28 research outputs found
Detecting Neutrinos from Supernova Bursts in PandaX-4T
Neutrinos from core-collapse supernovae are essential for the understanding
of neutrino physics and stellar evolution. The dual-phase xenon dark matter
detectors can provide a way to track explosions of galactic supernovae by
detecting neutrinos through coherent elastic neutrino-nucleus scatterings. In
this study, a variation of progenitor masses as well as explosion models are
assumed to predict the neutrino fluxes and spectra, which result in the number
of expected neutrino events ranging from 6.6 to 13.7 at a distance of 10 kpc
over a 10-second duration with negligible backgrounds at PandaX-4T. Two
specialized triggering alarms for monitoring supernova burst neutrinos are
built. The efficiency of detecting supernova explosions at various distances in
the Milky Way is estimated. These alarms will be implemented in the real-time
supernova monitoring system at PandaX-4T in the near future, providing the
astronomical communities with supernova early warnings.Comment: 9 pages,6 figure
Search for light dark matter from atmosphere in PandaX-4T
We report a search for light dark matter produced through the cascading decay
of mesons, which are created as a result of inelastic collisions between
cosmic rays and Earth's atmosphere. We introduce a new and general framework,
publicly accessible, designed to address boosted dark matter specifically, with
which a full and dedicated simulation including both elastic and quasi-elastic
processes of Earth attenuation effect on the dark matter particles arriving at
the detector is performed. In the PandaX-4T commissioning data of 0.63
tonneyear exposure, no significant excess over background is observed.
The first constraints on the interaction between light dark matter generated in
the atmosphere and nucleus through a light scalar mediator are obtained. The
lowest excluded cross-section is set at for
dark matter mass of MeV and mediator mass of 300 MeV. The
lowest upper limit of to dark matter decay branching ratio is
A Search for Light Fermionic Dark Matter Absorption on Electrons in PandaX-4T
We report a search on a sub-MeV fermionic dark matter absorbed by electrons
with an outgoing active neutrino using the 0.63 tonne-year exposure collected
by PandaX-4T liquid xenon experiment. No significant signals are observed over
the expected background. The data are interpreted into limits to the effective
couplings between such dark matter and electrons. For axial-vector or vector
interactions, our sensitivity is competitive in comparison to existing
astrophysical bounds on the decay of such dark matter into photon final states.
In particular, we present the first direct detection limits for an axial-vector
(vector) interaction which are the strongest in the mass range from 25 to 45
(35 to 50) keV/c
Oligomeric proanthocyanidins ameliorates osteoclastogenesis through reducing OPG/RANKL ratio in chicken's embryos
ABSTRACT: Skeletal disorders can seriously threaten the health and the performance of poultry, such as tibial dyschondroplasia (TD) and osteoporosis (OP). Oligomeric proanthocyanidins (OPC) are naturally occurring polyphenolic flavonoid compounds that can be used as potential substances to improve the bone health and the growth performance of poultry. Eighty 7-day-old green-eggshell yellow feather layer chickens were randomly divided into 4 groups: basal diet and basal diet supplementation with 25, 50, and 100 mg/kg OPC. The results have indicated that the growth performance and bone parameters of chickens were significantly improved supplementation with OPC in vivo, including the bone volume (BV), the bone mineral density (BMD) and the activities of antioxidative enzymes, but ratio of osteoprotegerin (OPG)/receptor activator of NF-κB (RANK) ligand (RANKL) was decreased. Furthermore, primary bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) and bone marrow monocytes/macrophages (BMMs) were successfully isolated from femur and tibia of chickens, and co-cultured to differentiate into osteoclasts in vitro. The osteogenic differentiation derived from BMSCs was promoted treatment with high concentrations of OPC (10, 20, and 40 µmol/L) groups in vitro, but emerging the inhibition of osteoclastogenesis by increasing the ratio of OPG/RANKL. In contrary, the osteogenic differentiation was also promoted treatment with low concentrations of OPC (2.5, 5, and 10 µmol/L) groups, but osteoclastogenesis was enhanced by decreasing the ratio of OPG/RANKL in vitro. In addition, OPG inhibits the differentiation and activity of osteoclasts by increasing the autophagy in vitro. Dietary supplementation of OPC can improve the growth performance of bone and alter the balance of osteoblasts and osteoclasts, thereby improving the bone health of chickens