The Accuracy of Sanitary Pad of Nitrazine Test in the Diagnosis of Premature Rupture of Membranes

Background: Sanitary Pad of Nitrazine Test (SPONT) is one of the newest method to diagnosis premature rupture of membranes (PROM) that doesn't need women attending hospital and applying speculum. The aim of this study was to assess the performance of SPONT versus standard clinical assessment. Methods: A prospective diagnostic accuracy study, 140 pregnant women with symptoms of PROM in 22-42 weeks of gestation were involved. The accuracy of SPONT in the diagnosis of PROM was compared with Nitrazine, Fern and Pooling tests that were performed at the same time. Results: The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value of SPONT, routine Nitrazine, Fern and Pooling tests were 93.2%, 85.7%, 97.3%, 69.2%; 94.1%, 90.5%, 98.2% 73.1%; 80.1%, 95.2%, 98.9%, 46.5%; and 68.1%, 95.2%, 98.9% 46.5%, respectively. The sensitivity of SPONT was the same as routine Nitrazine test (P.V=0.811). SPONT has higher sensitivity than Fern test (P.V=0.008) and Pooling test (P.V<0.001). The accuracy of the applied tests was 92.1%, 93.6%, 82.8% and 72.8% respectively for SPONT, Nitrazine, Fern and Pooling tests. There wasn't significant difference between accuracy of SPONT and standard clinical assessment (92.1% vs. 89.3%). Conclusions: The accuracy of SPONT was the same as routine Nitrazine test in PROM diagnosis that pregnant women can use it if they do not have immediate access to health centers

The Effect of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy on Postpartum Depression: A Review and Meta-Analysis Study

Background: Mother's health and breastfeeding efficacy are affected by depression during pregnancy. The aim of study was to determine the effects of cognitive-behavioral therapy on the treatment of postpartum depression in mothers after childbirth. Methods: In this systematic review, the Web of Sciences, PubMed, Scopus, Google Scholar, Iran Medex, Magiran & SID databases were used to access relevant documentation. To search for articles in the resource, the keywords depression AND cognitive-behavior therapy AND "perinatal OR antepartum OR childbirth" is used with all possible combinations of these words. Without time limitation, all related articles have been retrieved. Search was restricted to articles published in Persian and English. The quality of papers was examined using the Cochran risk of bias tool. Meta-analysis was performed using Rev 5.3. Results: We retrieved 621 titles, of which 12 were qualified after the qualitative synthesis. Meta-analysis revealed a statistically significant beneficial effect of CBT sessions as compared to routine postpartum care on long term management of postpartum depression. (Mean Difference: -4.02 [-5.58, -2.47]). A pooled effect size with BID instrument was observed -6.32 [-8.54, -4.11] at 3 months, with EPDS were observed -2.83 [-6.56, 0.90] and -2.81 [-4.21, -1.41] at 3 and 6 months respectively. Conclusions: CBT was shown to be effective however the evidence available is limited. It can be used as an effective psychological treatment without the side effect of drugs in PPD. Keywords: Postpartum depression, Cognitive behavioral therapy, Psychological disorder, Review, Meta-analysis

The Accuracy of Sanitary Pad of Nitrazine Test in the Diagnosis of Premature Rupture of Membranes

Background: Sanitary Pad of Nitrazine Test (SPONT) is one of the newest method to diagnosis premature rupture of membranes (PROM) that doesn't need women attending hospital and applying speculum. The aim of this study was to assess the performance of SPONT versus standard clinical assessment. Methods: A prospective diagnostic accuracy study, 140 pregnant women with symptoms of PROM in 22-42 weeks of gestation were involved. The accuracy of SPONT in the diagnosis of PROM was compared with Nitrazine, Fern and Pooling tests that were performed at the same time. Results: The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value of SPONT, routine Nitrazine, Fern and Pooling tests were 93.2%, 85.7%, 97.3%, 69.2%; 94.1%, 90.5%, 98.2% 73.1%; 80.1%, 95.2%, 98.9%, 46.5%; and 68.1%, 95.2%, 98.9% 46.5%, respectively. The sensitivity of SPONT was the same as routine Nitrazine test (P.V=0.811). SPONT has higher sensitivity than Fern test (P.V=0.008) and Pooling test (P.V<0.001). The accuracy of the applied tests was 92.1%, 93.6%, 82.8% and 72.8% respectively for SPONT, Nitrazine, Fern and Pooling tests. There wasn't significant difference between accuracy of SPONT and standard clinical assessment (92.1% vs. 89.3%). Conclusions: The accuracy of SPONT was the same as routine Nitrazine test in PROM diagnosis that pregnant women can use it if they do not have immediate access to health centers

Exploring Global Trends in Otorhinolaryngology Research Output

Background: As an interdisciplinary field, bibliometrics analyses research publications in scientific fields. As a developing medical field, otorhinolaryngology needs to be evaluated from a bibliometric perspective. Aim: This evaluative bibliometric study aimed at analyzing and exploring global research trends in otorhinolaryngology from the beginning to year 2021. Methods: All papers published in otorhinolaryngology field that indexed in Web of Science (WoS) from 1976-2021 were extracted for analysis by conducting a certain search strategy in advanced search section within category of otorhinolaryngology in the WoS. Data were analyzed by Excel and VOSviewer for measuring bibliometric indicators and depicting visualization maps. Results: 217,027 papers were published during the studied time span. The papers increased from two items in the beginning in 1976 to 9,759 items in 2021. USA ranked first with publishing 75,742 papers, followed by Germany with 17,718 papers and England with 14,244 papers. League of European Research Universities (LERU) ranked first among research institutes with publishing 6,517 papers. In journals, Laryngoscope ranked first with publishing 17,891 papers, followed by Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery with 14,340 papers and Journal of Laryngology and Otology with 11,219 papers. The majority of papers were in English (n=199,069; %91,725) and original articles (n=167,724; %77.28). After otorhinolaryngology as the first-ranked area with full coverage, surgery (n=37,586) and audiology speech language pathology (n=22,136) ranked second and third, respectively. 10 highly-occurred keywords were surgery (110), management (94), children (83), quality of life (81), squamous-cell carcinoma (78), cancer (75), head (73), radiotherapy (69), cochlear implant and noise (58) and experience (53), respectively. Co-citation clustering showed Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, Laryngoscope, Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery and Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology as the top cited sources. Conclusion: This study is the first to give a comprehensive bibliometric analysis and visualization of global research publication in otorhinolaryngology. It recognized important and influential papers, journals, authors, research institutions, countries and topic areas as well as main considerable keywords and subject clusters and cited sources

What We Know about Top 1000 Highly-Cited COVID-19 Papers: A Bibliometric Analysis

Background: Highly cited papers are considered publications with a great impact on a scientific community and have been deeply investigated in different fields. Aim: This study aimed at analyzing and visualizing the top 1000 highly cited papers on COVID-19. Methods: As a bibliometric study, this study was conducted by retrieving 1000 highly-cited papers on COVID-19 published during 2019-2021 from Scopus. The search strategy was to obtain 35 related keywords/terms on the COVID-19 as the main term from MeSH and searching them in the fields of paper titles, abstracts, and keywords. Bibliometric techniques such as co-citation analysis, co-authorship analysis and word co-occurrence analysis were used for the study. Data visualization was done by applying the VOSviewer software package and GunnMap. Results: China, the United States of America (USA), and the United Kingdom (UK) with publishing 418, 353, and 149, mostly cited papers were ranked first-to-third, respectively. The top contributing research institutes were from China and the USA. The top three most productive research institutions were Huazhong University of Science and Technology (N=83), Tongji Medical College (N=76), and Wuhan University (N=64), respectively. The New England Journal of Medicine, the Lancet and JAMA ranked first to third in publishing these papers, respectively. Collaborating countries were mainly of European origin. Research institutes from China, the USA, and the UK had higher collaboration. Keyword clustering showed that the clinical features and laboratory descriptions, risk factors, pathogenic and immunological aspects as well as the managerial aspects and urgent preparation of the disease were topics with high concern and concentration. Conclusion: This study is the first bibliometric study on the top 1000 highly cited papers on COVID-19 and can be beneficial to researchers in identifying important topics, active producing agents and existing gaps in the literature on the disease. It can be conceived as a reference for COVID-19 researchers and a guide for conducting other bibliometric studies on COVID-19 scientific investigation

The Effect of Breathing Techniques on Enhancing the Effect of Massage in Reducing the Pain in the Second Stage of Labour: A Parallel Randomized Clinical Trial

Background: massage is commonly used for labor pain relief and has been the subject of research for many years. The present study was conducted to evaluate the effect of abdominal massage on labor pain as well as assessing the effect of breathing techniques in reducing the labor pain by massage.Methods: In this parallel-randomized clinical trial, 96 nulliparous women from were recruited from July to December 2010 and allocated into two experimental groups (massage only and massage with breathing groups) and one control group. Before allocation, an informed consent form was obtained from all the subjects. Visual Analog Scale (VAS) was used to assess the pain during active and transitional phases of labor 30and 60 min after intervention. The duration of active phase, path of delivery, episiotomy, neonatal Apgar score at 1 and 5 min and neonatal birth weight were considered as secondary outcomes of this study.Results: After 30 and 60 min of intervention in active phase, the mean VAS scores of both experimental groups significantly decreased compared to the control group (P<0.01). No significant difference was observed in mean VAS scores after intervention on transitional phase (P>0.05). In second stage of labor, the mean VAS scores of massage with breathing group were significantly lower than the massage and control groups (P<0.05). Both experimental groups had significant shorter time used in active phase of labor than the control group (P<0.05).Conclusions: Breathing techniques only strengthen the pain-relieving effect by the massage in the second stage of labor. Therefore, it is recommended to use breathing techniques, especially in the second stage of labor.

The Effect of Breathing Techniques on Enhancing the Effect of Massage in Reducing the Pain in the Second Stage of Labour: A Parallel Randomized Clinical Trial

Background: massage is commonly used for labor pain relief and has been the subject of research for many years. The present study was conducted to evaluate the effect of abdominal massage on labor pain as well as assessing the effect of breathing techniques in reducing the labor pain by massage.Methods: In this parallel-randomized clinical trial, 96 nulliparous women from were recruited from July to December 2010 and allocated into two experimental groups (massage only and massage with breathing groups) and one control group. Before allocation, an informed consent form was obtained from all the subjects. Visual Analog Scale (VAS) was used to assess the pain during active and transitional phases of labor 30and 60 min after intervention. The duration of active phase, path of delivery, episiotomy, neonatal Apgar score at 1 and 5 min and neonatal birth weight were considered as secondary outcomes of this study.Results: After 30 and 60 min of intervention in active phase, the mean VAS scores of both experimental groups significantly decreased compared to the control group (P<0.01). No significant difference was observed in mean VAS scores after intervention on transitional phase (P>0.05). In second stage of labor, the mean VAS scores of massage with breathing group were significantly lower than the massage and control groups (P<0.05). Both experimental groups had significant shorter time used in active phase of labor than the control group (P<0.05).Conclusions: Breathing techniques only strengthen the pain-relieving effect by the massage in the second stage of labor. Therefore, it is recommended to use breathing techniques, especially in the second stage of labor.

کاربست مدیریت دانش در بین کارکنان دانشگاه‌های علوم پزشکی: یک مطالعه مروری و متاآنالیز

Background and Aim: The necessity of up-to-date information and knowledge of the staff of medical sciences universities, which are the standard bearers of public health, is doubly important compared to some other organizations, and knowledge management is applied to improve the quality of services. Various studies have been conducted on knowledge management among healthcare workers in Iran. Therefore, our study is a systematic review and meta-analysis of the application of knowledge management among medical university personnel in Iran. Materials and Methods: using advanced search in PubMed / MEDLINE, Web of Science, Scopus, Google Scholar, MagIran, SID databases with keywords knowledge management, university of medical sciences/ hospital/ health/ treatment, Iran and similar words, all articles published in English or Persian languages were reviewed. The variance of each study was calculated according to the binomial distribution and the heterogeneity of the studies using the I2 index. Data analysis was done using Rev5.3 software. Result: All samples were 2748 people in 17 studies. The application rate of knowledge management in medical sciences universities of Iran is 2.93 (CI; 2.80-3.06), which is lower than the average. This amount has been investigated at the optimal level only in the medical sciences universities of Tehran in the initial studies. Conclusion: Considering the lower-than-average estimate of applying knowledge management and the increasing importance of it in universities of medical sciences in today's world, the need for managers' serious attention and appropriate and timely planning in this field is necessary. In this regard, employees must be aware of the importance and benefits of knowledge management in different ways so that they can use knowledge management in practice. Please cite this article as: Ghiasi n, Egdampur F, Haseli A. Applying of knowledge management among employees of medical sciences universities: a review and meta-analysis. Irtiqa Imini Pishgiri Masdumiyat 2023;11(4):258-268. https://doi.org/10.22037/iipm.v11i4.44959  سابقه و هدف: : ضرورت روزآمد بودن اطلاعات و دانش کارکنان دانشگاه‌های علوم پزشکی که پرچمداران سلامت جامعه می‌باشند نسبت به برخی سازمان‌های دیگر دارای اهمیتی دو چندان است و نیز استقرار مدیریت دانش در این سازمان‌ها برای بهبود کیفیت خدمات آن‌ها محسوس‌تر و ضروری‌تر است. مطالعات گوناگونی در ارتباط با مدیریت‌دانش در کارکنان نظام سلامت در ایران انجام شده است، بنابراین مطالعه ما یک مرور سیستماتیک و متاآنالیز از میزان کاربست مدیریت‌دانش در بین کارکنان دانشگاه‌های علوم پزشکی کشور می‌باشد. روش بررسی: با استفاده از جستجوی پیشرفته در پایگاه‌های PubMed / MEDLINE, Web of Science, Scopus, Google Scholar, MagIran, SID  با کلید واژه‌های مدیریت‌دانش، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی/ بیمارستان/ بهداشت/ سلامت/ درمان و ایران و مشابه آن، تمام مقالات چاپ شده به زبان انگلیسی یا فارسی مرور شدند واریانس هر مطالعه با توجه به توزیع دوجمله ای و ناهمگنی مطالعات با استفاده از شاخص I2  محاسبه شد. آنالیز داده‌ها با استفاده از نرم افزار Rev5.3 انجام شد.  یافته ­ها: تعداد کل نمونه در 17 مطالعه مورد بررسی، 2748 نفر بود. میزان کاربست مدیریت‌دانش در دانشگاه‌های علوم پزشکی کشور ایران 2.93 با حدود اطمینان  3.06-2.80، پایین‌تر از حد متوسط می‌باشد. این میزان در مطالعات اولیه، فقط در دانشگاه‌های علوم پزشکی تهران در سطح مطلوب بررسی شده است.  نتیجه­ گیری: با توجه به برآورد کمتر از حد متوسط میزان بکارگیری مدیریت‌دانش در حوزه سلامت و اهمیت روز افزون مدیریت‌دانش در دانشگاه‌های علوم پزشکی در دنیای کنونی، لزوم توجه جدی مسنولین و برنامه ریزی مناسب و به موقع آنان در این زمینه را ضروری می‌سازد. در این راستا لازم است کارکنان از طرق مختلف از اهمیت و مزایای مدیریت‌دانش واقف شوند تا در عمل بتوانند مدیریت‌دانش را بکار گیرند. به این مقاله، به صورت زیر استناد کنید: Ghiasi n, Egdampur F, Haseli A. Applying of knowledge management among employees of medical sciences universities: a review and meta-analysis. Irtiqa Imini Pishgiri Masdumiyat 2023;11(4):258-268. https://doi.org/10.22037/iipm.v11i4.44959

The Effect of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy on Postpartum Depression: A Review and Meta-Analysis Study: cognitive behavioral therapy on postpartum depression

Background: Mother's health and breastfeeding efficacy are affected by depression during pregnancy. The aim of study was to determine the effects of cognitive-behavioral therapy on the treatment of postpartum depression in mothers after childbirth. Methods: In this systematic review, the Web of Sciences, PubMed, Scopus, Google Scholar, Iran Medex, Magiran & SID databases were used to access relevant documentation. To search for articles in the resource, the keywords depression AND cognitive-behavior therapy AND "perinatal OR antepartum OR childbirth" is used with all possible combinations of these words. Without time limitation, all related articles have been retrieved. Search was restricted to articles published in Persian and English. The quality of papers was examined using the Cochran risk of bias tool. Meta-analysis was performed using Rev 5.3. Results: We retrieved 621 titles, of which 12 were qualified after the qualitative synthesis. Meta-analysis revealed a statistically significant beneficial effect of CBT sessions as compared to routine postpartum care on long term management of postpartum depression. (Mean Difference: -4.02 [-5.58, -2.47]). A pooled effect size with BID instrument was observed -6.32 [-8.54, -4.11] at 3 months, with EPDS were observed -2.83 [-6.56, 0.90] and -2.81 [-4.21, -1.41] at 3 and 6 months respectively. Conclusions: CBT was shown to be effective however the evidence available is limited. It can be used as an effective psychological treatment without the side effect of drugs in PPD. Keywords: Postpartum depression, Cognitive behavioral therapy, Psychological disorder, Review, Meta-analysis

The interplay of attachment styles and marital infidelity: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Objectives: Marital infidelity is a highly distressing experience for those involved. Understanding the psychological factors related to infidelity can help develop targeted interventions. The primary aim of this study was to assess the association between attachment styles and marital infidelity. Methods: Seventeen studies were included, sourced from electronic databases including PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and PsycInfo, with no time limitations, up to April 2023. The search employed terms like “attachment AND marital infidelity.” Study quality was evaluated using the Risk of Bias Assessment Tool from RevMan version 5.3. Results: The meta-analysis involved a total of 13,666 participants, ranging from 208 to 4047 individuals. Findings showed that higher levels of anxiety and avoidance in attachment were significantly associated with increased marital infidelity (r = 0.18, 95 % CI = 0.14–0.22, p < 0.0001). Conversely, weaker attachment insecurity was linked to reduced rates of marital infidelity. Additionally, both dismissive and fearful attachment styles correlated with marital infidelity, with respective weighted effect sizes of r = 0.07, p < 0.001 (95 % CI = 0.04–0.10) and r = 0.19, p < 0.001 (95 % CI = 0.10–0.29). No association was found between preoccupied attachment and infidelity. Conclusion: Individuals with insecure attachment styles, specifically those with high levels of anxiety or avoidance, are more likely to engage in marital infidelity. Attachment styles should be a focus in couples therapy, especially for treatment related to infidelity. Assessing and addressing these underlying attachment issues can better guide therapists in their work with couples facing infidelity