Herpes simplex virus-type1 (HSV-1) impairs DNA repair in cortical neurons

Several findings suggest that Herpes simplex virus-1 (HSV-1) infection plays a role in the neurodegenerative processes that characterize Alzheimer's disease (AD), but the underlying mechanisms have yet to be fully elucidated. Here we show that HSV-1 productive infection in cortical neurons causes the accumulation of DNA lesions that include both single (SSBs) and double strand breaks (DSBs), which are reported to be implicated in the neuronal loss observed in neurodegenerative diseases. We demonstrate that HSV-1 downregulates the expression level of Ku80, one of the main components of non-homologous end joining (NHEJ), a major pathway for the repair of DSBs. We also provide data suggesting that HSV-1 drives Ku80 for proteasomal degradation and impairs NHEJ activity, leading to DSB accumulation. Since HSV-1 usually causes life-long recurrent infections, it is possible to speculate that cumulating damages, including those occurring on DNA, may contribute to virus induced neurotoxicity and neurodegeneration, further suggesting HSV-1 as a risk factor for neurodegenerative conditions

KVM: an open-source framework for virtualization

RT 44; This report analyses the configuration steps of the open-source hypervisor component KVM, (Kernelbased Virtual Machine). KVM solution is used for digiBESS (open-source project of digital archive) and all network services as web and application servers, user backup, long term archive and e-mail

Nuclear Shield: A Multi-Enzyme Task-Force for Nucleus Protection

In eukaryotic cells the nuclear envelope isolates and protects DNA from molecules that could damage its structure or interfere with its processing. Moreover, selected protection enzymes and vitamins act as efficient guardians against toxic compounds both in the nucleoplasm and in the cytosol. The observation that a cytosolic detoxifying and antioxidant enzyme i.e. glutathione transferase is accumulated in the perinuclear region of the rat hepatocytes suggests that other unrecognized modalities of nuclear protection may exist. Here we show evidence for the existence of a safeguard enzyme machinery formed by an hyper-crowding of cationic enzymes and proteins encompassing the nuclear membrane and promoted by electrostatic interactions

Acute Delta Hepatitis in Italy spanning three decades (1991–2019): Evidence for the effectiveness of the hepatitis B vaccination campaign

Updated incidence data of acute Delta virus hepatitis (HDV) are lacking worldwide. Our aim was to evaluate incidence of and risk factors for acute HDV in Italy after the introduction of the compulsory vaccination against hepatitis B virus (HBV) in 1991. Data were obtained from the National Surveillance System of acute viral hepatitis (SEIEVA). Independent predictors of HDV were assessed by logistic-regression analysis. The incidence of acute HDV per 1-million population declined from 3.2 cases in 1987 to 0.04 in 2019, parallel to that of acute HBV per 100,000 from 10.0 to 0.39 cases during the same period. The median age of cases increased from 27 years in the decade 1991-1999 to 44 years in the decade 2010-2019 (p < .001). Over the same period, the male/female ratio decreased from 3.8 to 2.1, the proportion of coinfections increased from 55% to 75% (p = .003) and that of HBsAg positive acute hepatitis tested for by IgM anti-HDV linearly decreased from 50.1% to 34.1% (p < .001). People born abroad accounted for 24.6% of cases in 2004-2010 and 32.1% in 2011-2019. In the period 2010-2019, risky sexual behaviour (O.R. 4.2; 95%CI: 1.4-12.8) was the sole independent predictor of acute HDV; conversely intravenous drug use was no longer associated (O.R. 1.25; 95%CI: 0.15-10.22) with this. In conclusion, HBV vaccination was an effective measure to control acute HDV. Intravenous drug use is no longer an efficient mode of HDV spread. Testing for IgM-anti HDV is a grey area requiring alert. Acute HDV in foreigners should be monitored in the years to come

Step by step installation guide of a digital preservation infrastructure

The Ceris-CNR project of digital preservation infrastructure has been committed by Bess (Social Science Electronic Library of Piemonte) for years 2011-2012 sponsored by Compagnia di San Paolo of Turin. Ceris-CNR role is to handle all the post-scan of the digitalization, for this purpose it has deployed the software and server platforms of the repository and also the web portal for the presentation, research and consulting. This report is a guide of step by step followed to build the digital archive infrastructure

Repository e front-end open-source per la conservazione di opere digitali

Ceris-CNR IT Office and Ceris-CNR Library are involved in a digitization project promoted by Bess (Electronic Library of Economic and Social Sciences in Piedmont Area) and commissioned to handle all the post-scan of the digitization. This technical report analyzes the strategies adopted and the main open-source software used. Ceris-CNR had to provide for the management of large volumes of data with the availability of space storage for the digitized works with characteristics of stability, versatility and dynamism. Ceris-CNR has deployed the software and server platforms of the repository, in a virtualized and redundant infrastructure. Ceris–CNR also take care of the design, development and management of the web portal (front-end) for the presentation, research and consulting data of the digitalized item

Storage in HA: manutenzione ordinaria e straordinaria

Ceris-CNR IT Office manages the CNR Piedmont network infrastructure and provides network services for about 420 users. The development of a large and reliable storage system is the answer to two needs: one from users, who must deal with ever more larger digital objects for personal and research use, and one from need to have a space system engineering to store virtual machines and backup copies. To contain expenditure and without detracting from the reliability of the system, we choose to concentrate financial commitment on quality hardware and realize the whole project with open-source software, specifically the main components are: Linux, DRBD (Distributed Replicated Block Device), Corosync and Pacemaker

Storage in HA: Cluster attivo/passivo open-source

Ceris-CNR IT Office manages the CNR Piedmont network infrastructure and provides network services for about 420 users. The development of a large and reliable storage system is the answer to two needs: one from users, who must deal with ever more larger digital objects for personal and research use, and one from need to have a space system engineering to store virtual machines and backup copies. To contain expenditure and without detracting from the reliability of the system, we choose to concentrate financial commitment on quality hardware and realize the whole project with open-source software, specifically the main components are: Linux, DRBD (Distributed Replicated Block Device), Corosync and Pacemaker