Bangladesh’s Access to the Canadian Market: Implications of the New Canadian LDC Initiative and Prospects for Export Diversification

The focus of the paper is to examine the implications of the new Canadian LDC tariff initiative, approved by the Canadian cabinet in December 2002 which provides zero-tariff, zero-quota market access for a large number of exportables from Bangladesh. The possibilities of expansion of Bangladeshi exports in the Canadian market have also been critically analysed in the paper.Export, LDC, International Relation, China, Bangladesh

UNCTAD V: Trade Issues

SUMMARY The need to curb protectionism, promote ldcs' exports of manufactures and processed commodities, and diversify their markets were the main trade issues raised at UNCTAD V. The article examines the Group of 77's list of demands on these issues, as expressed in their Arusha Programme, and the response to them by Group B at Manila. Wide differences of interest and philosophy between the negotiating groups, as well as procedural difficulties, meant that the Conference failed to produce any resolutions likely to assist trade in the immediate future. For instance, Group B flatly rejected the suggestion that an international body be set up to advise on which of their industries should be run down rather than protected. Nearly all ldc proposals (such as those for an evaluation of the MTN and the GSP, assistance for Idc exports, inter?ldc trade preferences, and a complementary financing facility) were referred to the UNCTAD Secretariat for further study or to specialist groups for further discussion. RÉSUMÉ La cinquième CNUCED: les questions commercials La nécessité d'enrayer le protectionnisme, la promotion des exportations de produits manufacturés et semi?finis des PVD et la diversification de leurs débouchés ont été les principales questions commercials abordées à la cinquième CNUCED. L'article étudie la liste des revendications exprimées à cet égard, telles qu'elles figurent dans le Programme d'Arusha, et les réactions qu'elles ont suscitées à Manille chez les pays du Groupe B. Les intérêts et la ligne d'action des groupes en présence enregistrent des divergences graves. Celles?ci et les difficultés relatives à la procédure ont empêché la Conférence d'adopter des résolutions susceptibles de favoriser le commerce dans l'immédiat. Par exemple, le Groupe B a rejeté catégoriquement la proposition visant à établir un organisme international susceptible de conseiller chaque pays sur les secteurs qu'il vaudrait mieux abandonner que protéger. Presque toutes les propositions des PVD (telles que celles recommandant une réévaluation des négociations multilatérales sur le commerce et du système généralisé de préférences, une aide aux exportations des PVD, des préférences en matière de commerce entre PVD et une facilité de financement complémentaire) ont été renvoyées au secrétariat de la CNUCED pour eacute;tude plus approfondie, ou à des groupes spécialisés pour examen. RESUMEN UNCTAD V: aspectos comerciales En la UNCTAD V los principales aspectos comerciales suscitados fueron la necesidad de reducir el proteccionismo, fomentar las exportaciones de productos manufacturados y artículos elaborados de los países menos desarrollados y diversificar sus mercados. En el artículo se examina la lista de exigencias del Grupo de los 77 sobre estos aspectos, según se expresaron en su programa Arusha, y la respuesta que les dio el grupo B en Manila. Las amplias diferencias de intereses y filosofía entre los grupos negociadores, así como las dificultades de procedimiento, significaron que Conferencia fracasó en su intento de producir resoluciones susceptibles de facilitar el comercio en un futuro inmediato. Por ejemplo, el grupo B rechazó rotundamente la sugerencia de que se estableciese un organismo internacional para asesorar sobre las industrias de dichos países que debieran reducirse en lugar de protegerse. Casi todas las propuestas de los países menos desarrollados (tales como las de una evaluación de las negociaciones comerciales multilaterales y el sistema generalizado de preferencias, la ayuda para las exportaciones de los países menos desarrollados y las preferencias comerciales entre dichos países, así como posibilidades complementarias de financiación) se dejaron a cargo de la Secretaría de la UNCTAD para un estudio más a fondo, o a grupos de especialistas para su análisis ulterior

Planting the Seeds: The Experiences of Community Psychology Graduates as Agents of Systemic Social Change

Social change is a part of human existence, but other than charismatic individuals such as Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. and Gandhi, little has been published about the lived experience of social change agents. Time (era, passage of time, etc.) is often neglected as an important temporal factor of analysis in systemic social change (SSC) activities. The intent is to explore the experience of people working as SSC agents and discover what influences their work. A better understanding of this experience would contribute to more effective SSC work and perhaps address challenges facing change agents. The main research question, “What are the experiences of WLU Community Psychology programme graduates as agents of social change over the last 30 years?” considers temporal influences, varying socio-economic and political contexts and responses to those challenges. Constructivist, hermeneutical and dialectic epistemologies for this exploratory research project were used in a case study method approach, analyzed for sensitized thematic content across cases. A stratified, purposive mixed male and female sample of 15 WLU graduates represented classes from 1975 to 2005 and was divided into three 10-year cohorts, 1975–1985, 1986–1995, and 1996–2005 with five participants per cohort. Semi-structured interviews were completed, transcribed and member-checked by participants before coding, using NVivo software (Richards, 1999). Field notes along with archival research provided additional data sources for triangulation. The initial findings were reviewed by a cohort member. Based on the findings, I developed a collective definition of SSC and a framework for understanding a collective experience of systemic change. Furthermore, recommendations are presented for supporting change agents, individually and collectively, in their work

An American Eve : the construction of a modern revisionist heroine in Kate Chopin's "The awakening", Ernest Hemingway's "The sun also rises" and F. Scott Fitzgerald's "The great Gatsby"

Cette recherche a pour but d’identifier une personnalité féminine révisionniste dans le modernisme littéraire américain. Cette personnalité révisionniste a pour nom «American Eve» et défie le «American Adam» qui est un personnage mythique patriarcal de R.W.B. Lewis provenant du dix-neuvième siècle. Cette conceptualisation est accomplie à l’aide d’une analyse socio-critique et comparative des trois protagonistes féminins dans les romans modernes The Awakening (1899) de Kate Chopin, The Sun Also Rises (1926) d’Ernest Hemingway, et The Great Gatsby (1925) de F. Scott Fitzgerald. Ma construction de cette personnalité féminine est divisée en trois chapitres, chacun étant dédié à un protagoniste en particulier. En comparant ces personnages littéraires sur un plan socio-critique et féministe, je permets à mon étude d’établir en quoi les personnages en question contribuent ou ne contribuent pas à la personnalité de «American Eve». Cette approche comparative est un excellent moyen d’évaluer l’évolution du potentiel révisionniste de la femme au vingtième siècle et les différentes façons par lesquelles elle emploie ce pouvoir

An Exploration into the Benefits, Challenges, and Potential of Telehealth in the United States: A Mississippi Case Study

Healthcare in the United States is in need of new solutions to provide access to care for all and decrease the rising costs of care. Telehealth is a developing model of healthcare delivery, and it will provide effective and equitable solutions to increase access to healthcare across the nation. As models of healthcare rapidly change, telehealth will continue to progress, but it is necessary for policy to complement the rapidly changing healthcare environment so that telehealth implementation can be successful. Along with access, telehealth has the opportunity to address many convenience barriers to healthcare, including distribution and number of practitioners, location barriers, and appointment availability. This thesis provides an exploratory literature review of the background, benefits, challenges, and potential of telehealth in the United States and provides original research into telehealth in Mississippi. Mississippi is a unique state when it comes to healthcare, and it is a leader in telehealth across the nation. The goal of this original research is to explore healthcare in Mississippi and learn from healthcare administrators about the healthcare needs in Mississippi and how telehealth can provide solutions to current health barriers. The research was gathered through semi-structured interviews of healthcare administrators from three different sites in Mississippi, ranging from a rural wellness center to the largest telehealth center in the state. After completion of the interviews, the interview data were recorded in the form of notes and a synthesis document was drafted explaining the common themes of telehealth in Mississippi. The results of the research were comparable to literature review; there was an emphasis on barriers to telehealth implementation such as reimbursement and health policy. Another commonality was that health systems and practitioners generally want to use telehealth services, but there currently are too many barriers to successful telehealth implementation for it to be a sustainable model. In order for telehealth to be successfully implemented, there needs to be more research, lobbying, and advocacy efforts to make prompt and effective change in health policies in the United States

The Regeneration of High Temperature Sulfur Dioxide Sorbents: the CO Reduction of Supported Alkali Sulfates

The chemical reactions involved in the regeneration step of a high temperature SO2 removal process have been investigated. In particular, the CO reduction of supported alkali sulfates has been studied. Thermogravimetric measurements have yielded the time-resolved composition of sorbent and gaseous products during reduction with 10% CO at 700 and 800°C. FTIR was used to identify reaction intermediates . A flow microreactor was used to compare gaseous product selectivity between SO2, COS and elemental sulfur of sorbents reduced with 1 and 10% CO at 700 and 800°C. The experimental results show regeneration; i.e., sulfur removal is greatly increased by the presence of lithium in the sorbent material. Reaction between the support and the alkali material greatly influences the degree of regeneration. Support materials are apparently active in the catalysis of the reduction of SO2 to elemental sulfur and the reaction between elemental sulfur and CO to form COS, and therefore, influences the product selectivity. A reaction scheme which qualitatively explains the experimental results is proposed.</p

Clark Family Letters - Letters from Ann Clark (Mrs Weston) to sister Jane

Letters from Ann Clark (Mrs Weston) to sister Jane fromHythe, Longford, Tasmania: illness (1826 No.5) also dated around 1831 regarding gowns, bonnets and ribbons, building at Hythe's New Zealand pine flooring. From the family papers of William & John Clark of Cluny, Bothwell 1812-1872 : Royal Society Collection - RS8/F6-5, RS8/F6-7, RS8/F6-8 & RS8/F6-1

Daily Step Count Predicts Acute Exacerbations in a US Cohort with COPD

Background: COPD is characterized by variability in exercise capacity and physical activity (PA), and acute exacerbations (AEs). Little is known about the relationship between daily step count, a direct measure of PA, and the risk of AEs, including hospitalizations. Methods: In an observational cohort study of 169 persons with COPD, we directly assessed PA with the StepWatch Activity Monitor, an ankle-worn accelerometer that measures daily step count. We also assessed exercise capacity with the 6-minute walk test (6MWT) and patient-reported PA with the St. George's Respiratory Questionnaire Activity Score (SGRQ-AS). AEs and COPD-related hospitalizations were assessed and validated prospectively over a median of 16 months. Results: Mean daily step count was 5804±3141 steps. Over 209 person-years of observation, there were 263 AEs (incidence rate 1.3±1.6 per person-year) and 116 COPD-related hospitalizations (incidence rate 0.56±1.09 per person-year). Adjusting for FEV1 % predicted and prednisone use for AE in previous year, for each 1000 fewer steps per day walked at baseline, there was an increased rate of AEs (rate ratio 1.07; 95%CI = 1.003–1.15) and COPD-related hospitalizations (rate ratio 1.24; 95%CI = 1.08–1.42). There was a significant linear trend of decreasing daily step count by quartiles and increasing rate ratios for AEs (P = 0.008) and COPD-related hospitalizations (P = 0.003). Each 30-meter decrease in 6MWT distance was associated with an increased rate ratio of 1.07 (95%CI = 1.01–1.14) for AEs and 1.18 (95%CI = 1.07–1.30) for COPD-related hospitalizations. Worsening of SGRQ-AS by 4 points was associated with an increased rate ratio of 1.05 (95%CI = 1.01–1.09) for AEs and 1.10 (95%CI = 1.02–1.17) for COPD-related hospitalizations. Conclusions: Lower daily step count, lower 6MWT distance, and worse SGRQ-AS predict future AEs and COPD–related hospitalizations, independent of pulmonary function and previous AE history. These results support the importance of assessing PA in patients with COPD, and provide the rationale to promote PA as part of exacerbation-prevention strategies

William & John Clark of Cluny, Bothwell Family Papers 1812-1872 Index: Royal Society Collection

William Clark (1769-1851) arrived in Tasmania in 1824 and settled near Bothwell at Cluny, and later acquired other property on the River Jordan at the Hunting Ground, later called Mauriceton .John Clark (1807-1853),the youngest son, came with his father to Tasmania and was Keeper of the Bonded Store in Launceston, Coast Waiter and Searcher at George Town and Police Magistrate at Hobart, Launceston, George Town and later Bothwell. He returned to take over the management of Cluny in 1838. He married Jane Eddie but had no children. The William and John Clark Papers are an interesting record of a settler family. They include papers concerning the management of the Cluny property, a few papers relating to Bothwell and John Clark's correspondence concerning his work as a magistrate. There are also letters to John Clark from William Bames (1791 ?-1848), brewer of Launceston, 1829-1839; Matthew Curling Friend of Newnham, Port Officer at George Town, 1833-1841, and from Charles Arthur (1808-1884), nephew of and Aide-de-Camp to Lt.-Governor George Arthur, 1827-1829. There are also letters from British army officers' wives and daughters addressed to Jane Clark. Royal Society RS.