Aerial mapping using high resolution digital camera and unmanned aerial vehicle for geographical information system

In aerial photogrammetry, aerial photographs are acquired using aerial camera and light aircraft as a platform. The aerial photographs are usually processed for mapping such as for production of topographic map and other special purpose map known as thematic map. However, this method is expensive and suitable for large area but it is not practical for mapping small area. This study concentrates on the use of high resolution digital camera and a very light platform known as unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) as data acquisition system in capturing digital aerial photographs. The acquired digital aerial photographs were processed using image processing software to produce digital map and digital orthophoto. The results showed that an accuracy of sub-meter can be obtained using the employed method. In Geographical Information System (GIS), it is quite common that topographic map and orthophoto are used as a base map. Hence, the findings from this study could also be used as an input for GIS. Not to forget, the photogrammetric technique could be used not only for mapping but it could also be used for any environmental protection and conservation

Implementasi Penajaman Peran Dan Fungsi Lembaga Penelitian Dan Pengabdian Masyarakat Melalui Pemetaan Pemberdayaan Model Syaraf Khan

Research paradigm does not only look on the role and function LP2M in contribution to answer various problems of education in public and to recommend solution for decision maker in Kemendikbud. The strategic goal of PTS Darmajaya in 5 years (2012-2017) as analyzer unit in this research, are governance management that effective, efficient, transparent, accountable, and continue, and also management of education infrastructure. In order to reach those goals, LP2M arranges road map and master plan with various programs of research and community service for science development. LP2M serves to improve the quality of information services for students and faculty, and also in the search for alternative income by taking the advantage of the facilities and human resources in IBI Darmajaya. By support of human resources with a variety of different qualifications and skills, LP2M IBI Darmajaya take major task to synergize all of the powers into an integrated force and work as its functions

Compressibility and Permeability of Solidified Dredged Marine Soils (DMS) with the Addition of Cement and/or Waste Granular Materials (WGM)

Dredged marine soils that obtained from dredging work were characterize as geo-waste, which is prone to be dumped rather than to be reused. This type of soil is high in compressibility and low in load bearing capacity. The engineering properties of this soft soil can be improve via soil solidification method. Cement is the common hydraulic binder used in soil solidification, were found to generate the emission of greenhouse gasses (GHG), particularly carbon dioxide (CO2) which also had affected the earth’s atmosphere. Therefore, there has been an increasing interest in using alternate pozzolanic materials such as waste granular materials (WGM) to fully or partially substituted the use of cement in soil solidification. WGM such as coal bottom ash (BA) and palm oil clinker (POC) were opted due to its pozzolanic properties. Prior to the planning of reclamation work using DMS admixed with conventional and/or alternate pozzolanic materials, the consolidation characteristics of the admixed materials must be acknowledged. Hence, the present study will examine the amount of settlement and coefficient of permeability (k) of DMS treated with cement and/or WGM in laboratory-scale experiments. Samples were prepared in various proportion in order to examine the individual effect of the cement and/or alternate pozzolanic materials on compressibility and permeability. For cement-admixed DMS, sample with 20 % of cement have significantly reduced the settlement than untreated and 10 % cemented DMS. For WGM-admixed DMS, the initial void ratio is low as compared to the untreated DMS due to the rearrangement of soil particles, which is densely packed. For cement-WGM-admixed DMS, samples of 15C50BA and 15C50POC displayed significant settlement reduction than 10C100BA, 10C100POC and untreated samples

Calibration and accuracy assessment of Leica ScanStation C10 terrestrial laser scanner

Requirement of high accuracy data in surveying applications has made calibration procedure a standard routine for all surveying instruments. This is due to the assumption that all observed data are impaired with errors. Thus, this routine is also applicable to terrestrial laser scanner (TLS) to make it available for surveying purposes. There are two calibration approaches: (1) component, and (2) system calibration. With the intention to specifically identify the errors and accuracy of the Leica ScanStation C10 scanner, this study investigates component calibration. Three components of calibration were performed to identify the constant, scale error, accuracy of angular measurement and the effect of angular resolution for distance measurement. The first calibration has been processed using closed least square solutions and has yielded the values of constant (1.2 mm) and scale error (1.000008879). Using variance ratio test (F-Test), angles observation (horizontal and vertical) for Leica C10 scanner and Leica TM5100A theodolite have shown significance difference. This is because the accuracy of both sensors are not similar and these differences are 0.01 and 0.0075º for horizontal and vertical measurements, respectively. Investigation on the resolution setting for Leica C10 scanner has highlighted the drawback of the tilt-and-turn target. Using the highest resolution, Leica Cyclone software only able to recognize the tilt-and-turn target up to 10 m distance compare to 200 m for the black and white target

Stagnation-point flow towards a strecthing surface immersed in a micropolar fluid with prescribed surface heat flux

The steady two dimensional boundary layer flow adjacent to the stagnation point on a stretching surface immersed in a micropolar fluid was investigated. The stretching and the free stream velocities were assumed to vary linearly from the stagnation point. The governing partial differential equations were transformed into ordinary differential equations before being solved numerically by a finite-difference scheme known as the Keller box method. Both assisting and opposing flows were considered. The boundary layer was formed when the free stream velocity exceeds the stretching velocity, whereas the inverted boundary layer was formed when the free stream velocity is less than the stretching velocity. The numerical results showed that the shear force decreased for micropolar fluid compared to Newtonian fluid, and in consequence decreased the heat transfer rate at the surface

Aerobic granulation for real domestic sewage treatment at hot and low humidity climate condition

With inoculum sludge from a conventional activated sludge wastewater treatment plant, a sequencing batch reactor fed with real domestic wastewater was operated at 50 ± 1 °C to study the formation of aerobic granular sludge (AGS) for simultaneous organics and nutrients removal with a complete cycle time of 3 h. The AGS were successfully cultivated with excellent settling ability and demonstrated exceptional performance in the organics and nutrients removal with influent loading rate of 1.2 kg COD m-3 d-1. Stable, regular, dense and fast settling granule (average diameter, 2.0 mm and sludge volume index, 73.501 mL g-1) were developed in a single reactor. In addition, 89 % COD removal efficiency was observed in the system at the maturation stage of the granulation, while its ammonia nitrogen removal efficiencies were up to 99 %. The study demonstrated the capabilities of AGS formation in a single, high and slender column type-bioreactor at high temperature which is suitable to be applied for hot climate and low humidity condition (e.g. Saudi Arabia)

Postharvest quality of Lepisanthes alata (Blume) Leenh. fruit harvested at three maturity stages

Lepisanthes alata or locally known as ceri Terengganu is one of tropical exotic fruits and native to Malaysia. The discovery of this fruit is relatively new thus there is lack of reports available on the physicochemical characteristics of the fruit. A study was conducted to investigate fruit quality harvested at three maturity stages, i.e. green, half green-red and red. Changes in peel colour were observed where values of L* (lightness) and h° (hue) decreased significantly whereas C* (chroma) increased significantly as ripening progressed. Fruit firmness decreased significantly from 79.33 to 28.76 N as fruit ripened from green to red. Soluble solids concentration (SSC) of fruits increased from 11.28 to 13.61% while titratable acidity decreased as fruit matured and ripened. As the pH of ceri Terengganu fruit increased, the ascorbic acid content decreased significantly upon maturation and red stage contained the lowest ascorbic acid content at 5.36 mg 100 g-1. In conclusion, red stage ceri Terengganu fruit is palatable with soft texture and soluble solids concentration

Graphical user interface for wireless patient monitoring system using zigbee communication

Nowadays, heart related diseases are on the rise situation. In Malaysia, the proportion of patients is increasing day by day but the number of doctor and nurse slightly different situation. For this reason, the new propose graphical user interface for wireless patient monitoring system is proposed in order to help doctors and nurses to monitor their patient wirelessly for 24 hours by using a designated proposed device. This system runs as prototype to minimize the costing issue in the hospital. This system consists of software and hardware. Visual Basic Net 2010 software is used to design the graphical user interface (GUI) and Peripheral Interface Controller (PIC) 16F877A microcontroller is used as the hardware to implement the whole proposed system. This system is can be divided into three parts. There are three stages that involved in completing the system. The first is developing a program for the microcontroller, the second is transmitting the data from microcontroller to the personal computer (PC) using XBee module and the third is designing the GUI. In conclusion, the proposed GUI for wireless patient monitoring system facilitated the doctor and nurse in monitoring the patient and increased the efficiency of patient monitoring. For the future recommendation

Brain Acceleration During Ball-To-Head Impact in Soccer

There has been a long debate whether purposeful heading could cause harm to the brain. Studies have shown that repetitive heading occasion could lead to degeneration of brain cells, which is similarly found in patients with mild traumatic brain injury. A two-degree of freedom linear mathematical model was developed to study the impact of soccer ball to the brain during ball-to-head impact in soccer. From the model, the acceleration of the brain upon impact can be obtained. The model is a mass-spring-damper system, in which the skull is modelled as a mass and the neck is modelled as a spring-damper system. The brain is a mass with suspension characteristics that are also defined by a spring and a damper. The model was validated by experiment, in which a ball was dropped from different heights onto an instrumented dummy skull. The validation shows that the results obtained from the model are in a good agreement with the brain acceleration measured from the experiment. This findings show that a simple linear mathematical model can be useful in giving a preliminary insight on what human brain endures during a ball-to-head impact

Multimedia Environmental Fate and Transport Model of dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT): Case Study Sayong River Watershed, Johor, Malaysia

This study describes the development of a multimedia environmental fate and transport model of dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT) at Sungai Sayong watershed. Based on the latest estimated DDT emission, the DDT concentrations in air, soil, water and sediment as well as the transfer processes were simulated under the equilibrium and steady-state assumption. Model predictions suggested that soil and sediment was the dominant sink of DDT. The results showed that the model predicted was generally good agreement with field data. Compared with degradation reaction, advection outflow was more important processes occurred in the model. Sensitivities of the model estimates to input parameters were tested. The result showed that vapour pressure (Ps) and organic carbon water partition coefficient (KOC) were the most influential parameters for the model output. The model output-concentrations of DDT in multimedia environment is very important as it can be used in future for human exposure and risk assessment of organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) at Sungai Sayong Basin