Methods and techniques for teaching spelling

The purpose of this paper was to research current literature on the methods, approaches, and techniques used to teach the poor speller. Spelling is often given a subordinate position in our schools. It tends to be a nuisance subject in which words are taught in isolation. Some teachers consider it to be an unpleasant necessity. Many students and teachers fail to realize the importance of mastering this tool skill. After all, children will not grow up to be spellers or gain employment using this specific skill alone

Traditional Procurement is too Slow

This paper reports on an exploratory interview survey of construction project participants aimed at identifying the reasons for the decrease in use of the traditional, lump-sum, procurement system in Malaysia. The results show that most people believe it is too slow. This appears to be in part due to the contiguous nature of the various phase and stages of the process and especially the separation of the design and construction phases. The delays caused by disputes between the various parties are also seen as a contributory factor - the most prominent cause being the frequency of variations, with design and scope changes being a particular source of discontent. It is concluded that an up scaling of the whole of the time related reward/penalty system may be the most appropriate measure for the practice in future

Patterns of seed production in Table Mountain pine (Pinus pungens)

The lack of regeneration in stands of Table Mountain pine (Pinus pungens Lamb.) in the Southern Appalachian Mountains is of concern, particularly to federal land managers. Efforts to regenerate Table Mountain pine stands with prescribed burning have been less successful than expected. Several factors that may play a key role in successful regeneration are currently being investigated. The purpose of this study was to determine if Table Mountain pine seed viability and availability varied with tree age, cone age, and season. Seeds were collected in four seasons from 2-5 year old cones of 5-76+ year old trees. Results indicate that for trees 11 years and older, cones collected in the winter had the highest number of seeds and that those seeds were most viable. Young stands of trees less than 10 years old had many seed, but viability was poor. The results of this study can used to identify stands with an adequate number of viable seed. Information from this study and corollary studies funded by the Joint Fire Sciences Program will be used to ensure successful regeneration of Table Mountain pine

Reducing the Cost of Technical and Vocational Education

Teaching/Communication/Extension/Profession,