Genomic alterations in low-grade, anaplastic astrocytomas and glioblastomas.

RIGHTS : This article is licensed under the BioMed Central licence at http://www.biomedcentral.com/about/license which is similar to the 'Creative Commons Attribution Licence'. In brief you may : copy, distribute, and display the work; make derivative works; or make commercial use of the work - under the following conditions: the original author must be given credit; for any reuse or distribution, it must be made clear to others what the license terms of this work are.To extend our understanding of potential stepwise genetic alterations that may underlie tumor progression from low-grade astrocytomas to glioblastomas, histopathologic and comparative genomic hybridization analyses were performed on tumor specimens from 68 primary lesions, including 40 glioblastomas, 10 anaplastic and 18 low-grade astrocytomas. The number of aberrations per case increased towards the higher grade tumors (grade II: 1.66+/-1.49; grade III: 2.80+/-1.68; grade IV: 3.02+/-1.07; F=6.955, p=0.002). A gain of 7/7q was common and the most frequently seen aberration in low-grade astrocytomas, whereas loss of 10q was the most frequently seen anomaly in anaplastic astrocytomas and glioblastomas. Chromosome 7p amplification was only detected in glioblastomas. Chromosome 10/10q deletion and combination of 1p, 19q and 17p deletions were specific to high-grade astrocytic tumors. Sequences of chromosome 7 and 10 seem to have pivotal roles in the biology of human gliomas. The genomic copy deletions of chromosomes 1p and 19q might provide an alternative mechanism in the genesis of astrocytomas

The prevalence of vertigo among high school students and an evaluation of quality of life

Background: The purpose of the study is to determine the prevalence of vertigo among secondary and high school students, to examine the variables thought to be related and to evaluate the quality of life.Methods: This study was carried out between 1st November-30th December 2016 on secondary and high school students in Beylikova and Sivrihisar counties which is located at the research area of the Department of Public Health Eskisehir Osmangazi University. Those who had dizziness within the last three months have been assumed as having vertigo. Visual Analog Scale has been used in order to evaluate the severity of vertigo. The life quality of children has been evaluated through Quality of Life Scale (QoL) for Children.Results: The study group has been composed of 911 males (46.5%) and 1.047 females (53.5%). The prevalence of vertigo has been determined as 30.8%. The most common concomitant symptoms of students are headache (22.6%), staggering while walking (15.8%), and tinnitus (10.3%).It has been found that the QoL of students having complaints of vertigo is lower than that of those not having complaints of vertigo. The most common type of vertigo within the study group has been Orthostatic Dizziness (70.0%). There has been no correlation between types of vertigo and QoL; however, when the severity of vertigo is considered, it has been found within our study group that the QoL of the students having mild vertigo is higher than that of those having moderate or higher severity of vertigo(p<0.05.Conclusions: Vertigo is one of the most common symptoms among children and adolescents and may result from many factors. It may be useful to carry out screening with the purpose of early diagnosis and treatment parentheses, direct diagnosed cases to specialist physicians and organize events to create awareness. More comprehensive studies are needed to reveal the relationship between vertigo and QoL

Urinary Incontinence, Related Factors and Depression among 20 Aged and Over Women in Beylikova District Centre in Eskisehir

Aim: To determination of prevalence of Urinary incontinence (UI), and to evaluation of relationship between UI and depression in women. Material and methods: This study is a cross-sectional type research, was realized between 05 July 2011 to 25 August 2011, among 20 and over aged women that living in Beylikova district centre. The study group was occurred 500 women. The presence of UI, its type and severity were evaluated according to criteria recommended by the International Continence Society. For the purpose of the questionnaire form prepared by the study, households were visited one by one, filled with face to face method. Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) was used for evaluation of depression. Chi-square test and Logistic Regression Analyses were used in statistical analyses. For statistical significance, p<0.05 were approved. Results: The ages of women were between 20 to 81 years, and average age was 46.97&#177;15.65 years. Prevalence of UI was found 41.4% (n=207). Of the UI cases were 35.7% stress incontinence, 15.5% urge incontinence, 48.8% mixed type. Of the cases were 95 (45.9%) low severity, 60 (29.0%) middle severity, 52 (25.1%) high severity. In this study, UI was an important risk factor in illiterates (OR: 6.617), no smoking (OR: 1.868), obes (OR: 2.777), persons with anyone chronicle disease that diagnosed by doctor (OR: 4.711), enuresis nocturna hystory in childhood age (OR: 2.600), large baby history in women who had given birth (OR: 1.947), and menopause (OR: 2.497). Prevalence of depression was found 25.4% (n=127). Prevalence of depression was higher found in the women with UI, stress type UI, and high severity UI (for each one; p<0.05). Conclusion: In this study, it was determinate that UI an important health problem in the women, and depression prevalence was higher in the women with UI. [TAF Prev Med Bull 2013; 12(3.000): 231-242

A comparative evaluation of the Eustachian tube cartilage between healthy and diseased ears using a 3 Tesla MRI

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to prospectively assess the Eustachian tube (ET) cartilage using 3 Tesla (3T) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and compare the results between healthy ears and those with a middle ear disease. Material and methods: The study included 56 ears with a middle ear disease as the patient group and 100 ears without a middle ear disease as the control group. The patients' age ranged from 18 to 65 years. The axial three-dimensional (3D) multiple echo recombined gradient echo (MERGE) sequence and oblique parasagittal planes were obtained. Visualisation of the ET cartilage was assessed on the MR images using a three-point numerical rating score. In the axial plane, the ET lumen's diameter was measured from the mid-portion of the cartilage. Results: There was no significant difference between the patient group and the control group according to patients' age and gender, and the medial laminal thickness of the ET cartilage. In the patient group, the diameter of the ET cartilage was significantly smaller than in the control group. The ET lumen diameter was significantly lower according to each of the three scoring systems. Conclusions: 3T MRI provides an evaluation of the ET cartilage and isthmus level, which are small but important anatomical localisations and surgical landmarks. MR imaging has the potential to provide essential information on ET prior to new surgical treatments, such as balloon dilation for middle ear diseases

Frequency and risk factors of dermatophytosis in students living in rural areas in Eskisehir, Turkey

Our study included 2384 students from five villages around Eskisehir, Turkey. We asked every student for their personal identification and also for their sanitation in order to get an idea about dermatophytosis. Samples taken from suspicious lesion were collected and inoculated onto Sabouraud dextrose agar slants. For identification of fungi which were grown, macroscopic appearance of colonies, microscopic examination and biochemical tests were used. We found suspicious lesions in 245 (10.3%) and diagnosed dermatophytosis in 86 (3.6%) of the students. The dermatophyte species were Trichophyton rubrum 37 (43%) at first, Trichophyton mentagrophytes 17 (19.8%), Microsporum canis 11 (12.8%), Microsporum gypseum 8(9.3%), Epidermophyton floccosum 6 (7%), Trichophyton verrucosum 6 (7%) and Trichophyton violaceum 1 (1.1%). Tinea pedis (59.3%) was the most frequent clinic form of dermatophytosis, followed by tinea corporis (22.1%), tinea capitis (9.3%), tinea manum (7.0%) and tinea unguium (2.3%). Older age, male gender, poor hygiene, living in dormitory, low level mother education, history of dermatophytosis within family and sanitary conditions were computed as independently variables associated with dermatophytosis infection. For prevention and control of dermatophyte infection in children living rural areas, field studies should be done and sanitary conditions should be improved

Health Promoting Lifestyle Behaviour in Medical Students: a Multicentre Study from Turkey

WOS: 000351055100075PubMed ID: 25374238Background: The aim of this study was to determine the predictors of health promoting lifestyle behaviour among medical students attending seven of the medical schools in Turkey. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional descriptive study was performed during the second semester of the first and last (sixth) years of study from March to May 2011. A questionnaire with two sections was specifically designed. The first section contained questions on demographic characteristics; the second consisted of the Health Promoting Lifestyle Profile II (HPLP) Scale. From a total of 2,309 medical students, 2,118 (response rate 91.7%) completed the questionnaire. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, t, Anova, Tukey test and binary logistic regression analysis. The research was approved by the Ethics Committee of Erciyes University. Results: The mean age was 20.7 +/- 2.9 years and it was found that 55.1% were men, 62.3% were in the first year. The overall prevalence of smoking was 19.1%, and for drinking alcohol was 19.4%. HPLP point averages of the first year students were 129.2 +/- 17.7, and for last year 125.5 +/- 19.0. The overall mean score for the HPLP II was 2.5 +/- 0.4. They scored highest on the spiritual growth subscale (2.9 +/- 0.5), interpersonal relations (2.8 +/- 0.5), health responsibility subscale (2.3 +/- 0.5), nutrition subscale (2.3 +/- 0.5), stress management subscale (2.3 +/- 0.4), and the lowest subscale physical activity (2.0 +/- 0.5). It is established that student's grade, educational level of parents, economic status of family, marital status, smoking and general health perception of the students resulted in a significant difference in HPLP Scale total score average and the mean score of majority of subscales. There was no statistically significant difference between the total HPLP when evaluated for gender, chronic disease, alcohol drinking status and BMI. Conclusions: Based on these results, particularly in the curriculum of medical students in order to increase positive health behaviours including physical activity, health promotion issues, and giving more space to aim at behaviour change in these matters is recommended

Viral etiological causes of febrile seizures for respiratory pathogens (EFES Study)

Background: Febrile seizure is the most common childhood neurological disorder, is an important health problem with potential short- and long-term complications, also leading to economic burden and increased parental anxiety about fevers and seizures occurring in their children. There are no routine recommendation to detect etiological causes of FS for neurological perspective, further knowledge about the etiological causes of FS in children will support preventive measures and follow-up strategies. The aim of this study is to evaluate the percentage of respiratory viruses in children with FS. Methods: This prospective multicenter study, entitled "Viral etiological causes of febrile seizures for respiratory pathogens (EFES Study)" examined representative populations in eight different cities in Turkey between March 1, 2016 and April 1, 2017. Nasopharyngeal swabs were taken from all children at presentation. A respiratory multiplex array was performed to detect for influenza A and B; respiratory syncytial virus A and B; human parainfluenza virus 1-2-3 and 4; human coronavirus 229E and OC43; human rhinovirus; human enterovirus; human adenovirus; human bocavirus; human metapneumovirus. Results: During the study period, at least one virus was detected in 82.7% (144/174) of children with FS. The most frequently detected virus was adenovirus, followed by influenza A and influenza B. Detection of more than one virus was present in 58.3% of the children with FS, and the most common co-existence was the presence of adenovirus and influenza B. In children younger than 12 months, Coronavirus OC43 was the most common, while influenza A was most frequently observed in children older than 48 months (p ). Human bocavirus was common in children who experienced complex FS, while respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) A was more common in children who experienced simple FS. Influenza B virus was the most common virus identified in children who were experiencing their first incidence of FS (p ). Conclusions: This study indicates that respiratory viruses are important in the etiology of FS in children. The results show that antibiotics must be prescribed carefully in children with FS since the majority of cases are related to viral causes. Widespread use of the existing quadrivalent influenza vaccine might be useful for the prevention of FS related to the flu. Further vaccine candidates for potential respiratory pathogens, including RSV, might be helpful for the prevention of FS