Analyzing age-sex structure patterns in Nepal using factor analysis

This study aimed to cluster the districts in Nepal based on the patterns of age-sex structures by applying factor analysis. The population data, which is grouped by 5-year age gap, by sex and by districts, was used. The factor analysis was applied to spline smooth single-year age population by sex and district. A three factor model was best fitted to the data. These three common factors were interpreted as three different patterns based on common characteristics of age and sex distribution. The study found that 23, 17 and 5 districts correlated purely to factor 1, 2 and 3, respectively. Thirty districts were found correlated with two or more factors. In conclusion, the age-sex structure varied substantially between the different districts of Nepal in 2011. The variations were explained well by a three-factor model. The method used in this study is straightforward and applicable to the further demographic study

Incidence Of Needle Stick Injury Among Proficiency Certificate Level Nursing Students In

Abstract: An academic institution based cross- sectional survey was done to identify the incidence density of needle stick injury among PCL level nursing students. Multi stage sampling method was used to select 407 samples from nursing students studying inside Kathmandu valley. Self administered questionnaire and review the records guideline were used as research tool. Incidence density was calculated by using R software. Out of total participated students, 46.9 % had have needle stick injuries in the past and 44.7 % experienced it more than one time. The overall incidence density was found 5.82/person 1000 days exposure. The incidence density in night shift (6.86) and in second year practicum period (6.91) was found higher than day shift (5.41) and first year (4.21) respectively. Out of total 298 injuries, 67.8 % were happened during medication, 41 % while drawing medicine, 20 % while recapping the needle and 45.1 % at medical ward. Only 46.6 % injuries were reported and prophylaxis was used only in five injuries. However, almost all the students (98.3%) stated that they follow universal precaution but only 28 % practicing no-recapping. Although the curriculum focuses on no recapping, there is a common practice of reusing syringes for the same patient in Nepal. Therefore, students must have to recap the needle. So, it is recommended that content in the curriculum and universal precaution training should be revised in the context of Nepal. Thirty one percent students also stated that needle should recap properly by using one hand technique for the prevention of needle stick injury. It is also recommended to develop standard operating procedure for proper post exposure management of needle stick injury