Field-Enhanced Kondo Correlations in a Half-Filling Nanotube Dot: Evolution of an SU(N) Fermi-Liquid Fixed Point

We theoretically study an emergent SU(2) symmetry which is suggested by recent magneto-transport measurements, carried out near two electrons filling of a carbon nanotube quantum dot. It emerges in the case where the spin and orbital Zeeman splittings cancel each other out for two of the one-particle dot levels among four. Using the Wilson numerical renormalization group, we show that a crossover from the SU(4) to SU(2) Fermi-liquid behavior occurs at two impurity-electrons filling as magnetic field increases. We also find that the quasiparticles are significantly renormalized as the remaining two one-particle levels move away from the Fermi level and are frozen at high magnetic fields. In order to clarify how the ground state evolves during such a crossover, we also reexamine the SU(N) Kondo singlet state for M impurity-electrons filling in the limit of strong exchange interactions. We show that the nondegenerate Fermi-liquid fixed point of Nozi\`{e}es and Blandin can be described as a bosonic Perron-Frobenius vector for M hard-core bosons, each of which consists of one impurity-electron and one conduction hole. This interpretation can also be applied to the Fermi-liquid fixed-point without the SU(N) symmetry.Comment: 20 pages, 10 figures, Sec.III B. has been revised. J.Phys.Soc.Jpn.in pres

クサギカメムシの家屋などへの越冬飛来消長

金沢大学留学生センターFrom 1988 through 1992 we studied the overwintering number of brown-marmorated stink bugs (Halyomorpha mista), at Unazuki Spa Town in Toyama Prefecture, Japan, where the overwintering flight of Halyomorpha mista has been observed every year. The flight of H. mista to the wall surface of buildings starts usually at the end of September and reaches a peak around the 3rd week of October. The coming-fly of bugs ceases at the end of November. The flight of stink bugs started in the daytime when the maximum temperature reached nearly 25℃ after overnight minimum temperature of about 15℃; the maximum number of bugs was recorded on an autumn day after the minimum temperature fell below 10℃. Regarding the slit traps which were set on the building roofs, more bugs were attracted to the slit traps which faced riverside than to those which faced the mountains. The natural wood-color board (coated with clear lacquer) attracted more bugs than boards painted in black or white. The bugs attached to the slit traps were observed 1 or 2 weeks after the onset of their flying to the wall surface of buildings

小笠原諸島におけるムニンカケザトウムシの形態学的および遺伝学的研究

To clarify the morphological and phylogenetic differentiation of Bandona boninensis Suzuki 1974 in Chichi-jima Island of the Bonin (Ogasawara) group of Islands, we studied the external morphological characters and performed sequencing of the cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) gene of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) and 28S rRNA of nuclear DNA (nrDNA). The sequences of COI and 28S rRNA were identical among the individuals of B. boninensis. These results suggest that B. boninensis experienced a rapid expansion of its distribution in Chichi-jima Island without undergoing any morphological and molecular differentiation.著者らは小笠原諸島の父島に生息するムニンカケザトウムシBandona boninensis の形態的および系統的分化を明らかにするために、父島の4 地点から採集を行い、体長、触肢腿節の長さ、背甲長および背甲幅、鋏角長、第1～4 脚の腿節長といった形態計測を実施し、ミトコンドリアDNA のCOI 領域および核DNA の28SrRNA 領域に基づく系統樹を作成した。その結果, ムニンカケザトウムシのCOI および28S において塩基置換は見られなかった。この結果は、ムニンカケザトウムシが父島内で系統的分化をほぼ起こしていないことを示す。また、採集を行った個体がすべて雌個体であったことから、これまでの報告の通り、父島においては単為生殖種として生息している可能性が高い

Analysis of Genetic Variation and Phylogeny of the Predatory Bug, Pilophorus typicus, in Japan using Mitochondrial Gene Sequences

Pilophorus typicus (Distant) (Heteroptera: Miridae) is a predatory bug occurring in East, Southeast, and South Asia. Because the active stages of P. typicus prey on various agricultural pest insects and mites, this species is a candidate insect as an indigenous natural enemy for use in biological control programs. However, the mass releasing of introduced natural enemies into agricultural fields may incur the risk of affecting the genetic integrity of species through hybridization with a local population. To clarify the genetic characteristics of the Japanese populations of P. typicus two portions of the mitochondrial DNA, the cytochrome oxidase subunit I (COI) (534 bp) and the cytochrome B (cytB) (217 bp) genes, were sequenced for 64 individuals collected from 55 localities in a wide range of Japan. Totals of 18 and 10 haplotypes were identified for the COI and cytB sequences, respectively (25 haplotypes over regions). Phylogenetic analysis using the maximum likelihood method revealed the existence of two genetically distinct groups in P. typicus in Japan. These groups were distributed in different geographic ranges: one occurred mainly from the Pacific coastal areas of the Kii Peninsula, the Shikoku Island, and the Ryukyu Islands; whereas the other occurred from the northern Kyushu district to the Kanto and Hokuriku districts of mainland Japan. However, both haplotypes were found in a single locality of the southern coast of the Shikoku Island. COI phylogeny incorporating other Pilophorus species revealed that these groups were only recently differentiated. Therefore, use of a certain population of P. typicus across its distribution range should be done with caution because genetic hybridization may occur

A randomized phase III study of short-course radiotherapy combined with Temozolomide in elderly patients with newly diagnosed glioblastoma; Japan clinical oncology group study JCOG1910 (AgedGlio-PIII)

BACKGROUND: The current standard treatment for elderly patients with newly diagnosed glioblastoma is surgery followed by short-course radiotherapy with temozolomide. In recent studies, 40 Gy in 15 fractions vs. 60 Gy in 30 fractions, 34 Gy in 10 fractions vs. 60 Gy in 30 fractions, and 40 Gy in 15 fractions vs. 25 Gy in 5 fractions have been reported as non-inferior. The addition of temozolomide increased the survival benefit of radiotherapy with 40 Gy in 15 fractions. However, the optimal regimen for radiotherapy plus concomitant temozolomide remains unresolved. METHODS: This multi-institutional randomized phase III trial was commenced to confirm the non-inferiority of radiotherapy comprising 25 Gy in 5 fractions with concomitant (150 mg/m2/day, 5 days) and adjuvant temozolomide over 40 Gy in 15 fractions with concomitant (75 mg/m2/day, every day from first to last day of radiation) and adjuvant temozolomide in terms of overall survival (OS) in elderly patients with newly diagnosed glioblastoma. A total of 270 patients will be accrued from 51 Japanese institutions in 4 years and follow-up will last 2 years. Patients 71 years of age or older, or 71-75 years old with resection of less than 90% of the contrast-enhanced region, will be registered and randomly assigned to each group with 1:1 allocation. The primary endpoint is OS, and the secondary endpoints are progression-free survival, frequency of adverse events, proportion of Karnofsky performance status preservation, and proportion of health-related quality of life preservation. The Japan Clinical Oncology Group Protocol Review Committee approved this study protocol in April 2020. Ethics approval was granted by the National Cancer Center Hospital Certified Review Board. Patient enrollment began in August 2020. DISCUSSION: If the primary endpoint is met, short-course radiotherapy comprising 25 Gy in 5 fractions with concomitant and adjuvant temozolomide will be a standard of care for elderly patients with newly diagnosed glioblastoma. TRIAL REGISTRATION: Registry number: jRCTs031200099 . Date of Registration: 27/Aug/2020. Date of First Participant Enrollment: 4/Sep/2020

子宮内膜症性腸閉塞に対する経肛門的イレウスチューブの有用性

One of the causative diseases of intestinal obstruction in young women is bowel endometriosis. During the course of ectopic endometriosis, it is estimated that about １０％ of patients develop bowel endometriosis. The first step in treatment is drug therapy. In cases of bowel endometriosis of the colon or rectum leading to intestinal obstruction, laparotomy is often required. A ４７-year-old woman with a history of endometriosis was undergoing drug therapy. She developed abdominal pain and nausea, and was diagnosed with septic shock and fecal ileus. A transanal drainage tube was inserted for decompression. The patient’s general condition improved, and a laparoscopic low anterior resection was performed on the ２３rd day. The patient was discharged on the １０th postoperative day without any postoperative problems. This case suggests that even in the case of septic shock caused by rectal stricture due to intestinal endometriosis, initial treatment with transanal decompression may stabilize the general condition, and may be superior in cosmetic change