Variability of morphophysiological parameters of Chenopodium album and Taraxacum officinale in the conditions of Kazan

One of the promising methods for the integral assessment of the quality of the environment and the vital activity of herbaceous plants is the assessment of the state of living organisms by the morphometric characters development stability. The study revealed an increase in the variability of morphological characters in the plants of lamb's quarters (Chenopodium album) and milk-witch gowan (Taraxacum officinalis) in areas with a high level of technogenic pollution. Phenotypes with smaller sizes of vegetative organs prevailed there, as compared with the area with a low level of pollution. At the same time, viable seeds and seedlings were formed in the plants of urban cenoses

City Soil Ranking According to the Level of Pollution: Approach Based on the Health Risk Assessment of the Child Population

© 2020 Published under licence by IOP Publishing Ltd. Assessment of soil pollution with chemicals in certain districts (zones) of the city of Kazan was performed according to the data of the social-hygienic monitoring of the FBHI "Center of Hygiene and Epidemiology in Republics of Tatarstan" for the period of 2010-2016. The indices of complex assessment of soil pollution with heavy metals (HM) and oil products in the zones under study did not exceed the established regulations. The results showed uneven distribution of pollutants on the territory of the city zones. The 3-rd zone (the Vakhitovsky district) is different, there the major contribution to the total risk level is made by lead (Pb)-51.4%, cadmium (Cd)-36.9%, mercury (Hg)-3.53%, oil products, and copper (Cu)-2.6%. The level of non-carcinogenic risk for the health of the child population aged 3-6 years old with application of regional exposure factors (THI 1.0 and less) corresponds to the target risk level. The maximum contribution to THI is caused by the dermal route of the oil products' entry (from 94.0 to 98.9 %). Ranking of the city territory according to the total hazard quotient with the account of all routes of the chemicals' entry identified two zones ranking first in the risk level: the 2-nd zone (the Sovetsky district) and the 3-rd zone (the Vakhitovsky district). The results indicate the necessity of revising the approaches to assessment of possible health risks associated with oil hydrocarbons on the basis of new scientific data

Analytical research on toxicological stress on main organs

© 2020, Advanced Scientific Research. All rights reserved. Under conditions of combined exposure, the main target organs are experiencing the greatest toxicological stress: the respiratory organs (HI = 3.04-2.36), mortality (HI = 1.12-1.35) blood (HI = 0.84-0, 53), diseases are characteristic of the general development of the body and diseases of the cardiovascular system (HI = 0.63-0.55), central nervous system (HI = 0.29-0.21) HI values for all organs and systems are at an average risk level. It is established that the major contribution to the total hazard index (HI) is made by carbon oxide, formaldehyde, nitrogen dioxide, suspended particulate matters РМ 2.5 and РМ10 and carbon (soot). The respiratory organs, the risk of mortality, blood, cardiovascular and development are the most at risk of developing adverse effects when exposed to chemicals