The Role of Artificial Intelligence for Business Value

An increasing number of organizations are investing in Artificial intelligence (AI), but not all AI implementation leads to improved performance. To contribute to organizational business value, two components of AI resources, AI assets and AI capabilities, should be complementary in the business value creation process. In this study, based on IT business value literature and through the lens of dynamic capabilities, the role of AI resources in organizational value creation is explored. It is proposed that AI resources would enable organizations to develop process-oriented dynamic capabilities (PDCs), contributing to business value. This study will examine how organizations build AI capabilities and the roles of AI resources in creating business values through case studies. This research will offer a framework that guides and assists practitioners in utilising AI resources and building AI capabilities. A deeper understanding of the subject through this study also enriches the growing body of literature on AI

The James Webb Space Telescope Mission

Twenty-six years ago a small committee report, building on earlier studies, expounded a compelling and poetic vision for the future of astronomy, calling for an infrared-optimized space telescope with an aperture of at least $4m$. With the support of their governments in the US, Europe, and Canada, 20,000 people realized that vision as the $6.5m$ James Webb Space Telescope. A generation of astronomers will celebrate their accomplishments for the life of the mission, potentially as long as 20 years, and beyond. This report and the scientific discoveries that follow are extended thank-you notes to the 20,000 team members. The telescope is working perfectly, with much better image quality than expected. In this and accompanying papers, we give a brief history, describe the observatory, outline its objectives and current observing program, and discuss the inventions and people who made it possible. We cite detailed reports on the design and the measured performance on orbit.Comment: Accepted by PASP for the special issue on The James Webb Space Telescope Overview, 29 pages, 4 figure

The Long Term Effect of Blockchain Adoption on Firm Value

The justification of investments in blockchain has puzzled information technology (IT) managers because of the lack of empirical evidence on the benefits generated by blockchain technology. This study addresses this issue by analyzing the return on investment of blockchain from a financial market perspective using calendar-time portfolio analysis. Preliminary findings from 138 announcements by 77 firms that have adopted blockchain reveal positive effects on the firms’ long-term abnormal return of market values. Furthermore, we observed that firms that apply collaborative strategies do not obtain more long-term positive results than individual strategies. Overall, this study provides the first objective evidence of the effects of blockchain adoption on firm financial performance. Such findings present an encouraging message to firms to invest in blockchain and provide insights into how collaborative strategies influence the effects of blockchain adoption on the long-term financial performance of firms

The Impact of Artificial Intelligence Investment on Market Value: An Event Study

In recent decades, many firms have invested in artificial intelligence (AI) and used them in business applications across industries. However, understanding of the impact of AI on firm value is limited. In this study, 67 AI investment announcements of 42 listed firms were analyzed by adopting the event study methodology. Results reveal that AI investment has a negative impact on a firm’s market value, as the stock price of the firms decreased by 1.77% on the day of the announcement. The result also shows that comparing with stable market environment, investors response more negatively to AI investment announcements under unstable market environment

Implementation of Artificial Intelligence in Organisations: A Systematic Literature Review

In this study, a systematic literature review is conducted to more thoroughly understand the context surrounding the emerging implementation of artificial intelligence (AI) in organisations. An Input-Process-Output model is adopted as the research framework to investigate the antecedences, processes and consequences of AI implementation in organisations. The preliminary results of the research are presented after analysing 50 peer-reviewed full papers. Although the research is still in progress, it is expected the findings of this study can contribute to the already existing body of literature and identify implications for practitioner

Suppression of Slit3 induces tumor proliferation and chemoresistance in hepatocellular carcinoma through activation of GSK3β/β-catenin pathway

Abstract Background It is essential to understand the mechanisms responsible for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) progression and chemoresistance in order to identify prognostic biomarkers as well as potential therapeutic avenues. Recent findings have shown that SLIT3 appears to function as a novel tumor suppressor gene in various types of cancers, yet its clinical correlation and role in HCC has not been understood clearly. Methods We determined the transcript levels of Slit3 in tumor and adjacent normal tissues within two cohorts (N = 40 and 25) of HCC patients, and correlated the gene expression with the clinicopathological data. Subsequently, the functional effects and underlying molecular mechanisms of Slit3 overexpression and/or repression were studied using cell-line and mouse models. Results Our results demonstrated a repression in Slit3 expression in nearly 50% of the HCC patients, while the overall expression of Slit3 inversely correlated with the size of the tumor in both cohorts of patients. Stable down-regulation of Slit3 in HCC cell-lines induced cell proliferation in vitro and tumor growth in vivo, while stable Slit3 overexpression repressed these effects. Molecular investigations showed that the stable Slit3 repression-induced cell proliferation was associated with a higher expression of β-catenin and a repressed GSK3β activity. Moreover, Slit3-repression induced chemoresistance to sorafenib, oxaliplatin and 5-FU through impairment of β-catenin degradation and induction of cyclin D3 and survivin levels. The effects induced by stable Slit3-repression were diminished by transient repression of β-catenin by siRNA approach. Conclusion This study suggests that Slit3 acts as a tumor suppressor in HCC by repressing the tumor growth and thus tumor progression. Low Slit3 level indicates a poor response of HCC cells to chemotherapy. Restoration or overexpression of Slit3 is a potential therapeutic approach to repress the tumor growth and enhance the efficacy of chemotherapeutic agents