811 research outputs found
A pre-design sensitivity analysis tool for consideration of full electrical aircraft propulsion electrical power system architectures
Turbo-electric distributed power (TeDP) systems proposed for hybrid wing body (HWB) N3-X aircraft are complex, superconducting electrical networks, which must be developed to meet challenging weight, efficiency and propulsor power requirements. An integrated system sensitivity analysis tool is presented, which can be used to support rapid appraisal studies of architectures, protection systems and redundancy requirements for TeDP systems. The use of this tool can help direct future research on TeDP systems towards the key challenges relevant to meeting the stringent weight and efficiency targets set out for N+3 aircraft concepts
The impact of COVID-19 zoo closures on behavioural and physiological parameters of welfare in primates
Primates are some of the most cognitively advanced species held in zoos, and their interactions with visitors are complex. The COVID-19 pandemic provided a unique opportunity to understand the impact of zoo visitors on animals, in comparison to âempty zoosâ. This study sought to understand the impact of facility closures and subsequent reopenings on behavioural and physiological parameters of welfare in four primate species housed in the UK: bonobos (Pan paniscus) (n = 8), chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes) (n = 11), and western lowland gorillas (Gorilla gorilla gorilla) (n = 6) held at Twycross Zoo (TZ); and olive baboons (Papio anubis) (n = 192) held at Knowsley Safari (KS). Behavioural data were collected from AprilâSeptember 2020 (KS) and November 2020âJanuary 2021 (TZ). Faecal samples were collected during morning checks from OctoberâNovember (TZ) and JulyâNovember 2020 (KS). Faecal glucocorticoid metabolites (FGMs) were measured using ELISA kits. Statistical analysis for behavioural observations was undertaken using general linear models. Enclosure usage was assessed using t-tests and MannâWhitney U-tests as appropriate. Bonobos and gorillas spent less time alone when facilities were open to the public (p = 0.004, p = 0.02 respectively). Gorillas spent less time resting when the facility was open to the public (p = 0.04), and chimpanzees engaged in more feeding (p = 0.02) and engagement with enrichment (p = 0.03) when the zoo was open to the public than when it was closed. Olive baboons performed less sexual and dominance behaviour and approached visitor cars more frequently when the safari park was opened to the public than they did the rangerâs vehicle during closure periods. There were no significant changes in physiological parameters for any of the study species. The results suggest variable impacts of the zoo closures on zoo-housed primates. We recommend future work that seeks to understand the impact of individual-level differences on âvisitor effectsâ and that differences between animal experiences in zoos and safari parks are further explored in a range of species
Mass corrections in decay and the role of distribution amplitudes
We consider mass correction effects on the polar angular distribution of a
baryon--antibaryon pair created in the chain decay process , generalizing a previous analysis of Carimalo. We show the
relevance of the features of the baryon distribution amplitudes and estimate
the electromagnetic corrections to the QCD results.Comment: 26 pages + 3 figures, REVTEX 3.0, figures appended as uuencoded,
tar-compressed postscript fil
Charmless Three-Body Baryonic B Decays
Motivated by recent data on B-> p pbar K decay, we study various charmless
three-body baryonic B decay modes, including Lambda pbar pi, Sigma0 pbar pi, p
pbar pi, p pbar Kbar0, in a factorization approach. These modes have rates of
order 10^{-6}. There are two mechanisms for the baryon pair production,
current-produced and transition. The behavior of decay spectra from these
baryon production mechanisms can be understood by using QCD counting rules.
Predictions on rates and decay spectra can be checked in the near future.Comment: 26 pages, 9 figures; version to appear in Phys. Rev.
Sheath-tailed bats (Chiroptera: Emballonuridae) from the early Pleistocene Rackham's Roost Site, Riversleigh World Heritage Area, and the distribution of northern Australian emballonurid species
Sheath-tailed bats (Family Emballonuridae) from the early Pleistocene Rackhamâs Roost Site cave deposit in the Riversleigh World Heritage Area, north-western Queensland are the oldest recorded occurrence for the family in Australia. The fossil remains consist of maxillary and dentary fragments, as well as isolated teeth, but until now their precise identity has not been assessed. Our study indicates that at least three taxa are represented, and these are distinguished from other Australian emballonurids based on morphometric analysis of craniodental features. Most of the Rackhamâs Roost Site emballonurid remains are referrable to the modern species Taphozous georgianus Thomas, 1915, but the extant species T. troughtoni Tate, 1952 also appears to be present, as well as a very large, as-yet undetermined species of Saccolaimus Temminck, 1838. We identify craniodental features that clearly distinguish T. georgianus from the externally very similar T. troughtoni. Results suggest that the distributions of T. georgianus and T. troughtoni may have overlapped in north-western Queensland since at least the early Pleistocene.Tyler R. King, Troy J. Myers, Kyle N. Armstrong, Michael Archer, and Suzanne J. Han
Regge description of two pseudoscalar meson production in antiproton-proton annihilation
A Regge-inspired model is used to discuss the hard exclusive two-body
hadronic reactions (pbar p ----> pi+ pi-, pi0 pi0, K+ K-, Kbar0 K0) for the
FAIR facility project at GSI with the Panda detector. The comparison between
the differential cross sections predictions and the available data is shown to
determine the values of the few parameters of the model.Comment: 9 pages, 13 figure
Long-Range Forces of QCD
We consider the scattering of two color dipoles (e.g., heavy quarkonium
states) at low energy - a QCD analog of Van der Waals interaction. Even though
the couplings of the dipoles to the gluon field can be described in
perturbation theory, which leads to the potential proportional to
(N_c^2-1)/R^{7}, at large distances R the interaction becomes totally
non-perturbative. Low-energy QCD theorems are used to evaluate the leading
long-distance contribution \sim (N_f^2-1)/(11N_c - 2N_f)^2 R^{-5/2} exp(-2 \mu
R) (\mu is the Goldstone boson mass), which is shown to arise from the
correlated two-boson exchange. The sum rule which relates the overall strength
of the interaction to the energy density of QCD vacuum is derived.
Surprisingly, we find that when the size of the dipoles shrinks to zero (the
heavy quark limit in the case of quarkonia), the non-perturbative part of the
interaction vanishes more slowly than the perturbative part as a consequence of
scale anomaly. As an application, we evaluate elastic \pi J/\psi and \pi J/\psi
\to \pi \psi' cross sections.Comment: 16pages, 9 eps figures; discussion extended, 2 new references added,
to appear in Phys.Rev.
Shadowing in photo-production : role of in-medium hadrons
We study the effects of in-medium hadronic properties on shadowing in
photon-nucleus interactions in Glauber model as well as in the multiple
scattering approach. A reasonable agreement with the experimental data is
obtained in a scenario of downward spectral shift of the hadrons. Shadowing is
found to be insensitive to the broadening of the spectral functions. An impact
parameter dependent analysis of shadowing might shed more light on the role of
in-medium properties of hadrons.Comment: Title modified; version to appear in PRC, Rapid Communication
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