Introduction to natural gas hydrates extraction methods

A type of low-carbon energy source with abundant reserves and a high calorific value is natural gas. Compared to coal and oil, it is cleaner and more effective. One of the key strategies to lower carbon emissions worldwide is to increase the use of natural gas. The need for energy on a global scale has been rising recently. The energy recovered from conventional, renewable, or nuclear sources cannot, however, keep up with the enormous rise in demand for energy. Natural gas hydrate deposits, which are present all over the world, are a reliable supply of natural gas. Since they were originally discovered in the 1960s, natural gas hydrate deposits have been hailed as the most diversified source of energy, holding significantly more energy than both conventional and unconventional resources combined. In this chapter, various technologies to predict (geologic sampling and drilling, seismic prospecting, geochemical detection, and well logging) and extract (thermal properties, depressurization, chemical inhibitor injection, and gas displacement methods) natural gas from permafrost and oceanic natural hydrates are studied

Natural gas hydrate–related disasters and case studies

Clathrate hydrates, which develop at low temperatures and high pressures, are known as gas hydrates. Resources for natural gas hydrates are dispersed around the globe and have stayed steady for millions of years. Permafrost and coastal or marine reservoirs both contain these resources. Cages of water that capture small gas molecules like CH4, C2H6, and C3H8 give rise to gas hydrates. Notably, gas hydrate plugs and their dissociation have significant negative effects on flowline operations in terms of safety and cost. We may recommend economic risk management to prevent hydrate formation based on prior research on employing thermodynamic and kinetic inhibitors to prevent hydrate plugs from developing. This chapter goes into great depth about these safety concerns. Moreover, seven case studies related to hydrate disasters and preventions are studied in this chapter. The mentioned field case studies varied from Siberia, the Gulf of Mexico, and also the Dog Lake fields

Introduction to natural gas hydrates extraction methods

A type of low-carbon energy source with abundant reserves and a high calorific value is natural gas. Compared to coal and oil, it is cleaner and more effective. One of the key strategies to lower carbon emissions worldwide is to increase the use of natural gas. The need for energy on a global scale has been rising recently. The energy recovered from conventional, renewable, or nuclear sources cannot, however, keep up with the enormous rise in demand for energy. Natural gas hydrate deposits, which are present all over the world, are a reliable supply of natural gas. Since they were originally discovered in the 1960s, natural gas hydrate deposits have been hailed as the most diversified source of energy, holding significantly more energy than both conventional and unconventional resources combined. In this chapter, various technologies to predict (geologic sampling and drilling, seismic prospecting, geochemical detection, and well logging) and extract (thermal properties, depressurization, chemical inhibitor injection, and gas displacement methods) natural gas from permafrost and oceanic natural hydrates are studied