A Pragmatic Analysis of Deixis and Reference on Taylor Swift Songs

This research examines the pragmatic aspects of deixis and reference in song lyrics. Pragmatics is concerned with how speakers or writers convey meaning, and how listeners or readers interpret it. Deixis refers to linguistic elements that directly refer to the personal, temporal, or locational characteristics of the situation in which an utterance occurs. The study explores the different types of deixis, including person deixis, spatial deixis, temporal deixis, discourse deixis, and social deixis, and their role in establishing meaning and creating a connection between the songwriter and the audience. Reference, on the other hand, focuses on the identification of things in the world, with deixis serving as the mechanism for achieving reference. The analysis highlights the importance of context in determining the referents of deictic expressions and the impact of deixis and reference in conveying the songwriter's intended message. By understanding the pragmatic use of deixis and reference in song lyrics, researchers and readers can gain insights into the communicative strategies employed by songwriters and the ways in which meaning is constructed within the lyrics

MAPPING TOEFL PREDICTION SCORE RESULT BASED ON CEFR STANDARD AND TEST TAKERS’ PREPARATION PATTERN

TOEFL Prediction score can also be seen as the benchmark of English Language Competence of the institution. This study looked into the types of preparation and the length of preparation and TOEFL Preparation Score result. The data were collected from 2 sources: online survey and the score compilation record from Pusat Studi Bahasa (PSB) Unpatti. There were 702 respondents to the survey which was distributed from November 9th to December 28th 2022. The respondents were TOEFL Prediction test-takers from Unpatti Ambon, PSDKU Aru, PSDKU MBD, and general Public. The result from the data analysis shows that 87.5% of test-taker have some sort of preparation before the test, the most common type of preparation is self-study (85,5%), and the most common length of preparation taken by test-takers is on average 1 week (70,5%). Lastly, overall test score indicated that majority of test takers (71.65%) were in A2 level and 26.64% were in A1 level based on CEFR.  This suggested that 89.9% the graduates (test-takers) may be failing when competing in the world of job seeking and scholarship hunting

A Pragmatic Analysis of Deixis and Reference on Kim Hanbin Songs

This pragmatic study aims to examine the different types of deixis from Cruse’s theory and references using pragmatic analysis in Lost at sea and Got it like that songs using descriptive qualitative. The result found from the analysis is that both songs use all five types of deixis. The personal deictic words occ. Thehe first person mainly refers to the singer or the songwriter. The second person refers to the addressee that is remarked by “you and your” and the last is third person “it” refers to something or someone that becomes the main thing or character in songs. Furthermore, the use of spatial deixis is quite a lot for both songs. Next, the temporal deixis that appeared in both songs is similar. Temporal deixis has two types of deixis, in “Lost at sea” and “Got it like that,” the pure deictic and verb tense occurred. The last, the social and discourse deixis with different deictic words, also occurred in both songs. Hopefully, the result could be a reference for students in the Linguistic Field in analyzing the written discourse with a Pragmatic Approach