4,098 research outputs found
Alterations of intestinal lipoprotein metabolism in diabetes mellitus and metabolic syndrome
Diabetes and metabolic syndrome are associated with abnormal postprandial lipoprotein metabolism, with a significant delay in the clearance of many lipid parameters, including triglycerides and chylomicrons. Abnormal concentrations of plasma lipids can result from changes in the production, conversion, or catabolism of lipoprotein particles. Whereas the liver is involved in controlling serum lipid levels through synthesis of liver derived triglyceride-rich lipoproteins and low-density lipoprotein metabolism, the intestine also has a major role in lipoprotein production. Postprandial lipemia results from increases in apoB-48 availability, lipogenesis, and the synthesis and absorption of cholesterol in the enterocytes. Increased intestinal lipoprotein production prolongs postprandial lipemia in patients with diabetes and MetS, and may contribute directly to atherogenesis in these patients
The MEGaN project I. Missing formation of massive nuclear clusters and tidal disruption events by star clusters - massive black hole interactions
We investigated the evolution of a massive galactic nucleus hosting a
super-massive black hole (SMBH) with mass surrounded by a population of 42 heavy star clusters (GCs).
Using direct -body modelling, we show here that the assembly of an NSC
through GCs orbital decay and merger is efficiently inhibited by the tidal
forces exerted from the SMBH. The GCs mass loss induced by tidal forces causes
a significant modification of their mass function, leading to a population of
low-mass () clusters. Nonetheless, the GCs debris accumulated around the
SMBH give rise to well-defined kinematical and morphological properties,
leading to the formation of a disk-like structure. Interestingly, the disk is
similar to the one observed in the M31 galaxy nucleus, which has properties
similar to our numerical model. The simulation produced a huge amount of data,
which we used to investigate whether the GC debris deposited around the SMBH
can enhance the rate of tidal disruption events (TDEs) in our galaxy inner
density distribution. Our results suggest that the GCs disruption shapes the
SMBH neighbourhoods leading to a TDE rate of yr,
a value slightly larger than what expected in previous theoretical modelling of
galaxies with similar density profiles and central SMBHs. The simulation
presented here is the first of its kind, representing a massive galactic
nucleus and its star cluster population on scales pc.Comment: 15 pages, 10 figures, 4 tables. Accepted for publication in MNRA
The MEGaN project II. Gravitational waves from intermediate mass- and binary black holes around a supermassive black hole
We investigate the evolution of intermediate-mass (IMBHs), stellar (BHs) and
binary black holes (BHBs), deposited near a supermassive black hole (SMBH) by a
population of massive star clusters. Stellar BHs rapidly segregate around the
SMBH, driving the formation of extreme mass-ratio inspirals that coalesce at a
rate yr Gpc at redshift . A few IMBHs
orbiting the SMBH favour the formation of massive pairs that coalescence within
a Hubble time, being the merger rate for this channel yr
Gpc. Recoiling kicks post-merger can eject the remnant from the galaxy
centre, especially in dwarf galaxies. Our results suggest that this mechanism
can lead to up to ejected SMBH within 1 Gpc. An IMBH co-existing with a
few single and binary BHs in the same cluster can affect significantly their
evolution, either driving binary disruption, yielding to intermediate-mass
ratio inspirals (merger rate yr Gpc), or boosting
BHBs coalescence ( yr Gpc). In a few simulations,
the SMBH boosts BHBs coalescence, leading this process to a merger rate yr Gpc. We note that BHBs experiencing a merger in a galactic
nucleus can be erroneously estimated heavier than it really is
because of the Doppler shift of the wave frequency as caused by the rapid
motion around the SMBH. All our simulations are carried out using an -body
code tailored to treat close encounters and post-Newtonian dynamics, that
includes also the galaxy field and dynamical friction in the particles'
equation of motion.Comment: 23 pages, 13 Figures, 5 tables. Accepted for publication in MNRAS.
This version matches the accepted on
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