Study of thyroid function in patients admitted in intensive care unit

Background: The thyroid gland produces two related hormones, tetraiodothyronine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3) play a critical role in cell differentiation during development and maintain thermogenic and metabolic homeostasis in the adult. Critically ill patients have been defined as those that by dysfunction or failure of one or more organ system depend on survival from advanced instruments monitoring and therapy. The objective was to study the thyroid dysfunction in critically ill patients admitted in intensive care units and its relation to the mortality and severity of disease.Methods: This is a cross sectional study carried out in Dr. Pinnamaneni Siddhartha institute of medical sciences and research foundation, Chinoutpalli, Andhra Pradesh from 1st January 2022 to 30th September 2022 involving 100 patients. Patients of age above 18 years, both sexes, admitted to intensive care units with critical illness were analyzed and approved by institutional ethics committee of Dr. PSIMS and RF data were entered in MS-excel and analyzed in SPSS V22 software. Descriptive statistics, Mann-Whitney U test, logistic regression, ROC curves were applied. P values were reported for all statistical tests and a value of<0.05 was considered to be significant.Results: Out of 100 critically ill patients out of which 17 patients had sepsis, 18 had acute renal failure, 19 patients had acute respiratory failure, 19 patients had diabetic ketoacidosis, 16 patients had congestive cardiac failure, and 11 patients had stroke and their correlation with t3 hormone decrement showed positive correlation.Conclusions: Thyroid profile can be used in predicting the mortality in ICU patients

A study on the prevalence of obesity and metabolic syndrome among students of a medical college

Background: Obesity is emerging as a serious problem throughout the world. The overall life expectancy is significantly shortened and the quality of life decreased in those who are excessively overweight. Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is characterized by a constellation of individual risk factors of cardiovascular disease. Central obesity is a key feature of this syndrome, reflecting the fact that the syndrome’s prevalence is driven by strong relationship between waist circumference and increasing obesity. Awareness about MetS in medical students is the need of the hour.Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted at Dr. PSIMS and RF, Chinnoutpalli, Andhra Pradesh, India involving 400 medical students. A pre-tested questionnaire, measurement of blood pressure, fasting glucose level, fasting lipid profile, anthropometric variables such as height, weight, waist circumference and hip circumference were taken. Metabolic syndrome was defined based on the International Diabetes Federation criteria. Data was processed using SPSS version 16. T-test, chi-square test, fisher’s exact test, anova and odd’s ratio were used for statistical analysis.Results: 59% of the study population was female. The prevalence of obesity was 4%, with majority being males (81.25%) The MetS prevalence as per the International diabetes federation (IDF) criteria was 6% (n=24). The prevalence of MetS in males was 12.19% (n=20) and in females 1.69%. (n=4). The risk of developing metabolic syndrome is high among those who smoke, consume alcohol, consume junk food and sleep for longer durations.Conclusions: The prevalence of metabolic syndrome is 6%. A significant association is established between life style habits like smoking, alcohol consumption, junk food consumption, sleep duration and MetS

Atypical presentations of cutaneous tuberculosis: A series of four cases

Tuberculosis (TB), caused by Mycobacterium TB, is one of the leading causes of major illness and death worldwide. Although cutaneous TB constitutes a small proportion of extrapulmonary TB burden, awareness regarding varied clinical presentations is necessary as early diagnosis and treatment are keys to reduce the morbidity of the disease. Here, we present a series of four rare cases of cutaneous TB presenting as vulval elephantiasis, Poncet's disease, disseminated TB, and anterior chest wall TB. These cases posed diagnostic difficulty due to unusual presentations. However, all the cases responded well to antitubercular treatment