Minori sulla carta, adulti nella vita: leggere i bisogni e le competenze dei MSNA

Nell’attuale quadro dei processi migratori, i “Minori Stranieri Non Accompagnati”, (comunemente noti con l’acronimo “MSNA”), hanno assunto nel corso degli ultimi anni una rilevanza crescente all’interno dei flussi in arrivo in Italia, non solo dal punto di vista quantitativo, ma anche rispetto alle sfide che hanno posto al sistema di accoglienza. Uno dei nodi critici particolarmente diffuso nel sistema di accoglienza è la gestione dei tempi del rilascio dei documenti e dell’avvio di attività di inserimento sociale. Una ulteriore criticità è quella relativa all’offerta di percorsi socioeducativi. La constatazione delle criticità – unitamente alle condizioni di fragilità che la scelta migratoria, prima, e l’arrivo, dopo, inevitabilmente comportano – rende evidente quanto i MSNA necessitino di adeguate misure di accompagnamento, protezione e accoglienza, al fine di creare le condizioni idonee alla realizzazione di percorsi di accoglienza efficaci e capaci di includere in una prospettiva di reciprocità e allo stesso tempo arginare il fenomeno degli allontanamenti volontari

Unaccompanied minors in Sicily: promoting conceptualizations of child well-being through children’s own subjective realities

Understanding unaccompanied minors’ (UAMs’) individual migration journeys and aspirations and hopes helps make sense of the meaning they ascribe to their personal and social reality in their quest for integration and mobility. Although the well-being of children is considered to be of the utmost importance in contemporary times, we still lack good evidence of what children themselves regard as key facets of this, from their own life experiences. Identifying different domains and dimensions of children’s well-being and touching upon its multifaceted nature, this study presents an alternative framework, showing how the quality of the reception path is fundamental to having successful results throughout the entire integration process. By drawing upon data from in-depth qualitative interviews and focus groups with 50 UAMs in Sicily, this chapter helps plug an important gap in the literature in the context of child well-being as related to this group of children

Educational requirements and skills for social inclusion: the CPIA 189 resources for unaccompanied migrant minors

The work hypothesis of the paper is a correlation between language proficiency and social inclusion. From the alphabetization to the Italian language and prospects of social inclusion, the survey conducted in Sicily in 2017, analyses educational needs by interviewing 503 unaccompanied migrant minors (UAM) attending the CPIA in the whole Sicily. By analysing linguistic skills, family, social conditions of departure and permanence in Italy, the research defines the main socio-linguistic profiles and possible paths for training offer and services addressed to UAMs, as key points to start a process of inclusion that transforms in resource what is instead is seen as a problem

I minori stranieri non accompagnati nei Centri di Istruzione per gli Adulti in Sicilia

Per i Minori Stranieri Non Accompagnati (d'ora in avanti MSNA), l’apprendimento della lingua italiana diventa lo snodo attraverso cui accedere a tutela, diritti, partecipazione. I bisogni formativi dei MSNA sono stati oggetto di una ricerca che si è proposta di definirne i profili socio-linguistici, attraverso una ricognizione delle competenze linguistiche, delle condizioni familiari e sociali di partenza e delle condizioni di accoglienza in Italia, a partire dai quali tracciare percorsi possibili per massimizzare l’offerta formativa ad essi rivolta. Una particolare attenzione è stata data ai LESLLA (Low Educated Second Language and Literacy Acquisition), individui a bassa o bassissima scolarizzazione, profilo presente fra questa tipologia di minori.For Unaccompanied Foreign Minors (henceforth UAM), learning of the Italian language becomes the junction through which have access to protection, rights, participation. The training needs of UAMs have been the subject of a research that aims to define their socio-linguistic profiles, through a survey about linguistic competences, family and social conditions and reception conditions in Italy, starting from which to trace possible paths to maximize the training offered to them. Particular attention was given to LESLLA (Low Educated Second Language and Literacy Acquisition), individuals with low or very low schooling, a profile present among this type of minor

Los menores extranjeros no acompañados en Italia: puntos críticos en la integración entre políticas nacionales y intervenciones locales

Unaccompanied foreign minors (or UAM) constitute a specific subgroup, in terms of characteristics and legal conditions, of users of social services. The increase of their presence, beyond representing the obvious sign of a transformation of Italy into a country of immigration (at least from a "numerical" point of view), demands a global reflection and reorganization of the Welfare Systems. In response, in recent years Italy has implemented a reception system, developing at the same time a specific regulation on the protection of unaccompanied minors, which resembles its situation to that of other protected minors in the national territory. In past years, the services present in the territory had to respond to situations of continual emergency, rather than to promote true programmatic interventions. This criticality persists in the current situation, in which, in the face of the development of a national host model, there are still significant differences in the local application of the reception, which offers a general image of interventions that is still very fragmented and variable, dependent of the differences between resources and regional social policies.Los menores extranjeros no acompañados (o MENA) constituyen un subgrupo específico, en características y en condiciones jurídicas, de usuarios de los servicios sociales. El aumento de su presencia, más allá de representar el signo evidente de una transformación de Italia en país de inmigración (al menos desde un punto de vista “numérico”), exige a los Sistemas de Bienestar una reflexión y una reorganización global. Como respuesta, en los últimos años Italia ha implementado un sistema de acogida, elaborando al tiempo una normativa específica sobre la protección de menores no acompañados, que asemeje su situación a la del resto de menores protegidos en el territorio nacional. En años pasados, los servicios presentes en el territorio, tuvieron que responder a situaciones de continua emergencia, más que promover verdaderas intervenciones programáticas. Esta criticidad persiste en la situación actual, en la cual, frente al desarrollo de un modelo nacional de acogida, aún existen diferencias significativas en la aplicación local de la acogida, lo que ofrece una imagen general de las intervenciones aún muy fragmentada y variable, dependiente de las diferencias entre los recursos y de las políticas sociales regionales