La comunicación visual en emprendimientos y micro empresas de Ibarra

Ecuador se caracteriza por ser un país con diversa riqueza natural y cultural. Su ubicación geográfica hace posible que el sector agrícola tenga un desarrollo importante. Sin embargo, por años, la economía del país dependió principalmente de las grandes reservas de petróleo que alcanzaron su auge en los años 70. También es preciso mencionar lo que en su momento significó la exportación de productos emblema como el banano, café, cacao, camarón, entre otros. El sector florícola, que inició hace aproximadamente 30 años, empieza a dar sus frutos con una importante participación en la economía ecuatoriana, distinguiéndose por su variedad y calidad y conquistando el mercado americano y europeo. Varios han sido los embates que la economía del Ecuador ha tenido que atravesar. Sin duda, una de las crisis más difíciles fue la de 1999 con el denominado Feriado Bancario, la cual resultó en la devaluación y desaparición de la moneda oficial hasta ese entonces (el sucre), hasta la adopción del dólar americano como una medida económica estabilizadora

Delayed colorectal cancer care during covid-19 pandemic (decor-19). Global perspective from an international survey

Background The widespread nature of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has been unprecedented. We sought to analyze its global impact with a survey on colorectal cancer (CRC) care during the pandemic. Methods The impact of COVID-19 on preoperative assessment, elective surgery, and postoperative management of CRC patients was explored by a 35-item survey, which was distributed worldwide to members of surgical societies with an interest in CRC care. Respondents were divided into two comparator groups: 1) ‘delay’ group: CRC care affected by the pandemic; 2) ‘no delay’ group: unaltered CRC practice. Results A total of 1,051 respondents from 84 countries completed the survey. No substantial differences in demographics were found between the ‘delay’ (745, 70.9%) and ‘no delay’ (306, 29.1%) groups. Suspension of multidisciplinary team meetings, staff members quarantined or relocated to COVID-19 units, units fully dedicated to COVID-19 care, personal protective equipment not readily available were factors significantly associated to delays in endoscopy, radiology, surgery, histopathology and prolonged chemoradiation therapy-to-surgery intervals. In the ‘delay’ group, 48.9% of respondents reported a change in the initial surgical plan and 26.3% reported a shift from elective to urgent operations. Recovery of CRC care was associated with the status of the outbreak. Practicing in COVID-free units, no change in operative slots and staff members not relocated to COVID-19 units were statistically associated with unaltered CRC care in the ‘no delay’ group, while the geographical distribution was not. Conclusions Global changes in diagnostic and therapeutic CRC practices were evident. Changes were associated with differences in health-care delivery systems, hospital’s preparedness, resources availability, and local COVID-19 prevalence rather than geographical factors. Strategic planning is required to optimize CRC care