questionnaire as well as the Persian forms of the Depressive Experiences Questionnaire, Experience of Close Relationships-Revised, Defense Style Questionnaire, Beck Depression Inventory—II and Selfobject Needs Inventory. Two multiple linear regression analyses, entering Self-criticism and Neediness as criterion variables, were computed. According to the results, high attachment anxiety, high immature defenses, high depressive symptoms, and high need for idealization were related to self-criticism, and explained 47% of its variance. In addition, high attachment anxiety, low mature defenses, high neurotic defenses, high avoidance of mirroring, and low avoidance of idealization/twinship were related to neediness, and explained 40% of its variance. A principal components analysis was performed, entering all the studied variables. Three factors emerged; 1 describing a maladaptive form of psychological functioning and 2 describing more mature modes of psychological functioning. The results are discussed in their implications for the understanding of neediness and self-criticism as maladaptive personality dimensions focused, respectively, on relatedness and self-definition

Effects of Transfer Training on Musculoskeletal Pain in the Caregiver of a Stroke Patient: a Case Report

The purpose of this case report was to evaluate the effectiveness of training of transfer techniques to a caregiver of a person who had suffered a stroke in decreasing musculoskeletal pain, depression and anxiety. This study adopted a single subject research design to evaluate the effectiveness of transfer-techniques training on musculoskeletal pain, depression, and anxiety in a 25-year-old female caregiver of a person with a stroke. The study was completed in four phases, including a baseline evaluation (1st and 3rd week), training (3rd, 5th and 7th week), post-training (9th week), and follow-up evaluation (11th week). During the 1st week, demographic and descriptive information (such as age, time since diagnosis, cognition and independence of daily living) were collected from the stroke patient. Also, pain severity, anxiety and depression levels of the caregiver were evaluated. In weeks 3, 5 and 7, transfer training was undertaken. The patient was involved in the training with the caregiver under the supervision of an occupational therapist in their own home. The effectiveness of the training with regard to musculoskeletal pain and depression and anxiety levels of the caregiver was evaluated in the 5th, 9th and 11th weeks. The data were analyzed using a visual analysis of trends and levels. The results showed a decrease in pain severity, anxiety and depression during training and post-training. The changes continued during the follow-up stage. This study suggests promising results for the effectiveness of the transfer-techniques training and justifies further clinical trials. A larger trial is required to confirm the effectiveness of transfer training in improving pain management in caregivers of stroke survivors

Gonadotropins in Infertile Men with Idiopathic Hypogonadotropic Hypogonadism

Abstract Background: Stimulatory therapy with gonadotrpins is an effective treatment to induce spermatogenesis in men with idiopathic hypogonadotroptic hypogonadism (IHH). The aim of this study was to assess the effectiveness of human chorionic gonadotropin / human menopausal gonadotropin on hypogonadotropic infertile men. Materials and Methods: This study included fifty-six azoospermic infertile men with IHH treated with hCG / hMG. All patients received hCG (5000 IU, IM3 times /week) for three months. After that, treatment was continued combined with hMG (75 IU, IM 3 times/week). Semen analysis was performed every 3 months. After 15 months, fine needle aspiration was performed if the patients were azoospermic. Treatment continued if mature spermatozoa were present in FNA, otherwise treatment was discontinued. In the former cases, semen analysis was requested 24months after thebeginning of treatment. Results: In this study, spermatozoa were present in the ejaculate in 50 out of 56 patients (89.2%) after combined treatment. Average time of sperm appearance was 9.2 months. Mean sperm concentration was 9.12 x 106/ml. FNA carried out after 15 months of treatment in 23(41%) of patients with persistent azoospermia, 91.3% of these latter patients had mature spermatozoa on fine needle aspiration. Pregnancy occurred in 23 (41%) cases. The mean sperm concentration in patients whose spouses became pregnant was 15.56x 10

Marital Satisfaction of Iranian Deaf Women: The Role of a Life Skills Training Program

Given that marital satisfaction and the factors influencing it are of high importance among deaf women, the present study aimed to examine the impact of life skills training on the marital satisfaction of deaf women in the Iranian Deaf Association (IDA). A multiple-baseline, single-case experimental design was conducted. The statistical population consisted of all deaf women in the IDA during 2014-2015. A total of 3 deaf women who met the inclusion criteria were selected using a purposeful sampling method. They participated in a 9-session life skills training program for 45 minutes a week. The instrument used in the present study was the 47-item version of the ENRICH Marital Satisfaction Scale (EMS). The data from repeated measures was processed using the trend comparison charts, and the clinical significance of the data was determined using the recovery rate formula. The results from the trend comparison charts, recovery rate formula, and visual analysis showed that the life skills training improved the marital satisfaction of the samples. According to the study findings, it can be concluded that life skills training improves the marital satisfaction among deaf women. Therefore, the method used in the present study can be recognized as an appropriate method in psycho-educational interventions for strengthening family foundation and improving marriage durability of deaf couples at the beginning of marriage

The Role of Sexual Behaviors in the Relapse Process in Iranian Methamphetamine Users: A Qualitative Study

Background: The awareness of sexual experiences could be an effective factor in preventing high-risk sexual behavior pertaining to relapse during the recovery period of substances. This research explored the role of sexual behaviors among Iranian methamphetamine (MA) users in relapse process.Methods: The study was conducted with a qualitative approach using content analysis method. 28 participants were selected through purposeful and theoretical sampling. Data were collected based on face-to-face, in-depth, semi-structured interviews based on open-ended questions. Interviews continued until the data saturation had occurred. All interviews were examined in four stages of codes, sub-categories, categories and themes according to the content analysis of explanations and descriptions of sexual behaviors.Findings: Two main themes were emerged from the analysis of interviews, including extreme pleasure seeking (including the main categories of sexual tunnel vision and sexual totalitarianism) and comprehended threat (including the main categories of internal conflict and external disorganization) as well as 10 subcategories.Conclusion: The results indicated that sexual behaviors played an important role in relapse process among Iranian MA users and needed to be considered and managed properly in the planning of prevention, treatment, and rehabilitation

The Use of Psychosocial Rehabilitation in Mental Health Issues

Mental rehabilitation can include a range of disabling conditions, from severe and enduring psychotic or bipolar disorders to more transient affective disorders. The concept of rehabilitation reflects the concept of disability. If the concept of mental illness is viewed as a mechanism for social control, then we can say that one of the most powerful aspects of the medicalization of the individual is the application by physicians of diagnostic labels. It attempts to approach the issue of psychological rehabilitation (1-3) from a bio-psychosocial viewpoint, recognizing that a person’s physical, mental, motional, social and spiritual needs should be considered in the rehabilitation process. This multidisciplinary view focuses on recovery-oriented care of persons with mental health problems and on their rehabilitation program. An individual’s experience of a particular impairment needs to be understood within its social context and processes of socialization (4). Again here the role of psycho-rehabilitation programs will be magnetized in the mental health care (5)

Editor’s Note

Iranian Rehabilitation Journal is the only English journal in Rehabilitation and research in Middle East. Number fourteen of this journal is going to be published with variety of articles in rehabilitation issues. We welcome original articles, reviews and case reports. Open Access Journal is a journal that uses a funding model that does not charge readers or their institutions for access. DOAJ - Directory of Open Access Journals is one of them and it is our pleasure to announce that IRJ has been added to the directory of DOAJ. You can reach to Journals and articles from http://www.doaj.org/. University of social welfare and Rehabilitation sciences is supporting IRJ to facilitate researches and scholars by updating articles online. Please do visit IRJ website regularly www.rehabj.ir