FORMULATION AND EVALUATION OF IBRUTINIB NANOSPONGES INCOPORATED TABLET

Objective: The present investigation was undertaken to prepare polymeric nanosponges of an anti-cancer drug ibrutinib to achieve controlled and improved drug release. Methods: Nanosponges using a polymer (ethyl cellulose, poloxamer 188 and eudragit RL 30 D) and polyvinyl alcohol as a cross-linker were prepared successfully by the emulsion solvent evaporation method. Prepared nanosponges were evaluated for particle size, zetapotential, entrapment efficiency and in-vitro drug release. Nanosponges with good drug release were formulated into tablets and evaluated for miromeritic properties, post compression parametrs and in-vitro release and final optimised formulation was characterised for globule size, zetapotential, FTIR, SEM and stability studies. Results: The nanosponges' particle sizes were discovered to range between 86.31 nm and 162.4 nm, the Zeta Potential ranges from -22.1 to -29. It was discovered that the drug entrapment efficiency ranged from 92.21 to 99.23% and Formulation F18 exhibited the highest drug release rate of 99.73% in 12h and was discovered to demonstrate good, satisfying results. The tablet formulation's micromeritic and post compression parameters were examined, and it was discovered that F18 had good flow qualities. F18 had a mean globule size of 133.6 nm, a zeta potential of -22.1 mV, and SEM images revealed a sphere-like structure. The complexation of ibrutinib and the amorphous condition of the medication and formulation were confirmed by the FT-IR, and stability investigations to be stable for three months. Conclusion: Hence, Ibrutinib loading into nanosponges made using the emulsion solvent evaporation process thus successfully boosted and controlled the drug release

Design and invitro evaluation of gastro retentive oral matrix tablet formulations of ketorolac tromethamine

Ketorolac Tromethamine floating tablets were prepared by using combination of hydrophilic polymers such as Hydroxy Propyl Methyl Cellulose 4000 cps grade and 100000 cps grade. Eight set of formulations were prepared by gradual increasing and decreasing concentrations of above two polymers. The floating pattern was found to be instant for all the formulations and best controlled release profile was achieved for few set of formulations. The drug content, tablet weight, friability and weight variation were found to be within the limits. Validated UV spectrophotometric method was developed and standard linear regression was used to determine the concentration of released drug during the course of dissolution. The release studies were subjected to zero order, first order, higuchi and ritger-peppas kinetics and the parameters for controlled release were calculated

Dengue fever occurrence in India, Brazil, Paraguay, Philippines and Singapore using Google trends

Background. Dengue is a mosquito-borne disease and its occurrence is a worldwide problem. The health seekers may turn to the Internet based data for possible complications and various therapeutic approaches for the treatment. Therefore, our objective is to identify and characterize the seasonal transition of dengue fever using Google Trends. Methods. This was a cross-sectional study of dengue fever internet searches between 2004 and 2017. The Google was indexed the aggregated web data and ranked based on the search volume with respect to time. The countries selected for the study include India, Brazil, Paraguay, Philippines and Singapore based on the maximum number of cases across world. The selected regions were further classified in to seasonal time points and the relative search volume ranks were categorized to two season variables. Mann–Whitney U test was applied to identify the statistical significance. Results. The summer to monsoon transitions were showed highest number cases beginning from 2004 in the selected regions. Furthermore, dengue searches were peaked in both the seasons of summer and monsoon in selected regions. The analyses of data further revealed that 16.2 % of variation in dengue trends is associated with the time between 2004 and 2017