182 research outputs found
Secost: Sequential co-supervision for large scale weakly labeled audio event detection
Weakly supervised learning algorithms are critical for scaling audio event
detection to several hundreds of sound categories. Such learning models should
not only disambiguate sound events efficiently with minimal class-specific
annotation but also be robust to label noise, which is more apparent with weak
labels instead of strong annotations. In this work, we propose a new framework
for designing learning models with weak supervision by bridging ideas from
sequential learning and knowledge distillation. We refer to the proposed
methodology as SeCoST (pronounced Sequest) -- Sequential Co-supervision for
training generations of Students. SeCoST incrementally builds a cascade of
student-teacher pairs via a novel knowledge transfer method. Our evaluations on
Audioset (the largest weakly labeled dataset available) show that SeCoST
achieves a mean average precision of 0.383 while outperforming prior state of
the art by a considerable margin.Comment: Accepted IEEE ICASSP 202
Grassmannian permutations avoiding identity
A permutation is called Grassmannian if it has at most one descent. The study
of pattern avoidance in such permutations was initiated by Gil and Tomasko in
2021. We continue this work by studying Grassmannian permutations that avoid
the identity permutation. In particular, we count the Grassmannian permutations
of size avoiding the identity of size , thus solving a conjecture made
by Weiner. We also study avoidance of identity in special classes such as odd
Grassmannian permutations and Grassmannian involutions.Comment: 14 pages, 2 figure
Tubercles of transverse process of atlas with its developmental correlations
Background: Atlas is the first cervical vertebra. The transverse process of atlas homologous with the posterior tubercle of the transverse process of a typical cervical vertebra. There is a controversy about the development of the tip of the transverse process of atlas vertebra.Methods: The 300 human dry atlas vertebra or 600 transverse processes were selected from the anthropology museum of department of anatomy, SRMS medical college Bareilly and SGRRIM &HS Dehradun, Uttaranchal, India. The age and sex of the vertebrae were not taken into consideration. The tip of the Transverse process of atlas vertebrae was examined for its variants like having anterior and posterior tubercles like the typical cervical vertebrae.Results: The anterior and posterior tubercles of the transverse process and the status of foramen transversarium were observed in 300 atlas vertebrae. In 1.33% of specimen the tips of the transverse process having bilateral anterior and posterior tubercles. In 0.83% of specimen transverse process having anterior and posterior tubercles on the left side and in 1% on the right side. The total percentages of transverse processes with anterior and posterior tubercles were found in 3.17% of specimens.Conclusions: In present observation the tip of the transverse process of atlas presenting the feature of a typical cervical vertebra (with Anterior and posterior tubercles) observed in 3.17% of specimen. This study may be helpful for the embryologist, neurosurgeons and orthopedic surgeons
Anatomical variations of brachial plexus: anomalous branching pattern
Background: The brachial plexus is the plexus of nerves formed by the anterior rami of lower four cervical and the first thoracic spinal nerves with little contribution of prefix C4 and postfix T2 spinal nerve. The variations in formation, location, and courses of the cords of brachial plexus and the median nerve are not uncommon and were studied in both axillae.Methods: The forty cadavers were studied preserved in the department of anatomy, SGRRIM and HS, Dehradun. The age and sex of the cadavers were not taken into consideration. The upper limbs were examined for the abnormal formation and union of branches of brachial plexus.Results: The musculocutaneous nerve communicates with the median nerve before and after piercing the coracobrachialis muscle. The lateral cord also gives the twig to the both roots of the median nerve. It also gives a branch which joined the ulnar nerve. The communication between medial root of median nerve and ulnar nerve also observed.Conclusions: Out of 20 examined cadavers (forty upper limbs), the variations in the formation and distribution of branches of the brachial plexus were noted in nine limbs (22.5%). The both sides of the brachial plexus were inspected and it was not found bilateral variations even in a single cadaver. The knowledge of these variations may be helpful for the anatomists, radiologists, anaesthetist, neurosurgeons and orthopaedic surgeons during surgical operation of the upper limb.
A Generative Model For Zero Shot Learning Using Conditional Variational Autoencoders
Zero shot learning in Image Classification refers to the setting where images
from some novel classes are absent in the training data but other information
such as natural language descriptions or attribute vectors of the classes are
available. This setting is important in the real world since one may not be
able to obtain images of all the possible classes at training. While previous
approaches have tried to model the relationship between the class attribute
space and the image space via some kind of a transfer function in order to
model the image space correspondingly to an unseen class, we take a different
approach and try to generate the samples from the given attributes, using a
conditional variational autoencoder, and use the generated samples for
classification of the unseen classes. By extensive testing on four benchmark
datasets, we show that our model outperforms the state of the art, particularly
in the more realistic generalized setting, where the training classes can also
appear at the test time along with the novel classes
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