Biographical narratives in teaching: A study of professors on postgraduate courses

Literature and research have shown that professional development constitutes an essential dimension in constructing both work and professional identity. An important aspect in such development is training. In the field of adult education, different authors (Pratt, 1993; Mezirow, 1985; Schön, 1996; Silva, 2007) emphasize the importance of placing trainees at the center of the learning and cognitive processes and within their corresponding social and historical contexts. Training is supported by a comprehensive adult learning theory. Therefore, the acquired knowledge is not only the result of an external and objective reality but also of a complex construction in which the appropriation of experience plays a relevant role. This paper reveals the findings obtained through biographical narratives in a five-year work program with teachers at different levels (from preschool to higher education) on postgraduate courses. The core issue is the importance of biographical narratives, as an identification strategy for personal experience, knowledge construction and professional identity. This strategy provided the opportunity for recognition of practical experience, as a provider of learning, as well as his/her own authorship, which are important conditions in the understanding of professional identity.Fil: Carneiro Costa E Silva, Ana Maria. University Of Minho; Portugal. Universidade do Minho; PortugalFil: Aparicio, Miriam Teresita. Universidad Nacional de Cuyo; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentin

Literacy in the cooperative sector evaluated through the reserve for cooperative education and training

This study aims to evaluate the degree of legal-accounting literacy in cooperatives, having as an indicator the reserve for cooperative education and training, since this reserve is exclusive to the legal regime of cooperatives and which, due to its very specific purposes, presented itself as a mechanism that seeks to prevent or eliminate possible phenomena of illiteracy. This reserve ? which implements the cooperative principle of education, training and information ? addresses members, leaders and workers and aims to contribute to the development of the cooperative, by allowing the education of cooperators, an active membership, the professionalization of the employees and members of the management and supervisory bodies, as well as raising community awareness of the advantages of the cooperative model. The empirical study has shown that, in Portugal, there are cooperatives that do not have established the reserve for cooperative education and training or, despite having established the reserve, admit possibilities that the law does not allow, namely both the destination of the reserve as well as its sources, and even its distribution. In addition, cooperatives are not adequately accounting for this reserve. There is, therefore, a significant degree of legal and accounting illiteracy regarding the reserve for cooperative education and training, which difficult or limits the achievement of its purposes.

International handbook of professional identitites

Resenha sobre o livro "International Handbook of Professional Identities.

Calidad de servicio y su influencia en la satisfacción de los usuarios en un hospital de categoría II-2, Lima, 2023

El presente estudio tuvo por objetivo determinar de qué manera la calidad de servicio influye en la satisfacción de los usuarios en un hospital de categoría II-2, Lima, 2023, donde el estudio fue de tipo aplicada, de nivel descriptivo - explicativo, con corte transversal, con enfoque cuantitativo y de diseño no experimental. La población estuvo conformada por 290 pacientes, donde se utilizó dos cuestionarios como instrumento para el recojo de datos, conformado por 31 ítems con una escala de tipo escala de Likert. Se concluyó que la calidad de servicio sí influye significativamente en la satisfacción de los usuarios en un hospital de categoría II- 2, Lima. En referencia al objetivo general, se obtuvo una bondad de ajuste de 0,000 < 0,05, y un pseudo coeficiente de Nagelkerke (r2 = 0,332)

Formação, profissionalização e identidade dos mediadores sociais

O trabalho que se apresenta inscreve-se num ensaio crítico e reflexivo sobre o que é ser mediador/a social. Parte-se da formulação do que é a mediação, dos seus princípios e da revisão de literatura sobre o perfil e a identidade profissional dos mediadores. Salienta-se a relevância da formação e profissionalização na construção da identidade profissional dos mediadores sociais, relevando-se saberes e competências fundamentais identificadas a partir da revisão de literatura e de várias pesquisas empíricas realizadas nos últimos 5 anos. As várias pesquisas realizadas tiveram como objetivos principais identificar e analisar práticas de mediação, a perceção dos mediadores sobre as suas práticas e a sua identidade profissional bem como construir dispositivos de formação inicial e contínua dos mediadores sociais. Sendo uma condição de afirmação e reconhecimento profissional, essencial para a consolidação dos mediadores enquanto grupo socioprofissional, a identidade profissional é dinâmica e constrói-se nos processos de ação e interação com os outros. Neste processo estão presentes várias categorias, nomeadamente: a formação e profissionalização (saberes, competências, desenvolvimento profissional); os princípios e deontologia profissional; a afirmação identitária e o reconhecimento profissional. Os resultados dos vários estudos conferem aos mediadores uma auto perceção muito positiva do seu trabalho e satisfação com o mesmo, pese embora o frágil reconhecimento social. Relevam a importância da formação inicial e contínua e do compromisso coletivo na construção de uma identidade comum, importante para a sua afirmação profissional e reconhecimento social. Sublinha-se também que a demarcação dos diversos âmbitos de intervenção dos mediadores não deve corresponder à fragmentação dos profissionais, sendo fundamental consolidar uma identidade profissional comum a partir dos fundamentos e princípios teóricos e éticos da mediação

Terapia Cognitivo-Conductual y Niveles de Ansiedad y Depresión en el Trastorno Obsesivo-Compulsivo Pediátrico: una Revisión Sistemática y Meta-Análisis

©. This manuscript version is made available under the CC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 license http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ This document is the Published, version of a Published Work that appeared in final form in Psicothema. To access the final edited and published work see https://doi.org/10.7334/psicothema2021.478Background: Although some meta-analyses have identified potential moderators associated with treatment outcomes for pediatric obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), there is as yet no consensus regarding the influence of anxiety and depression symptoms on the recovery from pediatric OCD. A meta-analysis was conducted to investigate the effects of depression and anxiety symptoms and their comorbidities on the efficacy of CBT in pediatric OCD, as well as other potential moderators that may be associated with outcomes. Method: An exhaustive literature search from 1983 to March 2021 located 22 published articles that applied cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) to pediatric OCD, producing a total of 26 treatment groups. Some of the moderator variables analyzed included age, gender, comorbidity baseline in anxiety, depression and obsession, and methodological quality. Results: Results showed that the psychological treatment of OCD achieves clinically significant effectiveness, both for measures of obsessions and compulsions (d+ = 2.030), and for anxiety (d = 0.613) and depression (d = 0.451). An explanatory model for the CY-BOCS effect sizes + + showed that three moderator variables were statistically related: the mean of the CY-BOCS (Children’s Yale Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale) in pretest, the effect size for anxiety, and the mean age of the sample. Conclusions: CBT reduced obsessive-compulsive symptoms and, to a lesser extent, anxiety and depression symptoms. Since anxiety symptoms are reduced with the same therapy, resources would be saved compared to other treatments.Antecedentes: Aunque algunos metanálisis han identificado posibles moderadores asociados con los resultados del tratamiento en el trastorno obsesivo compulsivo (TOC) pediátrico, todavía no existe consenso sobre la influencia de los síntomas de ansiedad y depresión en la recuperación de éste. Se realizó un metanálisis para investigar los efectos de los síntomas ansioso-depresivos y sus comorbilidades sobre la eficacia de la TCC en el TOC pediátrico, así como otras posibles variables moderadoras que pudieran estar asociados con el resultado. Método: Realizamos una búsqueda exhaustiva de la literatura desde 1983 hasta marzo de 2021 que nos permitió localizar 22 artículos publicados que aplicaban la terapia cognitivo-conductual (TCC) en el TOC pediátrico, produciendo un total de 26 grupos de tratamiento. Algunas variables moderadoras analizadas fueron: edad, sexo, comorbilidad, linea base en ansiedad, depresión y obsesion-compulsión, calidad metodológica. Resultados: Los resultados mostraron que el tratamiento psicológico del TOC consigue una eficacia clínicamente relevante, tanto para las medidas de obsesiones y compulsiones (d+= 2.030), como para la ansiedad (d+= 0,613) y la depresión (d+= 0,451). Un modelo explicativo para los tamaños del efecto CYBOCS (Escala obsesiva compulsiva de Yale-Brown para niños) reveló que tres variables moderadoras estaban relacionadas estadísticamente: la media del CYBOCS en el pretest, el tamaño del efecto para la ansiedad y la media de edad de la muestra. Conclusiones: La TCC redujo los síntomas obsesivo-compulsivos y, en menor medida, los síntomas de ansiedad y depresión. Dado que los síntomas de ansiedad se reducen con la misma terapia, se ahorrarían recursos con respecto a la implementación y adición de otros tratamientos

Changes in soil phosphorus in different forest residue management

We analyze the short term effect of the harvest residues management on the Phosphorus (P) fractions of the soil. Four trials were installed in Northeast Argentina on Vertisols (S1), Mollisols (S2) and Entisols (S3 and S4). In S1 and S2 harvest residues and forest fl oor were either (1) removed (R), (2) retained (RR), 3) burnt (BR), or (4) retained at double the normal quantity (DR). In S3 and S4 harvest residues where (1) removed (WTH), 2) retained (RR) or 3) burnt (BR). Soil samples were obtained at 0-5 cm and 5-10 cm depth layers at 18 (S1), 22(S2, S3) and 10 (S4) months after burnt treatments. P fractions were determined according to Hedley et al. (1982) methods. Soil orders showed different total P: in Mollisols P concentration (S2: 314,3 mg kg-1) tripled those in Entisols (S3 y S4: 118,4 mg P kg-1). Differences were even higher for Organic P (Po): the highest concentration was found in Mollisols (171,4 mg Po kg-1) related to its higher organic matter, and the lowest concentration was in Entisols (44,0 mg Po kg-1). Available P was between 14 mg kg-1 and 25 mg kg-1, enough to satisfy annual demands of forest plantations (Eucalyptus and Pinus). RR and DR did not show changes in the P fractions, although an increase in the P reserves (Po y Pt) could be expected for the middle term, due to the decomposition of the retained/added residues. R or WTH did not affect neither inorganic nor organic P fractions. The most important change was found in BR, where the available P and other mean and highly stable inorganic P fractions increased, due to the ashes; the Po was not modified. The fi re was an instant mechanism to transfer the nutrients from the biomass to the soil.Instituto de SuelosFil: Lupi, Ana Maria. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Instituto de Suelos; ArgentinaFil: Quintero, César. Universidad Nacional de Entre Ríos. Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias; ArgentinaFil: Boca, Rosa Teresa. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Instituto de Clima y Agua; ArgentinaFil: Diaz, Diana. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Concordia; ArgentinaFil: Boschetti, Graciela. Universidad Nacional de Entre Ríos. Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias; ArgentinaFil: Aparicio, Jorge Luis. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Bella Vista; ArgentinaFil: Ingaramo, Luciana And. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Concordia; Argentin

An additional set of phages to characterize epidemic methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus strains from Spain (1989-92).

In recent years, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) isolates in Spain have increased dramatically; in 1986 there were only 1.2% MRSA amongst all nosocomial Staphylococcus aureus (SA) isolates, by 1989 this percentage had risen to 44% in some hospital causing a very serious epidemic situation in the country. We have characterized these isolates by direct, reverse and Fisk phage typing and we have also looked for an additional local set of phages to help us to differentiate these strains. We have been able to differentiate an epidemic strain from other MRSA strains which cause sporadic hospital outbreaks, and we have also distinguished between some variants of the epidemic strain.This research has been supported by a grant from the Fondo de Investigaciones Sanitarias de la Seguridad Social (FISS), Ministerio de Sanidad y Consumo, Spain; No. 93/0144.S

Evaluation of onchocerciasis seroprevalence in Bioko Island (Equatorial Guinea) after years of disease control programmes

BACKGROUND: Onchocerciasis or "river blindness" is a chronic parasitic disease caused by the filarial worm Onchocerca volvulus, transmitted through infected blackflies (Simulium spp.). Bioko Island (Equatorial Guinea) used to show a high endemicity for onchocerciasis. During the last years, the disease control programmes using different larvicides and ivermectin administration have considerably reduced the prevalence and intensity of infection. Based on this new epidemiological scenario, in the present work we aimed to assess the impact of the strategies applied against onchocerciasis in Bioko Island by an evaluation of IgG4 antibodies specific for recombinant Ov-16 in ELISA. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted in Bioko Island from mid-January to mid-February, 2014. Twenty communities were randomly selected from rural and urban settings. A total of 140 households were chosen. In every selected household, all individuals aged 5 years and above were recruited; 544 study participants agreed to be part of this work. No previous data on onchocerciasis seroprevalence in the selected communities were available. Blood samples were collected and used in an "ELISA in-house" prepared with recombinant Ov-16, expressed and further purified. IgG4 antibodies specific for recombinant Ov-16 were evaluated by ELISA in all of the participants. RESULTS: Based on the Ov-16 ELISA, the onchocerciasis seroprevalence was 7.9 %, mainly concentrated in rural settings; samples from community Catedral Ela Nguema (# 16) were missed during the field work. Among the rural setups, communities Inasa Maule (# 7), Ruiché (# 20) and Barrios Adyacentes Riaba (# 14), had the highest seropositivity percentages (29.2, 26.9 and 23.8 %, respectively). With respect to the urban settings, we did not find any positive case in communities Manzana Casa Bola (# 3), Colas Sesgas (# 6), Getesa (# 8), Moka Bioko (# 9), Impecsa (# 10), Baney Zona Baja (# 12) and Santo Tomás de Aquino (# 1). No onchocerciasis seropositive samples were found in 10-year-old individuals or younger. The IgG4 positive titles increased in older participants. CONCLUSIONS: A significant decline in onchocerciasis prevalence was observed in Bioko Island after years of disease-vector control and CDTI strategy. The seroprevalence increased with age, mainly in rural settings that could be due to previous exposure of population to the filarial parasite, eliminated by the control programmes introduced against onchocerciasis. A new Ov-16 serological evaluation with a larger sample size of children below 10 years of age is required to demonstrate the interruption of transmission of O. volvulus in the human population of Bioko Island (Equatorial Guinea) according to the WHO criteria.We would like to thank the National Program for Control of Onchocerciasis and other Filariasis in Equatorial Guinea for supporting us to obtain the information on which this study is based. We are grateful to the study participants for volunteering to participate in the study and the data collectors for performing field work. Our gratitude to the Unit of Serological Diagnosis, Department of Parasitology, Centro Nacional de Microbiología, and the Spanish Red Cross for providing some control samples. Thanks are also due to Diana Gomez-Barroso, from the National Centre of Epidemiology (ISCIII) for her help with the mapping.S

Topoisomerase II inhibitors induce DNA damage-dependent interferon responses circumventing Ebola virus immune evasion

Ebola virus (EBOV) protein VP35 inhibits production of interferon alpha/beta (IFN) by blocking RIG-I-like receptor signaling pathways, thereby promoting virus replication and pathogenesis. A high-throughput screening assay, developed to identify compounds that either inhibit or bypass VP35 IFN-antagonist function, identified five DNA intercalators as reproducible hits from a library of bioactive compounds. Four, including doxorubicin and daunorubicin, are anthracycline antibiotics that inhibit topoisomerase II and are used clinically as chemotherapeutic drugs. These compounds were demonstrated to induce IFN responses in an ATM kinase-dependent manner and to also trigger the DNA-sensing cGAS-STING pathway of IFN induction. These compounds also suppress EBOV replication in vitro and induce IFN in the presence of IFN-antagonist proteins from multiple negative-sense RNA viruses. These findings provide new insights into signaling pathways activated by important chemotherapy drugs and identify a novel therapeutic approach for IFN induction that may be exploited to inhibit RNA virus replication